Table 23.-Access to present grade, by general nativity and race of father.-By "Access to present grade" is meant how the pupil was admitted in the fall of 1908 to the class he was in at the time the investigation was made. The pupils are separated into five groups, as follows:

1. Those who were admitted to the grade in "regular course," that is, either by promotion from a lower grade in the same school or as a pupil entering school for the first time.

2. Those who were admitted by transfer from another public school in the same city.

3. Those who were admitted by transfer from a public school elsewhere than in the city in which they lived at the time of the investigation.

4. Those who were admitted by transfer from a "private" school. "Private" school, as here used, includes all kinds of schools other than public schools. 5. Those who had failed of promotion at the end of the previous school year. In the section of the table relating to retardation, groups 2, 3, and 4 are combined under the heading "By transfer." Under each of the three groups which remain is shown the proportion of pupils 8 years of age or over who are retarded.

Table 24. Access to present grade, by race of father; foreign-born pupils only. This table is similar to Table 23 in every respect except that it relates only to foreign-born pupils.

PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES AND KINDERGARTENS..

In connection with the general investigation of public-school pupils all grade and kindergarten teachers were requested to furnish information concerning themselves, as follows:

Grade taught.
Sex.

Place of birth.

Years in United States, if born abroad.

Country of birth of father.
Race of father.

Years engaged in teaching.

This information was not requested from high-school teachers, solely for the reason that the forms showing information for highschool pupils were usually filled out by the principals and not by the individual teachers.

Data for teachers in the public schools were secured from 30 cities, as follows:

Los Angeles, Cal.
Lowell, Mass.
Lynn, Mass.
Manchester, N. H.
Meriden, Conn.
Milwaukee, Wis.
Minneapolis, Minn.
Newark, N. J.
New Orleans, La.
New York, N. Y.

These cities are those in which the general

in public schools was conducted.

Philadelphia, Pa.
Pittsburg, Pa.
Providence, R. I.
St. Louis, Mo.
San Francisco, Cal.
Scranton, Pa.
Shenandoah, Pa.
South Omaha, Nebr.
Worcester, Mass.
Yonkers, N. Y.

investigation of pupils

The summary table which follows shows for each of the 30 cities included the number of teachers of each general nativity and race for whom information was secured.