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TURKEY

EFFORTS BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE TO OBTAIN RATIFICATION OF THE TREATIES CONCLUDED ON AUGUST 6, 1923-Continued

Date and

Number

1924 Dec. 18

To President Coolidge

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Dec. 29

1925 Jan. 10

Importance of securing a proper basis upon which to protect American interests in Turkey through the early ratification of the treaties.

From the Secretary of Commerce

Attention called to importance from viewpoint of American commerce of prompt ratification of treaties with Turkey, to existence already of tariff discrimination in Turkey in favor of Allies, and to complaints of tariff difficulties by merchants in Turkey and by American exporters.

To Senator William E. Borah

Report of American High Commissioner in Turkey that the chief representatives of American business and philanthropic organizations in Turkey unanimously favor immediate ratification of the treaties with Turkey.

727

729

EFFORTS TO PROTECT AMERICAN INTERESTS IN TURKEY PENDING RATIFICATION OF THE TREATY OF AUGUST 6, 1923

1924 Apr. 15 (71)

Apr. 21 (69)

Apr. 27 (81)

May 6

(92)

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Conferences with Turkish officials during visit at Angora, April 7 to 13, in which Commissioner discussed American and Turkish interests with respect to business and benevolent institutions and the great necessity of having all future issues settled by investigation and without such arbitrary action as the closing of institutions; Commissioner's belief that relations he has established will in the future facilitate protection of American interests.

To the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Instructions to telegraph observations and conclusions regarding Turkish attitude toward American interests and toward treaties with United States and their ratification, and regarding the stability of the Turkish Government and its willingness to fulfill its international obligations.

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Enumeration of new incidents and difficulties which have arisen in respect of American interests, although Turkish representatives in conferences at Angora expressed a friendly attitude toward American interests. Opinion that the Turkish Government is stable and can fulfill its international obligations, and that it will ratify the treaties as soon as the United States has done so.

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Opinion that the added weight which might be given his representations by early ratification of the treaties by the Senate is not of sufficient importance to lead to their submission to the Senate before the Department considers such action opportune. Assertion that, pending ratification of the treaties, he can suggest no plan for protecting American interests save the opportunist and defensive policy being pursued.

730

730

731

732

TURKEY

EFFORTS TO PROTECT AMERICAN INTERESTS IN TURKEY PENDING RATIFICATION OF THE TREATY OF AUGUST 6, 1923-Continued

Date and

Number

Subject

Page

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From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Brief summaries of cases pending. Request for authorization to go to Angora and confer with Ismet Pasha, and for instructions as to the extent to which the American Government would be prepared to go in addition to remonstrating and placing diplomatic protests on record. Opinion that the situation is graver than at any time during his service as High Commissioner.

To the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Authorization to visit Angora to confer with Ismet Pasha, intimating to him that the U. S. Government may find it expedient to replace the High Commissioner with a subordinate official as its representative in Turkey and that it is a matter of personal regret for the Secretary to see the unsatisfactory turn events have taken in Turkey.

From the High Commissioner in_Turkey (tel.)

Conference, August 7, with Ismet Pasha regarding serious situation, presenting memoranda of most important cases pending and aide-mémoire (text printed) appealing to his sense of justice to secure favorable action.

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Foreign Office note, September 28 (text printed) stating that, pending the ratification of the treaties, authority will not be given American citizens to purchase (acquérir) real property. Request for authorization to answer the note by referring to the protocol of 1874 and reserving rights of American citizens under that protocol to hold property.

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Estimation of the situation regarding questions pending,
representations to Ismet nearly 2 months ago having been only
partially successful. Recommendation that, for the present,
the policy of patience and plain speaking be continued.
To the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Approval in general of recommendations as to policy.

To the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Instructions for delegate at Angora to take up question of transfer of real property and make representations regarding discrimination against Americans with respect to rights which existing agreements clearly define.

From the High Commissioner in Turkey (tel.)

Telegram from the delegate at Angora, November 2 (text printed) reporting that representations had been made, but that little hope was held out for a satisfactory adjustment.

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TURKEY

ASSURANCES TO GREAT BRITAIN THAT THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT WOULD DISCOUNTENANCE THE SHIPMENT OF ARMS TO TURKEY

Date and

Number

Subject

Page

1923 Nov. 13 (965)

Dec. 6

1924 Apr. 5 (314)

Apr. 15 (155)

From the British Chargé

Desire that the United States aid Great Britain in the provisional application to Turkey of the arrangements contemplated in article 6 of the Arms Traffic Convention of September 1919, by preventing arms reaching or being manufactured in Turkey through action of U. S. citizens, both through reciprocity and through U. S. declared policy made public September 27, 1923.

To the British Chargé

Expression of doubt as to efficacy of agreement in question; assurance, however, that the American Government will decline to sell war supplies in troubled areas of Near East or to support its nationals in efforts to sell or to promote manufacture of such in Turkey.

From the British Ambassador

Notification that Great Britain has been obliged to postpone any further attempt to secure provisional application to Turkey of article 6 of the Arms Traffic Convention of 1919, having failed to secure unanimity among Governments concerned; and that Great Britain proposes to remove its embargo on the export of arms and munitions to Turkey.

To the Ambassador in Great Britain

Transmittal of British note with reference to the removal of the British embargo on the export of arms and munitions to Turkey. Information that the Department perceives no reason for altering its policy at the present time.

739

741

742

743

APPOINTMENT OF AN AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE TO PARTICIPATE IN A CONSULTATIVE CAPACITY IN THE WORK OF THE SANITARY COMMISSION FOR TURKEY

1924 July 21 (636)

From the British Ambassador

Aug. 29

Invitation to appoint a delegate to represent the United States on the Sanitary Commission to be established under article 116 of the treaty of July 24, 1923, between Turkey and the Allied Powers.

(Footnote: Information that identic notes were received from the French and Italian Chargés.)

To the British Ambassador

Inability of United States to designate a member of the Sanitary Commission with authority to participate in its decisions, as the Council of the League of Nations is to be the final authority on questions presented to the Commission. Desire to designate a representative to participate in the Commission in a consultative capacity and to enter appropriate reservations regarding American interests should occasion arise.

(Sent, mutatis mutandis, to the French and Italian Chargés.)

743

744

TURKEY

APPOINTMENT OF AN AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE TO PARTICIPATE IN A CONSULTATIVE CAPACITY IN THE WORK OF THE SANITARY COMMISSION FOR

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(891)

Subject

Acceptance of suggestion that the United States appoint a representative to participate in the Sanitary Commission in a consultative capacity.

Page

745

(Footnote: Information that similar notes were received from the French and Italian Chargés.)

745

Oct. 23

To the Consul General at Constantinople (tel.)

Instructions to cooperate with Surgeon W. W. King of the U. S. Public Health Service, who has been designated to participate in consultative capacity in meeting of proposed Sanitary Commission at Constantinople.

GERMANY

INSISTENCE BY THE UNITED STATES UPON ITS RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF GERMAN REPARATION PAYMENTS UNDER THE DAWES PLAN1

462.00 R 296/176: Telegram

The Secretary of State to the Ambassador in France (Herrick)

[Paraphrase]

WASHINGTON, February 23, 1924—5 p. m. 58. L-50, for Logan.2 From the information in the hands of the Department on the proposed basis of report of the first committee,3 it appears that American rights may be adversely affected in two particulars, viz., reimbursement of Army costs and payment of claims adjudicated by the Mixed Claims Commission under the agreement of August 10, 1922, with Germany.*

The Army Costs Agreement of May 25, 1923,5 was negotiated and signed on the assumption that German reparation payments would, in some measure, continue to be made. A moratorium was thought of only in connection with a loan or anticipatory payments by Germany and in those circumstances the Allies undertook to communicate with this Government for the purpose of reaching an agreement which would not cause any prejudice to the Government of the United States. If now a moratorium is recommended, and if current army costs are exempted from it, an arrangement should also be made for excepting a certain definite amount as an annual payment on account of American Army costs, say a twelfth of the total under the agreement of May 25. The equity of the position of

For previous correspondence concerning German reparations, see Foreign Relations, 1923, vol. II, p. 46.

For reports of the committees of experts, see Great Britain, Cmd. 2105: Reports of the Expert Committees Appointed by the Reparation Commission; also "Report of Committees of Experts to Reparation Commission," Federal Reserve Bulletin, May 1924. For proceedings of the London Conference and texts of agreements adopted, see Great Britain, Cmd. 2270, Miscellaneous No. 17 (1924): Proceedings of the London Reparation Conference July and August 1924. The agreements are also printed in Great Britain, Cmd. 2259, Treaty Series No. 36 (1924).

'James A. Logan, Jr., American unofficial representative on the Reparation Commission.

International committee of experts appointed by the Reparation Commission to report on Germany's budget and currency; see telegram no. 535, Dec. 21, 1923, from the Ambassador in France, Foreign Relations, 1923, vol. I, p. 108. 'Ibid., 1922, vol. I, p. 262.

'Ibid., 1923, vol. I, p. 180.

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