but still more by the rapidity with which they absorb the other morphological elements of the blood, especially the red corpuscles under certain given circumstances.

Thus Prof. Rouget noticed, especially in the case of the tadpole of cultipes provnicialis, that subsequent to traumatic extravasations of blood the leucocytes enclosed in the hemorrhagic centre, enveloped by means of their amoeboid prolongations, the red blood corpuscles which commenced to undergo a certain change, and were received into the substance of the former, and having been digested by them, the pigmentary residue remained infiltrated throughout their substance.

It is necessary hear to note a fact of importance to the subject under discussion, which is, that when this absorption is accomplished, and the protoplasm of the leucocytes so distended by the red corpuscles that it constituted but a layer, almost imperceptible, upon the surface, still the amoeboid movements and prolongations persist and enable the corpuscles to migrate in the most contrary directions.

Respecting the migration of leucocytes through the walls of the vessels, M. Claud Bernard, according to the citation which we have made from his lectures, appears to admit it only at certain points in the course of circulation, i. e., where an irritation, artificial, or otherwise has more or less modified the anatomical state of the vascular walls, as well as the conditions of pressure, and the activity of the blood, and where the migration of the white corpuscles is sufficiently abundant to constitute layers and purulent points.

Many experimenters who have verified transudation, and who have demonstrated it, consider it only as a pathological process, occuring only locally in certain inflamed regions, and it is certain that under such circumstances it is manifested with its maximum of evidence and activity, as in the experiments made upon the capillaries of the mesentery of frogs, or upon the natatory membrane.

But on the contrary other physiologists consider it in the lower animals, as a fact much more general and independent of

all traumatic conditions. Thus according to Prof. Rouget in the case of the larvae of Hyla viridis and of Pelodytes punctaters the white corpuscles traverse the walls, that is escape by diapedesis, in the absence of all increase of pressure, and in the normal state of the muscular system from the walls, not only of the capillaries, but even of the small venous and arterial trunks of the natatory membrane.

(To be Continued).

BANDAGING.*

REVERSED SPIRAL OF THE INFERIOR EXTREMITY.

DESCRIPTION.-This bandage is made from a roller eighteen yards in length by two inches in width.

FIG. 82.

APPLICATION.-Place the initial end of the bandage at the metatarso-phalangeal articulation and confine by two circular turns about the foot at this point. Continue on about the foot in

the same manner, only making a reverse at each course of the bandage, until the ankle is reached, as you see in the wood-cut. Or, -29 it is sometimes best to make the last two or 27 three turns about the foot and ankle in 25 figure-of-8's. It is also often necessary to -23 fill up the hollows about the ankle with cotton-wool. Having got so far in the application of the bandage, make three or four spiral turns about the lower part of the leg, courses 15, 16, 17, 18, in the figure, before you begin the reverses about the leg, courses 10 to 30 inclusive; you then come to the Reversed Spiral of the knee, which may be covered in by The Interior Extremity.

*By permission from "A MANUAL OF BANDAGING," published by C. Henri Leonard, M. D., Detroit.

Testudo, or by the simple spiral turns, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35, in the cut. Having cleared the femuric condyles, you then make spiral reverses to the hip, where you confine the bandage in the usual way.

USES. For all the multitudinous purposes that an injured or diseased member may demand. The same caution should be observed here as was spoken of under the Reversed Spiral of the Superior extremity.

CAPUTINA (ROSETTE STUMP DRESSING.)

DESCRIPTION.-Take from nine to fifteen strips of cloth (according to the size of the stump), having each one and threequarter inches in width, by two and a half feet in length.

FIG. 86.

These strips are to be placed in two groups. One set should be so arranged as to form a half rosette, A, whilst the others should be arranged in a parallel group, B, each strip slightly overlapping its fellow. The half rosette, including one strip parallel with the second set, is made secure with a pin, or stitches, at the point of radiation of the different pieces, called its center, as A. The horizontal strips of parallels may now be

stitched together at their centers, though this is not necessary. The whole bandage is then spread upon a newspaper. The horizontal strip, C, of the rosette is laid upon the first piece of the parallel strips, (so that the set of parallels becomes but an extension of the rosette), and fastened to it. The object of

spreading it upon the paper is only for convenience in carrying and handling.

APPLICATION.-The stump is now made ready for this final

FIG. 87.

Caputina applied.

bandage. The center, A, figure 86, is placed opposite the median line of the under surface of the stump, at a point some six inches from its end, and confined there by the long cross strip, c-c, which encircles the member. The remaining portions of the rosette are then laid, smoothly and successively, over the stump, covering the end completely. The bandage is then finished by passing the horizontal parallel strips, B, over the remaining portion of the limb, securing the free ends of the rosette that are folded over its anterior surface,

thus completing the dressing which is represented, as applied to a thigh-stump, in figure 87.

These parallel strips may be used more or less extensively upon the limb, as the exigencies of the case may seem to demand. This bandage is really but the extension of the principle of that of Scultet's the whole upper portion, B, figure 86, being but the bandage of Scultet.

USES.-This bandage is used only in the dressing of stumps; and it is particularly valuable where pressure is required-as when the flaps retract, making the wound gape, thus leaving the bone exposed. In its application the stump needs be lifted but once, i. e. when the bandage lying upon the paper, is first slipped under-a desideratum wanting in all other stump-dressings.

SCAPULO-TIBIAL TRIANGLE AND CRAVAT-(SLING FOR THE INFE

DESCRIPTION.-I.
FIG. 89.

RIOR EXTREMITY.)

A cravat or scarf, two yards in length.

Scapulo-Triangle and Cravat.

II. A triangle whose base measures one and one-half yards, and whose height is two feet.

APPLICATION. Tie the scarf

over the shoulder opposite the injured leg, as A. Place the base of the triangle, near its middle, at anterior surface of the leg, B, and carry the two ends upwards and tie into the "sling" formed by the cravat. Then pin the apex of the triangle at the outer side of the leg, to the base of the triangle, as at C, folding it across the front of the knee, so as to prevent the member slipping too far forwards, and out of its support.

USES.-To support either lower

extremity, when injured; or to hold moderately flexed the leg upon the thigh. Is a very convenient and useful dressing.

(To be continued.)

AMPUTATION OF CARBUNCLE (Trans. of the Med. Soc- of the Dis trict of Columbia).

Dr. Triplett, at a recent meeting of the Society, called attention to his mode of treatment of carbuncle, which is by amputation, and cited two cases in which this method seemed to have produced excellent results. In the debate which ensued, he held that nothing in the principles or practice of surgery forbade the operation, and that it was only aiding and anticipating natural processes to remove the slough as soon as possible.-Medical

Times.