6. It is thoroughly ethical to decline to accept goods delayed beyond the time specified, provided that an acceptance of the same would cause loss to the purchaser. It is unethical to decline goods on delayed delivery if no loss has, or will, result from such delay.

7. Terms of payment governing purchases shall be carried out to the letter. Discounts for cash can be taken only if payment is made within the time limit specified.

8. Goods shall not be returned after a lapse of unreasonable time and no errors in purchasing shall be corrected by rejection of goods on invented falsities.

9. All goods received in error or in excess of those billed and all undercharges shall be promptly reported in the same manner as incorrect charges and overcharges.

10. Any complaint as to quality, or quantity, shall be reported immediately by the purchaser.

11. It is wrong to seek to obtain redress in any adjustment by threat to discontinue business relations.

12. A purchasing agent of the manufacturer shall not accept any gratuity, commissions, allowance, or any indirect profit in connection with any purchases.

Section 3: Relations with Fellow Manufacturers

1. A Manufacturer shall establish and maintain intimate, cordial, friendly relations with other manufacturers and shall practice clean and honorable competition.

2. A Manufacturer should invite inspection of his plant, reference to his cost data, systems and methods of operations by his fellow manufacturers on a reciprocal basis, so that the entire industry may increase in efficiency through the interchange of information and methods.

3. No false or disparaging statement or harmful rumors respecting a competitors product, his selling prices, or his business, financial or personal standing, shall be circulated by the Manufacturer, or any of his employes.

4. It is not ethical to simulate a trademark, trade name, patent, slogan, or advertising matter of a competitor.

5. No agreement shall be entered into with any other manufacturer to fix, or regulate prices, for labor or materials, or raise or maintain, or bring about a uniformity of prices, or in any way combine in restraint of trade by division of territory or allotment of customers.

6. It is unethical to obtain competitors prices, samples or models, through request for the same by a bogus prospective

customer.

7. No manufacturer shall solicit the cancellation of orders previously placed with other manufacturers and shall consider an order placed with a competitor as a closed incident.

8. No employe of one manufacturer shall directly, or indirectly, be offered employment by another manufacturer without the consent of the foremen. But this rule shall not prevent negotiations with any one who, of his own initiative, or in response to public advertisement shall apply for employment.

9. A Manufacturer should scrupulously avoid price cutting without regard to cost, or to the lowering of profits in the industry to dangerous levels.

Section 4: Relations with Customers

1. Misrepresentations, or misbranding of merchandise, or materials is distinctly dishonest.

2. The Manufacturer shall not take advantage of any customer's ignorance, and shall see that his employes are truthful, that no misrepresentation of merchandise, or overcharge of the same shall be permitted and that the keen buyer and the confiding buyer shall be treated alike.

3. The Manufacturer shall so train his salesmen that they will be more than mere order takers and through them be able to offer to their customers suitable suggestions after due consideration of individual requirements and to give suggestions and advice so that they may purchase wisely.

4. The Manufacturer shall not knowingly overload his customers with goods, nor shall they knowingly allow them to purchase goods not suitable for their stores without a word of caution. 5. All just claims for goods leaving the Factory in damaged conditions or giving unsatisfactory wear or service because of faulty construction, should be promptly and satisfactorily adjusted. 6. Unjust returns of merchandise; unfair requests for exchanges; deduction of excessive discount; unfair cancellations and all other sharp practices should be vigorously contested.

7. The Manufacturer shall not take unfair advantage of customers by profiteering in season of great demand, short supply, or in other emergencies, but shall be as prompt to ship orders in full on a rising market as he would on a falling one.

8. Equal service and consideration shall be given to all customers whether large or small.

9. Accepted orders shall be filled in accordance with the terms of their sale as far as is reasonably possible to do so. 10. Merchandise shall be strictly as represented in

materials, workmanship, quality, methods, place of manufacture,

etc.

11. Truth in advertising shall prevail.

Section 5: Regarding the Making and Execution of Contracts. 1. All contracts between employer and employe, buyer and seller, as well as all others, shall be simple in offer and acceptance, sufficiently formal to be valid with the consideration concisely expressed and with an object unquestionably legal. All obscure language and useless verbiage should be avoided and no so-called "joker" clauses inserted.

2. No contract should be signed without a careful reading and a full understanding of all of its provisions. It is not an ethical defence for Manufacturer to claim that the contract, or sales agreement, was signed "without reading."

3. The terms of the contract and sales agreement shall be carried out according to the spirit, as well as to the letter of the same.

4. The word of mouth contract should be considered as valid as the written one and should be as faithfully carried out. 5. It is inequitable and unjust to inject into contracts any phrase, or clause, or sentence to which more than one interpretation can be given.

Section 6: Relations with the General Public and with the

Government

1. It is an improper practice to engage in any movement which is obviously contrary to law or public welfare.

2. The Manufacturer shall have lively interest in all that relates to the civic welfare of his community, and to join and support the local civic and commercial associations. He should participate in those movements for public betterment in which his special training, knowledge and experience, qualify him to act. 3. The Manufacturer should welcome every opportunity to disseminate practical and useful information relative to the Garment business in order to provide the public with a correct understanding of this industry, and also to refute untrue, unfair, or exaggerated statements regarding the industry, appearing in the public press or elsewhere.

4. The Manufacturer shall inform himself on the provision and decision in regard to all tax matters so that his report will comply with both the letter and spirit of the law, and be found correct by Government Inspectors.

5. The Manufacturer owes it to himself and to the industry as a whole to be informed concerning the local State and

National laws regarding the Garment Manufacturing business, and shall always co-operate with the proper authorities in the enforcement of such existing laws.

6. The Manufacturer shall also interest himself in all proposed legislation affecting the clothing industry, study its provisions, justice and fairness, and taking measures in connection with others to see that the best interest and welfare of the industry is safeguarded.

Section 7: Obligation to the Observance of the Code

1. Members of the International Association of Garment Manufacturers shall at all times seek to elevate the standards of the industry by practicing the ethical standards set forth in this Code and by their example inspiring others in the Industry to do likewise.

2. Each member who conducts his business so that his own honor will never be besmirched by his own act or omission, will aid in maintaining the honor of the entire Garment Manufacturing Industry.

3. The adoption of this Code by the International Association of Garment Manufacturers places an obligation on all its members to a sincere and faithful performance of the rules of conduct so set down.

CLOTHING, RETAIL

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RETAIL CLOTHIERS
AND FURNISHERS

Adopted Sep. 12, 1922:

CODE OF ETHICS

For the purpose of standardizing and giving uniformity to accepted ethical business methods, this declaration is published. It is what we conceive to be our duty toward all men with whom we deal; that an avowal of, and attachment for the progress of these principles, is required as a basis for membership in the National Association of Retail Clothiers and Furnishers.

We admit that the corner-stone of Commerce is integrity; that the assets of any commercial institution consist of honesty and business character first-and after that, service and merchandise.

We hold paramount the truth that advertising is a covenant with the public; that the spoken or printed word is as binding on performance as an oath in a judicial tribunal, as sacred as the personal pledge.

It is our constant aim to so administer the affairs of this institution that individual service to the consumer is not diminished or minimized by reason of volume of trade; that interested, personal service, based on the needs and requirements of the individual, is our first duty and chiefest task.

Mutual exchange of confidence between buyer and seller is essential. We affirm that the history of any article of merchandise concealed beneath trade expressions or symbols (the meaning of which leads the buyer to form an opinion more favorable than would obtain without such disguise) is unfair to the buyer, and therefore contrary to our ethics.