sible public service involving the life, safety, comfort and convenience of his own and coming generations, and that in response to these he should so conduct himself as to be appreciative of his indebtedness to his profession for his opportunity and make return by every effort, by a life of special usefulness devoid of unseemly greed, and filled, if possible, with a multitude of those small courtesies, the practice of which encourages the spirit of forbearance and is helpfully conducive to the fine art of living well together. ENGRAVING ENGRAVOGRAPHIA Approved July 7, 1921: TRADE CUSTOMS AND ETHICS "We hold it to be the Duty of every man engaged in business to at least try to co-operate with others in an endeavor to build up and improve the business that affords him a livelihood, to aid effectively in establishing proper trade customs and fair competitive conditions, and to Refrain from all practices and customs that are obviously injurious to the business as a whole." 1. In the conduct of our business and in our relations with our competitors, our customers and our employes, justice and fair dealing should characterize every transaction. We must prove to our competitors that we are as sincere and honest in all matters as we wish them to be. 2. We must refrain from and discourage the practice of disparaging the equipment, output or personnel of a competitor. Rather, maintain such an attitude toward competitors as will enable you to meet them and discuss frankly the means whereby the objects of Engravographia may be advanced. 3. Every member of Engravographia shall be accorded the widest liberty of individual action not inconsistent with the best interests of all, and this association distinctly leaves to the determination of each member all questions of selling prices, labor, hours and wages, and avows its position in such matters to be that of the strictest observance of the law, but we realize that only through exact knowledge of the cost of production can employing engravers sell on a fair margin of profit, and this association specifically urges that every member learn his cost of production so that he may deal fairly with the public, with himself, and his competitors. 4. We recommend the retention of all commercial engravings, in fact, all other engravings except personal card plates. 5. We advise against competitive or free sketches. 6. As questions constantly arise as to the responsibility of engravers for delayed shipments or for loss or damage to goods in transit, we recommend that engraving houses generally refuse to assume responsibility on this account. The courts hold that the shipper's responsibility ceases as soon as goods are delivered in good order and condition at shipping point and receipt therefor taken, the senders or shippers having no legal claim after goods are delivered to carriers properly consigned, as the ownership has passed to the consignee. 7. The indiscriminate distribution of samples to trade customers or middlemen is an evil for which we are partly responsible. We recommend that a proper charge be made when samples are sent to new customers; credit may be allowed after the customer has shown his good faith by sending a sufficient amount of orders to justify the expense. 8. In the realization that high business standards are to be attained through the education of our members, we must each maintain an open mind toward all things which tend to better business practices. 9. We must strive for quality and service in our own establishments and use these rather than lower prices as selling arguments. 10. Hiring employes away from a competitor, or inducing them by other means to leave his service must be recognized as a sure way to invite reprisal and a general demoralization of labor conditions. It is unquestionably the right of the workman to use all reasonable efforts to better his condition but employers should consider the general good as well as their own before they become bidders for an employe's services. 11. "A fair wage for a fair day's work" should be the governing thought in arriving at the rates of pay for our employes, having also due regard to general living conditions. Securing a fair profit on all work we do is doubly necessary for the protection of the employer and the just remuneration of the workman, that he may maintain himself under such proper living conditions as will conduce to good citizenship and good workmanship. 12. We should recognize that only by training all the apprentices which conditions allow, can there be maintained a sufficient body of trained workmen in this growing industry, and that it is the duty of every employer to do his share in this most important work. Therefore, the selection of apprentices should. not be left to chance, but rather be given the careful study of the employer himself, to the end that the industry be not harmed by the introduction of unsuitable or undesirable men, and when an apprentice is taken into the shop, much care should be taken in seeing that he be properly trained and given the opportunity to become a thoroughly proficient workman. 13. Intensive competition for business established by your competitor should be discouraged as it has a tendency to tear down what another has built up, but competition in developing new business is to be commended and should be encouraged. 14. And finally, let the employing engraver be ever diligent in business, and jealous of its good name; ever mindful of the rights of others; as ready to take blame as to place it on others; courteous and considerate of others, particularly if they be less fortunate than himself; all to the end that our chosen business may be known as a genteel business as well as a fairly prosperous one. FARM IMPLEMENTS, MANUFACTURE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FARM EQUIPMENT Formerly Nat. Implement and Vehicle Assn. Adopted CODE OF ETHICS Whereas, Ethics, whether business or social, seem to have various interpretations relative to human duty, actions and the practices of human beings, yet, in a broad and true sense, means "All things, whatsoever Ye would that men should do unto you, do Ye even so unto them", be it therefore, Resolved: That the National Association of Farm Equipment Manufacturers adopts as a Code of Ethics the following: 1. Our Industry, being basic in character, affords us a distinct opportunity of serving society and should justify the exchange of ideas, our ambitions should encourage us to perform our duties in a dignified and honorable manner, our endeavors should be to elevate the standard of our vocation. Our business should be conducted in such a manner that others will find it profitable and conducive to happiness to emulate our example, and furthermore that truth, honesty and courtesy shall prevail in all our dealings. 2. To respect the rights and privileges of competitors and not to interfere with or attempt to have cancelled any bona fide orders or contracts taken by a competitor. 3. To recognize business courtesies, and particularly courtesies in the field, and not to knock competitors or competitors' goods. If you cannot speak well of them and their products you can at least remain silent. 4. That the making, causing, or permitting to be made or published any false or untrue statement of or concerning the business policies or methods of a competitor, is unfair and should not be sanctioned or permitted. 5. That we will not solicit the services of employees engaged with our competitors without first notifying such competitor of our intention to do so and securing their consent. 6. That the wilful or malicious interference by any person, association, or corporation, by any means or devices what |