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Unfortunately, I apparently have only one from the State of Pennsylvania, which happens to be from the Governor of that State. It is dated June 22, of last year, and apparently came just after the list which I submitted has been made up.

Mr. FLETCHER. Do you have anything from Ohio?

Dr. RICE. I am sure there are some from Ohio.

Mr. FLETCHER. I would like to have them included.

The CHAIRMAN. Would it not be advisable for Dr. Rice to submit a few typical requests, with a brief statement as to the number of requests that have come from various States, for the record, in order to avoid making the record too cumbersome?

Mr. FLETCHER. Has anyone, in any of the letters you have received, objected to the bill?

Dr. RICE. No letters, to my knowledge, objecting to the bill have appeared. To quote Mr. Roper in a general conversation with Mr. Austin a few days ago, it appears, that everybody is for the bill.

Mr. KINZER. The question the Congressman asked was whether any writers of the letters objected to the bill; but there has been no notice given of any bill until very recently.

Mr. ELLENBOGEN. I have received several letters on the subject. My bill has been introduced for some time, and none of the letters I received objected to the bill. They were in support of it. My resolution was introduced on January 17, and since that date I have received hundreds of letters on the subject. I have not received one letter against it. My resolution was introduced on January 17, and my bill was introduced on February 7. There has been no objection to this proposal that I have received.

Dr. RICE. Correcting my statement a moment ago, I think the Congressman asked me if I knew of any objection to the bill, and my answer was in terms of the purposes of the bill. There were objections of which the Bureau knows, raised against some technical aspects of Mr. Ellenbogen's bill, but there was none against its purpose or general character.

I suggest, if possible, the inclusion in the minutes of the following resolution of the American City Planning Institute, dated February 10, 1934.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it will be incorporated in the record.

(Said resolution is as follows:)

RESOLUTION OF AMERICAN CITY PLANNING INSTITUTE

FEBRUARY 10, 1934.

Whereas the members of the American City Planning Institute, which is a national organization composed of technicians in the field of city, regional, and State planning, have reason to know the value of the statistical information obtainable from the Federal census, which has been taken at intervals of 10 years, and to constantly make use of that information in connection with the planning problems with which they are called upon to deal; and

Whereas the basis of all planning, whether related to the physical, economic, social, or cultural phases of community or national development, should be accurate factual information on existing conditions, much of which information must in general be predicted upon the Federal census; and

Whereas the abnormal economic conditions of the past few years have resulted in important, though unknown, shifts in population and in changes affecting the industrial, commercial, and agricultural activities of the Nation is now impossible to estimate, which shifts and changes have rendered the previous census, that of 1930, now obsolete and in many respects inadequate; therefore, be it

Resolved, That the American City Planning Institute, after due consideration of the subject at the meeting of its membership held in Washington on February 10, 1934, urges that the administration and the Congress proceed immediately to take the necessary steps to provide for a national census to be taken approximately in the middle of the present 10-year census period or earlier if conditions make it advisable; and be it further

Resolved, That the sense of the meeting unanimously favors the adoption by Congress of an act substantially carrying out the provisions of the Ellenbogen bill; and be it further

Resolved, That for the purpose of securing due attention for the recommendation contained herein the president of this institue is instructed to send copies of this resolution to such officers of the national administration and of Congress and to such other persons as he may see fit.

JACOB L. CRANE, Jr.,

President American City Planning Institute.
WINTERS HAYDOCK,

Special Committee.
FLAVEL SHURTLEFF,
Secretary.

Dr. RICE. Also, I would like to include an excerpt from the minutes of the meeting of the Central Statistical Board, on March 8, 1934. The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it will be incorporated in the record at this point.

(The matter referred to is as follows:)

EXCERPT FROM THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE CENTRAL STATISTICAL BOARD ON MARCH 8, 1934

It was moved, seconded, and carried unanimously that the secretary be directed to transmit to the Secretary of Commerce the following resolution adopted by the board:

“Resolved that it is the considered opinion of this board:

“(1) That there is urgent need that a census of population and a census of occupation, employment, and unemployment be taken concurrently with the next census of agriculture;

"(2) That in view of all the circumstances involved these three censuses should be taken as of some day in November 1934, and preferably as of November 12, in accordance with the proposal of the Bureau of the Census; and

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'(3) That, while the relief of unemployment is an important reason for taking these censuses at this time, the primary consideration to be observed in the selection and control of personnel must be a high order of competence for census work, to the end that there shall be in all districts an accurate and adequate enumeration, completed with reasonable promptness."

Dr. RICE. I also submit a letter containing a resolution adopted by the American Statistical Association, at its meeting in Philadelphia, last September, the second such resolution adopted at succeeding annual meetings of the American Statistical Association. This was after the termination of my own term of office, and, therefore, it does not represent a personal but a purely associational interest. This letter is addressed to the President.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it will be incorporated in the record at this point.

(The matter referred to is as follows:)

President FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT,
White House, Washington, D.C.

AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION,

New York, January 10, 1934.

MY DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: The following resolution was unanimously adopted at the annual meeting of the American Statistical Association held in Philadelphia:

Resolved, That the American Statistical Association in view of the unusual movements of population resulting from the present depression, reaffirms its

58867-34-4

opinion, expressed by resolution at the annual meeting of 1932, in the desirability of a special census of population, to be taken intermediate between the decennial enumerations of 1930 and 1940, in conjunction with the quiquennial census of agriculture in 1934 or 1935. It hereby instructs its officers to bring this opinion to the attention of the proper authorities, and to take all steps available to them in behalf of the association to secure such a census.

Cordially yours,

DOROTHY BANGERT, Secretary's assistant.

Mr. AUSTIN. I would like to include in the record the statement that Dr. Rice, before he became connected with the Census Bureau was a member of the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, and he is on leave of absence now from the University of Pennsylvania. The CHAIRMAN. You may proceed, Dr. Rice.

Dr. RICE. I have a letter here from Prof. Robert E. Chaddock, chairman of a Conference of Population Experts called at the instance of the advisory committee on the census, which is composed in equal numbers of delegates or appointees of the American Economic Association and the American Statistical Association. This conference was called to discuss whether or not any method could be devised whereby the Bureau of the Census could continue to make its customary intercensusal estimates of population, which are employed as the basis for the calculation of all manner of rates in this country, particularly birth rates and death rates. I should say that the Bureau has reached the point where it feels that it cannot longer risk its reputation by making such estimates of population for any area less than the total area of the United States.

We cannot make estimates for States and minor civil divisions, the result of which is that there will be no accurate birth rates or death rates in this country. We already have many highly inaccurate and misleading rates. We dislike to lie down on that job of supplying the estimates upon which all per capita rates are based. We see no way of doing it ourselves, and the census advisory committee called this conference of the best experts of which it knew, which conference considered for a full day this problem. They passed back to the Census Bureau the suggestion of an experiment, the Bureau having no tangible proposal of its own, including the interesting proposal that there should be a population census in order that we could continue that series hitherto regularly made each year of population estimates. I would like to submit this letter for the record.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it will be incorporated at this point.

(The letter referred to is as follows:)

Hon. DANIEL C. ROPER,

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY,
New York, November 27, 1933.

Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. SECRETARY: In response to the request of the Director of the Census for advice on population estimates for post-censal years, Dr. Edmund E. Day, chairman of the advisory committee, called together a conference at the offices of the Social Science Research Council in New York, on November 18, for the purpose of considering methods of estimating population. Due to the unusual changes since the enumeration of 1930, estimates made by the Bureau of the Census for cities and minor civil divisions by methods employed in the past seemed utterly unreliable. The geographer of the census has been experimenting with other methods and desired advice before publishing the new estimates.

The following population experts were present: R. E. Chaddock,_Columbia University, presiding; L. I. Dublin, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.; H. P. Fairchild, president Population Association of America; L. J. Reed, the Johns

Hopkins University; F. H. Sterns, American Telegraph & Telephone Co.; W. S. Thompson, Scripps Foundation for Research on Population; W. F. Willcox, Cornell University; W. I. King, secretary American Statistical Association.

The deliverations of this conference continued throughout the day. The outstanding result of the discussion was the conclusion that estimates at the present time for cities and counties, made by any method suggested, are likely to be very unreliable.

The session ended by instructing the chairman to convey to you the conviction of all the members of the conference that a mid-decennial census of population, in connection with the quiquennial enumeration for agriculture, is the only satisfactory solution of the great uncertainty about our present population and its distribution in city and county. This enumeration will furnish a new base-line for correcting the faulty estimates made since 1930 and for making new estimates for the rest of the decade. Without it, much of our economic and social statistics will be useless or positively misleading.

Sincerely yours,

ROBERT E. CHADDOCK,
Chairman of the Conference.

Dr. RICE. The next is a letter from Mr. Henry Fletcher, of the firm of Fletcher & Brown, counselors at law, a very distinguished attorney of New York City. This letter recently came unsolicited to the Secretary of Commerce.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, it will be incorporated at this point.

(Said letter is as follows:)

DANIEL C. ROPER, Esq.,

Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D.C.

APRIL 5, 1934.

Dear Mr. SeCRETARY: In carrying through successfully the plans that are absolutely necessary because of the depression in this country, which has lasted since the fall of 1929, I feel it would be of untold value to be able to learn the effect which this depression has had on the people of this country. There is no efficient way in which this information can be obtained except through a census, which I believe should be made as soon as possible.

Yours respectfully,

HARRY FLETCHER.

Dr. RICE. The next is a letter from Dr. C. W. Pugsley, president of the South Dakota State College of Agriculture and Mechanic

Arts.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the letter will be included in the record at this point.

(Said letter is as follows:)

Hon. DANIEL C. ROPER,

SOUTH DAKOTA STATE COLLEGE,
Brookings, S.Dak., June 21, 1933.

Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D.C.

MY DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I understand that the possibility of an intermediate census of population and of agriculture is being discussed because of the unusual changes which are occurring in rural-urban migration, and I hope such a census can be taken. It seems to us here at State College, particularly to those who are engaged in the economic and sociology work, that such a census would be especially valuable.

Most sincerely yours,

C. W. PUGSLEY, President.

Dr. RICE. The next is a letter from Dr. E. H. L. Corwin, of the New York Academy of Medicine.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the letter will be incorporated at this point.

(The letter referred to is as follows:)

Dr. STUART A. RICE,

THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE,
New York, N. Y., December 14, 1933.

President American Statistical Association,

Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C.

MY DEAR DR. RICE: Demographic and pathometric studies have been a feature of the work of this committee, and it is due to this interest in vital statistics that the committee recently passed a resolution recording its belief that a middecennial population count should be made, in order to check upon the extent to which shifts of population have taken place since 1930. It is our understanding that authoritative opinion holds that no other method of estimating population would be accurate enough. We also understand that the census, if taken, will cover a smaller number of items than the usual population census. I should appreciate hearing from you what steps have been taken to secure the necessary legislation and appropriation to make the middecennial census possible.

Very truly yours,

E. H. L. CORWIN. P.S.-The enclosed copy of my paper, The Need of Pathometry, may be of interest to you.

Dr. RICE. The next is a letter from Elizabeth L. Brezee, vital statistician, office of the health commissioner of St. Louis.

The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the letter will be included in the record at this point.

(The letter referred to is as follows:)

Hon. DANIEL C. ROPER,

OFFICE OF THE HEALTH COMMISSIONER,
St. Louis, Mo., December 26, 1933.

Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D.C.

DEAR SIR: I wish to express my hope, and that of the health division of the city of St. Louis, for a special Federal census in 1934 or 1935. The conditions during the past few years have been so unusual that we feel greatly the need of an enumeration of the population at this time, in order that our vital statistics may be kept as nearly accurate as possible.

Yours sincerely,

ELIZABETH L. BREZEE,
Vital Statistician.

Dr. RICE. The next is a letter from Mr. Arthur G. Arnoll, secretary and general manager of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce. The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the letter will be incorporated in the record at this point.

(The letter referred to is as follows:)

Hon. DANIEL C. ROPER,

LOS ANGELES CHAMBER OF COMMERCE,
Los Angeles, Calif., December 9, 1933.

Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D.C.

DEAR SIR: We learn through correspondence with one of our department managers that you have under serious consideration the taking of a mid-decennial census of population. It is our understanding that such a census would naturally depend upon an act of Congress, but in addition to this that the backing of business organizations, as well as scientific groups of workers, is probably equally important.

Our information shows also that the American Statistical Association and a number of other scientific organizations have already gone on record as endorsing a mid-decennial population census in November 1934.

You will learn with interest that our chamber has already considered contacting the California State Legislature with a view to taking such a State-wide population census under Federal supervision in order that results might have complete acceptance by commercial and scientific workers as having the same authority as the regular decennial censuses.

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