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POPULATION, REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, &C.

CENSUS.-1840.

POPULATION OF THE STATES AND TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

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White persons inclunded in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb, under 14 years of age..

66

1,919

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66

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of 14 over 25

and under 25

2,056

2,7002

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blind..

5.024

66

insane and idiots at the public charge..

4.329

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private charge..

10,179

Total number of persons employed in mining.

15,203

agriculture

3,717,756

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commerce

117,575

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791,545

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Slaves and colored persons included in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb.

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Total number of pensioners for revolutionary or military services..
Number of white persons over 20 years of age who cannot read and write....

CENSUS OF INDIANS RESIDING WITHIN THE BORDERS OF THE U. STATES.

977

66

blind

1,892

insane and idiots at private charge.
public charge.

2,093

833

20,797

549,693

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REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF THE UNITED STATES, FOR THE

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15

THE PAST AND THE FUTURE.

THE year 1844, just ended, has witnessed over to the opposite party; thousands were one of the most extraordinary Political contests Naturalized expressly to oppose Nativism, that ever occurred. So nice and equal a bal- and voted the Polk tickets mainly to that end; ance of parties, so universal and intense an in- thousands more, we have good reason to beterest, so desperate and protracted a struggle, lieve, voted that way without being naturalare entirely without parallel. The result, ized at all. Mr. Polk on this single question though showing a large preponderance of gained more than enough votes in the State of Electoral Votes for the victorious party, exhib-New-York to elect him.

its no corresponding disparity of moral or nu- But all the losses sustained by the Whigs merical strength. James K. Polk is chosen through Fraudulent Voting, with the diverPresident by less than an absolute majority of sions from their ranks by Abolition and repugthe People's Votes. Allow him Fifty Thou-nance to Nativism, would have been unavailsand more than Clay, in a Vote of Three Mil-ing, had the People been permitted to know lions, and there are still to be considered the what were the main questions in difference Sixty-odd Thousand votes thrown away on between the two great parties, and so to dethe Birney or Abolition ticket-every one op-cide intelligently upon them. But this Locoposed to Polk's views on the Texas Question, Focoism resisted and prevented. It could and nine-tenths of them in favor of the Protec- not do otherwise and not be beaten. Theretion of Home Industry, and Whigs in every fore, while its public meetings, its speakers, thing but their Political hostility to Slavery. its journals, in the South, were open, bold and So that, while one party has secured the Of- ardent in their advocacy of the Immediate fices and the Executive power, there is a clear Annexation of Texas to this Country, regardpopular majority for the Principles and Mca-less of consequences, this question was widesures of its antagonist. ly declared at the North to be by no means

But this is only an item. James K. Polk distinctly or decisively in issue. The Eveowes his election to the Birney or Liberty ning Post, the most respectable and influential Party. Had there been no such party, draw- Polk paper in this City, repudiated the issue ing its votes nine-tenths from the Whig ranks, and opposed Annexation. Silas Wright, who Mr. Clay would have received at least the had powerfully opposed the Texas Treaty in votes of New-York and Michigan, in addition the Senate, was made the Polk candidate for to those actually cast for him, giving him 146 Governor of New York, by which nomination votes to Polk's 129. To Birney and Co. there-the Van Buren anti-Texas men were drawn fore, is the Country indebted for the election into the support of Polk, New-York carried of Polk, and an Annexation, anti-Tariff ascen- for him, and his election secured. Thus while dency in the Federal Government. Texas gained for Polk the votes of Georgia

Yet Abolition alone could not have made a and Louisiana, the game was so played as not sufficient diversion in favor of Loco-Focoism to lose him a single Northern vote.

to defeat Mr. Clay. Native Americanism, or On the Tariff question the fraud planned the apprehension studiously inculcated by and perpetrated to prevent a clear popular? Mr. Polk's partisans that the Whigs, if suc-verdict was still more glaring. In the first? cessful, would abolish or greatly restrict the place, a resolution, which might be interpreted? privilege of becoming citizens now accorded to mean any thing or nothing, was passed at to Immigrants from Foreign Countries, struck the Convention by which Polk and Dallas us a hard blow. Thousands of Adopted Citi- were nominated. The Free Traders interzens, heretofore Whigs, were impelled to go preted it as declaring hostility to all Protective?

Legislation. The Tariff men in the party re-jup to the Nation as a gambler, a profane? garded it as meaning practically just nothing swearer, and a general profligate in morals at all. Thus both were satisfied. Coming and life, while those who had through twenty before the People, those of the Cotton States years supported and idolized Crawford and were assured that Mr. Polk was a genuine Jackson, each of whom had killed his man in Free Trader, and his votes and speeches in personal encounter, while Jackson had tried? Congress and on the stump were cited to hard to kill the two Bentons without even the prove it. At the same time, Pennsylvania formalities of a combat, were horrified at Mr. and other Tariff States were assured that Polk Clay's bloodless and regretted duels! The was for moderate and reasonable Protection contest was widely represented as one beto Home Industry, and a letter from him to tween a dueling and an anti-dueling candidate, John K. Kane of Philadelphia (the only avow-and thousands were on this ground induced? al of principle he made for the public eye' to vote against their own views of National after his nomination) was produced to prove Policy and practical beneficence. If an unit. This letter was written after the pattern just seizure of foreign territory, resulting in? of the Baltimore Resolution aforesaid, and, war and ten thousand deaths, shall be the rewhile it looked toward a Protective Tariff, sult of this squeamishness, on whom will rest was cautiously worded so as not to give um- the responsibility? brage to the Free Traders. Thus Georgia But Calumny and Fraud have done their and Alabama supported Mr. Polk as the conwork, and Mr. Clay is defeated. That is the sistent, uncompromising enemy of the Protective Policy, while Pennsylvania and the extent of the verdict. Would that its conseWool-growing or Manufacturing sections of quences might extend no farther than their New-York and other Free States were assu-tended to decide against a Protective Tariff authors intended! The People have not inred that he was as favorable to Protection as nor in favor of the Annexation of Texas; and Mr. Clay! In Pittsburgh and vicinity, he yet both these are among the probable results was even commended as more favorable to of Polk's election. The Sub-Treasury proProtection than his great competitor! No exject, if there be any sincerity and consistency penditure of sophistry or falsehood was deemin the victors, must also be revived and pressed too great to cover this weak point of their ed upon the Country. Mr. Polk stands exline of defence. The success was such as illpressly and publicly committed to it; his chief deserving often meets in the outset. The ap-advisers are Calhoun, Van Buren, Woodbury, prehensions of the Tariff section of the party &c. Pride of opinion and the taunts of the were entirely lulled to rest, and Mr. Polk received large majorities in nearly every Iron County of New-York, New-Jersey and Pennsylvania. Let us see the end before we conclude that such iniquity has prospered.

more reckless Destructives will probably compel 'the party,' however reluctantly, to mareh up to the line of its former professions. Those, therefore, who hope for a quiet, peaceful, conservative Administration, are doomed to And yet so palpable was the cheat prac-disappointment. Mr. Polk is not the man to ticed upon the Tariff section of Mr. Polk's rise superior to the circumstances by which supporters that it seemed hardly possible that he finds himself surrounded. He will submit it should succeed. No intelligent man could to be moulded and governed by them. He be deceived by it, and even the ignorant sus- must carry Proscription down to low water? pected while they yielded to it. But the old mark, for the hungry pack behind him will prejudices, the old hatreds, the old slanders, have it so. He must press the Annexation of against Mr. Clay, were vehemently invoked, Texas, for those who forced his nomination at and new and grosser calumnies were invent- Baltimore regard this as the primary consid ed for the occasion, to be credited on the eration, and chose him for his known devotion strength of the old ones. Mr. Clay was held to their darling scheme. He must do his best

1840. 1842. 1843. 1844. Whig.Loco. Whig.Loco. Whig. Loco. Clay. Polk. 40 250....93 179....36 310....37 1007. The vote for Polk exceeds the whole num

to undermine and overthrow the Protective hold Plaquemines, an old Parish, not rapidly features of the Tariff, all the time talking increasing its population, lying below Newsmooth generalities and specious clap-trap Orleans, toward the mouth of the Mississippi. about 'equalizing the burthens of the Govern-Here the vote has been swelled after this exment,' 'equal Protection,' 'correcting the ex-traordinary fashion: cesses of former legislation,' &c. while sapping the great bulwark of the National well-being. In short, the new Administration will be compelled, by the original sin attending its con-ber of white males of all ages in the Parish in ception, to war at once upon the Public Inte-1840, although Louisiana exacts a Property rests and the Public Faith. qualification of her voters! And the excessWhat, then, is the duty of the Whigs?-ive majority for Polk over that given for his Evidently, to stand fast by their Principles party at any former Election has given him and their Country, They should offer no fac- the vote of the State. In other words-if tious opposition to the new dynasty-no op- Plaquemines had given no more than her honest vote, the Electoral Vote of Louisiana position for opposition's sake. But they would have been cast for Clay. should renew and perfect their organization, That this vote of Plaquemines was abominabe vigilant in the diffusion of facts and argu-bly fraudulent rests on no inference or calcu ments bearing on the great questions which lation. John Gibney, steward of the steammust continue to divide the Country, maintain from New-Orleans with a full load of passenboat Agnes, swears that the boat went down their ascendency wherever the majority is gers, under the charge of Judge Leonard, (the with them, and strengthen their ranks in Con- great man of Plaquemines;) that he himself, a minor, not residing in Plaquemines, being gress so far as possible. To these ends no persuaded by the Captain, voted three times noisy or vehement effort is requisite. Let at different Polls in that Parish-every time them but adhere firmly to their principles and for Polk and Dallas. Dr. J. B. Wilkinson, a their measures, discarding all solicitations to voter of Plaquemines, swears that he noticed that the Polls were opened before the legal disband and adopt new names and new pur-hour, rad were then surrounded by a crowd Thus prepared, thus guarded, let of strangers, one of whom he ventured to chalthem patiently, hopefully bide their time.-lenge; but, as the Clerk reached out the book, The punishment of the temporarily successful frauds and deceptions of 1844 cannot fail to be signal and certain.

poses.

the Sheriff pulled it away, declaring that nobody should be sworn! After this the foreign votes went in pell-mell. Alfred Vail, a passenger, and E. Seymour Austin, pilot of the Agnes, swear to a state of facts within their knowledge similar to that sworn to by John Gibney. Albert Savage, Engineer of the If any man doubts that systematic, enor-steamboat Planter, swears that his boat went? mous, atrocious frauds were perpetrated in down with one hundred and forty Loco-Focos) our late Election, and that James K. Polk is from New-Orleans, who voted after the fashion

Were the Whigs beaten by Fraud?

chosen President by virtue of these frauds, we ask his attention to the following facts:

above described; but when he offered a vote

it being a Clay one-it was refused, the Sheriff saying he would swear him! Paul Cormen testifies that he went with other? Whigs to vote, but were deterred by seeing Charles Bruland driven out of the voting room, wounded, bloody, and without his hat, having been beaten by the Sheriff for offering

The total vote of Louisiana in the vehement contest of 1840 was 18,912; in the late Election it was 26.295-an increase of about thirty five per cent Accordingly, it will be found by a scrutiny of the Parish returns that the & Whig vote. There being a large Loco-Foco mob around the Polls, excited, swearing and increase averages very nearly that ratio a threatening, the few Whigs were obliged to little higher in the new and rapidly growing leave without voting. Parishes; a little lower in those that are old This is the way one State was carried for and stationary; though the strong Loco-Foco Polk and Dallas. Had we room, we could satisfy any candid mind that New-York was Parishes are apt to swell their vote the most. carried by means equally foul and flagitious. The single exception is the Loco Foco strong--Can such victories profit the winners?

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