518. 82d Regiment. Cols., Gunning and F. McLean ;* Lieut. Col., Craig; Major, Robertson.

* See 181.

519. 84th Regiment, or Royal Highland Emigrants. Col., Sir H. Clinton, K. B.; Lieut. Col., John Small; *Majors, Alex. Macdonald and Tho's Murray.

* See 203.

The preceding list includes only such Regiments as have been noticed in the course of this work.

The British officers expected the utmost condescension. If a farmer, in passing, should neglect to take off his hat, he might depend on a caning; though the Briton would scarcely deign to notice him, much less return the civility. In addressing an officer, your hat should be under your arm.

The quartering of officers and billeting of soldiers in private houses, was a great annoyance. An officer was entitled to one or more of the best rooms, and had a guard constantly parading to and fro before the door. The soldiers generally took the kitchen. The first notice you had that your house would be wanted, was, “Well, madam, I've come to take a billet on your house." Insubordination arose among the slaves, who either ran away, or became less respectful to their owners, when they saw them lorded over by British officers.

Between the oppressions of British soldiers, and the depredations of American whale boats,* the inhabitants suffered sadly, and all hailed the period of their deliverance from both.

* The whale boatmen were Americans (many of them refugees from Long Island) living on the Connecticut shore, who had commissions from the Governors of New-York and Connecticut to cruise in the Sound against British vessels; and it required no great stretch of conscience to go on land and plunder indiscriminately, Whig and Loyalist, (see 388,) under pretence of carrying off British goods. The whale boat warfare at length degenerated into downright robbery. The whale boats were sharp at each end, the sheathing often not over half an inch thick, and so light as to be easily carried on men's shoulders, either to be hid in the bushes or re-launched in the South Bay. Some were thirty-two feet long, and impelled by from eight to twenty oars, and would shoot ahead of an ordinary boat with great velocity, and leave their pursuers far behind. They were always on the look-out, and in a calm would row out of their lurking places, and board market boats, or even cut off the detached vessels of a convoy.

Another more honorable employment of whale boats was to carry off distinguished Loyalists, so as to exchange them for Whig prisoners. (See 304, 305, 314, 336, 374, 395,397, 398, 402.)

PART V.

CONCLUSION.

EVACUATION OF QUEENS COUNTY.

520. Sir Guy Carlton, Governor of New-York, says: "I propose to resign the possession of Herricks and Hempstead, and all to the eastward, on Long Island, Nov. 21."-Sparks, VIII. 547. After evacuating New-York (Nov. 25), he yet retained possession of Staten Island, Dennis's, New Utrecht, and the circumjacent district on Long Island, for the use of troops unprovided with transports, till Dec. 4, when they embarked and took their final departure from our unhappy isle. This long delay was owing to the removal of so many loyalists, who dared not remain here after the passage of so many violent resolutions by whig meetings in various parts of the Union. Ships were sent for from the West Indies, and even from Europe.

521. We have scarcely any particulars of the evacuation of Queens county, except that the Hessians from the Fly marched through Newtown; the road was full for some time.—Delancy's 3d Battalion was marched towards New-York, and discharged, a few at a time, to prevent their clubbing together and doing mischief. A half guinea was given each soldier to drink the King's health. At the peace, the British, in Newtown, gradually drew off toward Bushwick. Their last encampment was in the Cedar Lots, on the road to the Penny Bridge.-On the evacuation of Flushing, in the morning there were thousands around, barns full; in the afternoon all, all were gone, and it seemed quite lonesome.-J. F., who kept store in Jamaica, says, "One day the British patrolled the streets, next day the

American soldiers.-The 60th Regiment left Hempstead to the tune of Roslin Castle. (See 513, 367.)

NOVA SCOTIA.

522. As a number of the most active Loyalists of Queens county, and of the Provincial Regiments raised here, was obliged to seek refuge in Nova Scotia at the peace, to escape the vengeance of the exasperated Whigs, we annex such notices of their emigration thither as have fallen under our observation.-Ed.

At the fall of Cornwallis, (Oct. 19, '81,) 471 heads of families associated to settle on lands granted the Loyalists in Nova Scotia.* They were divided into sixteen companies, with a captain and two lieutenants to each, to keep order and regularity, and had forty pieces of cannon, ammunition and military stores, carpenters, and all kinds of tools and implements for a settlement on a large scale. April 27, '83, 6000 sailed in a fleet of eighteen square-rigged vessels, with several sloops and schooners to carry horses, protected by two men-of-war. They reached Port Roseway after a six days' passage, and chose a site for a town afterwards named Shelburn. They commenced operations with great regularity and energy. Hills were levelled, hollows filled up, trees eradicated, and towns laid out. For present accommodation, temporary huts and tents were erected. They had excellent fish and lobster from the Roseway. But late in autumn, an unwelcome addition was made: an inundation of refugees of an opposite character to the first settlers, was poured in from the colonies. These they felt obliged to admit in their communion. The population arose to 10,000, some say 14,000; but being remote from other settlements, and no roads, and the people unused to the mode of settling a wilderness, it rapidly declined; a great part of the Loyalists returned to their native land, and thus raised a great prejudice against Nova Scotia.—Haliburton, II. 192.

Sept. 29, '83, Gaine. The fleet for Nova Scotia, of thirty sail, put to sea yesterday. (See 288, 366.)

The feelings of the Loyalists within the British lines, may be judged

of from the following address to Sir Guy Carlton and Admiral Digby, at New-York, Aug. 10, '82:

"It is impossible for us to express the consternation with which we are struck, even on the probability of so calamitous an event as the independency of the thirteen provinces of America taking place. We cannot suppress our feelings on a point so exceedingly momentous to our future peace, safety and happiness.

"To preserve the British Dominions entire, and to evince our pure and disinterested affection for his Majesty's sacred person and government, we hesitated not to step forth and hazard our lives and fortunes, relying on assurances given us that we should never be deserted in a cause so just, and in distresses so great and overwhelming.

"But should the great event of the independency of the British colonies be determined, and we thereby have to encounter the most inexpressible misfortune of being for ever cast out from his Majesty's protection and government: we have only then to entreat your Excellencies' interposition with his Majesty, by every consideration of humanity, to secure, if possible, beyond the mere forms of treaty, our persons and properties; that such as think they cannot safely remain here, may be enabled to seek refuge elsewhere.-Rob. Amer. Gaz., Dec. 17, '82.

+ Town lots at Port Roseway, sixty by one hundred and twenty feet, sold for from ten to two hundred and fifty guineas each.

523. Most of the provincial regiments had lands assigned them in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Canada, &c.—Government granted three thousand acres of land to a field officer, and to others in proportion, who served in the provincial corps. It was supposed the Loyalists would erect saw-mills (in fact thirty-five were built since '83), and ship lumber and fish to the West Indies. A grant of one hundred and eight thousand acres in the town of Douglass, was made, 1784, to Lieut. Col. Small, for the location of the 2nd battalion of the 84th regiment, who were Americans enlisted while stationed on Long Island.-The British Legion (Tarlton's) settled, 1783, at Port Mauton, and built while snow was yet on the ground. They were forced to remove, from the barrenness of the soil. Their town, with all their effects, clothing, live stock and furniture, was consumed by fire. They would have died of famine, had not a King's ship been sent to their relief. (See 490, 519.)

524. Those who were once settled in their new homes,

anxious for more company, wrote home very flattering accounts.-Ed.

"St. John's Island, May 10, '83. The soil here is good, well wooded, and free from rocks. Climate so good, that fevers and agues are unknown; water excellent; harbors spacious; the rivers and bays abound in a great variety of shell and other fish."

A letter from Nova Scotia, August 30, '83, says: "Horses, hogs, cows, sheep, and poultry, are cheaper here than on Long Island. Bring all building materials with you.”

525. After a while, accounts from Nova Scotia became more discouraging, and we find the Loyalists, except those who had been in arms, gradually returning home, where they lived unmolested by the Whigs.-Ed.

"Port Roseway, Jan. 5, '84. All our golden promises are vanished in smoke. We were taught to believe this place was not barren and foggy, as had been represented, but we find it ten times worse. We have nothing but his Majesty's rotten pork and unbaked flour to subsist on. it, seeing it is so wooden a country? self, and you'll soon learn the reason. table clime that ever mortal set foot on. here."

'But can't you bake Only come here yourIt is the most inhospiLoosely keeps hotel

Dec. 22, '84, N. J. Gaz. We felicitate our countrymen on the arrival of seventeen families from Nova Scotia, 14th inst. Many more may be daily expected, as the pacific disposition of the Whigs entirely coincides with their sentiments.—Mar. 24, '85. Thirty Tories have returned from Nova Scotia to NewYork.-Oct. 12, '85. New Jersey swarms with Tories returned from Nova Scotia.

CELEBRATION OF PEACE.

526. Dec. 13, '83, Indep't Gaz. On Monday last, the glorious event of peace was celebrated by the Whig inhabitants of Queens county, at Jamaica. At sunrise, a volley was fired by the continental troops stationed in town, and the thirteen stripes displayed on a liberty pole, which had been erected for the purpose. At four o'clock, a number of the gentlemen of