Illuminating Engineering Practice: Lectures on Illuminating Engineering Delivered at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, September 20 to 28, 1916McGraw-Hill Book Company, Incorporated, 1917 - 578 halaman |
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Halaman 47
... Magnetite arc , clear globe . Incandescent electric tungsten , 1.25 watts per Gas - filled tungsten electric light filament . candle . Quartz tube , mercury vapor arc ....... Brightness in millilamberts 40,800,000 2,435,000 1,945,000 ...
... Magnetite arc , clear globe . Incandescent electric tungsten , 1.25 watts per Gas - filled tungsten electric light filament . candle . Quartz tube , mercury vapor arc ....... Brightness in millilamberts 40,800,000 2,435,000 1,945,000 ...
Halaman 132
... magnetite " or " metallic flame " arc lamp has become one of the leading street illuminants , especially since the ornamental types became available , while the multiple lamp used in industrial lighting is not now exploited ...
... magnetite " or " metallic flame " arc lamp has become one of the leading street illuminants , especially since the ornamental types became available , while the multiple lamp used in industrial lighting is not now exploited ...
Halaman 146
... flaming carbon elec- trode lamp and the luminous , magnetite or metallic arc lamps . The large variety of arc lamps now in active use is indicated by Fig . 11 , which shows the types of electrodes 146 ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING PRACTICE.
... flaming carbon elec- trode lamp and the luminous , magnetite or metallic arc lamps . The large variety of arc lamps now in active use is indicated by Fig . 11 , which shows the types of electrodes 146 ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING PRACTICE.
Halaman 148
... Magnetite , or Metallic Flame Arc Lamp . - While no radical changes have been made in these lamps since 1910 , the effi- ciency , steadiness and light control have been much improved . 27 An ornamental form has been developed which is ...
... Magnetite , or Metallic Flame Arc Lamp . - While no radical changes have been made in these lamps since 1910 , the effi- ciency , steadiness and light control have been much improved . 27 An ornamental form has been developed which is ...
Halaman 151
... magnetite electrode furnishes the arc stream material . Pendent Type A B cy D 4 Amp . D. C. Series Luminous Arc Lamp with High Efficiency Electrode A- Ornamental Type Equipped with B- Light Alba Globe Pendent Type Equipped with Carrara ...
... magnetite electrode furnishes the arc stream material . Pendent Type A B cy D 4 Amp . D. C. Series Luminous Arc Lamp with High Efficiency Electrode A- Ornamental Type Equipped with B- Light Alba Globe Pendent Type Equipped with Carrara ...
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ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING PRAC University of Pennsylvania,Illuminating Engineering Society Pratinjau tidak tersedia - 2016 |
Istilah dan frasa umum
accessories ęsthetic amount amperes angle arc lamp artificial light artistic average beam bowl bowl type brightness candle candle-power distribution carbon ceiling cent church color considerable cost curve dark daylight decorative density desirable diffusing globe direct lighting distance effect efficiency electric electrodes enamel enclosed equipment factor filament fixtures flame arc floor foot-candles gas mantle glare glass glassware height horizontal important incandescent lamps installation intensity interior light flux light sources lighting system lighting units lumens luminous luminous arc luminous flux Magnetite mantle Mazda measure method mirror obtained opal operating parabolic reflector photometer photometry placed plane practical prismatic problem produce proper reflection reflectors refractor satisfactory screen semi-indirect lighting shades shown in Fig solid angle space specular reflection sphere standard street lighting surface tion Trans tungsten lamps uniform usually vision walls watt window
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Halaman 37 - Symbols. — In view of the fact that the symbols heretofore proposed by this committee conflict in some cases with symbols adopted for electric units by the International Electrotechnical Commission, it is proposed that where the possibility of any confusion exists in the use of electrical and photometrical symbols, an alternative system of symbols for photometrical quantities should be employed. These should be derived exclusively from the Greek alphabet, for instance: Luminous intensity r Luminous...
Halaman 32 - I, of a point source of light is the solid angular density of the luminous flux emitted by the source in the direction considered; or it is the flux per unit solid angle from that source. Defining equation: . da or, if the intensity is uniform, fwhere u> is the solid angle.
Halaman 31 - K,,,, over any range of wave-lengths, or for the whole visible spectrum of any source, is the ratio of the total luminous flux (in lumens) to the total radiant power (in ergs per second, but more commonly in watts).
Halaman 35 - Mean horizontal candle-power of a lamp, — the average candlepower in the horizontal plane passing through the luminous center of the lamp. It is here assumed that the lamp (or other light source) is mounted in the usual manner, or, as in the case of an incandescent lamp, with its axis of symmetry vertical.
Halaman 112 - When auxiliary devices are necessarily employed in circuit with a lamp, the input should be taken to include both that in the lamp and that in the auxiliary devices. For example, the watts lost in the ballast resistance of an arc lamp are properly chargeable to the lamp. 889 The Specific Consumption of an electric lamp is its watt consumption per lumen. " Watts per candle " is a term used commercially in connection with electric incandescent lamps, and denotes, watts per mean horizontal candle-power.
Halaman 191 - In perfect diffuse reflection, the flux is reflected from the surface in all directions, in accordance with Lambert's cosine law. In most practical cases, there is a superposition of regular and diffuse reflection.
Halaman 33 - Brightness, b, of an element of a luminous surface from a given position, is the luminous intensity per unit area of the surface projected on a plane perpendicular to the line of sight, and including only a surface of dimensions negligibly small in comparison with the distance to the observer. It is measured in candles per square centimeter of the projected area.
Halaman 33 - For most purposes, the millilambert (0.001 lambert) is the preferable practical unit. A perfectly diffusing surface emitting one lumen per square foot will have a brightness of 1.076 millilamberts.
Halaman 34 - Coefficient of diffuse reflection is the ratio of the luminous flux reflected diffusely to the total incident flux. Defining equation: Let m be the coefficient of reflection (regular or diffuse). Then, for any given portion of the surface, E' m"H
Halaman 32 - Phot." One millilumen per square centimeter (milliphot) is a practical derivative of the cgs. system. One foot-candle is one lumen per square foot and is equal to 1.0764 milliphots. The milliphot is recommended for scientific records.