the number of troops from Texas in the Confederate army? What was done on the coast of Texas? What did Magruder determine? What was the number of his troops? What was the plan of attack? Describe the battle. What disaster happened to the Westfield? What did the Texians do? What further attempt was made on the Texas harbors? What noted Texian died July 26,1863? What points did the Federal General Banks take in 1863? Did he retain possession? Who succeeded Governor Lubbock? What was done in February, 1864? What of the conscript law of the Confederacy?

CHAPTER LXI.
Banks' Invasion.

Late in 1863 General Tom Green of Texas, with General Mouton of Louisiana, conducted a series of movements against the Federals at Fort Donelson, on the Atchafalaya Bayou. General Majors commanded several regiments on the east side, while Green and Mouton were on the west. Much severe righting occurred, the Texians losing Major A. D. Burns, Colonel James Reiley, and other valued men.

From New Orleans late in March, 1864, General Banks began his famous advance up Red River. Thereupon General E. Kirby Smith, commanding all Confederate troops west of the Mississippi, issued orders for the concentration of all troops then in Louisiana, Southern Arkansas, and Texas, the point of rendezvous being in the region of Mansfield, in Northern Louisiana. By April 7th a fine army had concentrated in that locality to cooperate with General Richard Taylor, then commanding in Louisiana. Banks began his advance up Red River, General Taylor retreating before him.

Among the Texian generals were Brigadier-Generals H. P. Bell, Wm. P. Hardeman, X. B. DeBray, Major-Generals Tom Green and John A. Wharton. At Mansfield, on the 8th of April, and Pleasant Hill, on the 9th, battles were fought. The result of the two days' fighting was the defeat of General Banks' army, which retreated down Red River, seeking wherever practicable the protection of their gunboats. On the 14th of April a battle was fought at Blair's Landing, in which Major-General Tom Green was killed.

The Federals having retreated to Alexandria and Atchafalaya, another severe battle occurred at Yellow Bayou, the Texians, under General Wharton, losing heavily. While these movements were being made by General Banks, with a view of uniting with him in northwest Louisiana, the Federal Generar Steele moved south from Little Rock. Then followed the battle of Poisoned Springs, the Confederates being victorious. The troops north of Red Biver concentrated under General Magruder as the Federals retreated down Red River. Those on the north from Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana, moved against Steele, who retreated towards Little Rock, hotly pursued, with more or less fighting daily. The Saline River being very high and overflown, with wide, timbered bottoms, gave General Steele such an advantage as proved disastrous to the Confederates, whose loss was heavy. Generals Wm. R. Scurry and Horace Randall were killed, besides many other officers and men. This ended the pursuit.

Brownsville, after its abandonment by Banks, was again occupied by Colonel John S. Ford; later General Slaughter became the ranking officer. So matters stood in Texas till the surrender of General Lee in Virginia to General Grant, on the 9th of April, 1865, followed by that of General Joseph E. Johnston to General Sherman in North Carolina, including various commands in adjoining States not with, but under, General Johnston.

Before these events virtually closing the war became known on the Rio Grande, the last battle of the war was fought by Colonel John S. Ford, with troops sent from Brazos, Santiago, and Point Isabel, where there was a large Federal force. On the morning of May 13th Colonel Ford moved from Brownsville, with a small force, down the river to the San Martin Ranche. Here, about two o'clock, P.M., he found Captain Wm. Robinson with a few men skirmishing with an advance of about fifteen hundred Federals from the direction of Brazos Island. Colonel Ford formed his men and charged. Three times the Federals turned to check them, with loss to themselves. General Slaughter arriving, skirmishing was kept up until dark.

The final formal surrender of the Trans-Mississippi department, including Texas, was made on board a United States flagship, off Galveston bar, on the 2d of June, 1865. General E. Kirby Smith, commander of that department, accompanied by General Magruder and other officers, went on board of the vessel for that purpose. On the 19th the Federal General Granger landed and took military possession.

By proclamation General Granger announced the freedom of the slaves and the suspension of all civil and military authority in Texas as a State of the Confederate Government. Governor Murrah died soon after in Mexico.

For the time being, President Johnson appointed provisional governors for the different States, and soon afterward had conventions called to form new constitutions adapted to the changed conditions. Hon. Andrew J. Hamilton was made provisional Governor of Texas. In a short time he ordered an election for January 8, 1866, to elect delegates to a convention clothed with power to form a new constitution.

The convention met February 10th, and elected James W. Throckmorton as its president. A constitution was formed, and ratified by a vote of the people June 4, 1866, at which time, also, all State, district, and county officers were elected—James W. Throckmorton, Governor, and George W. Janes, Lieutenant-Governor. The Legislature met and organized August 13, 1866, Nathaniel M. Burford of Dallas being elected Speaker of the House of Representatives. The Governor and Lieutenant-Governor were installed, then the provisional government ceased.

The Legislature enacted such laws as were deemed necessary, and adjourned. This action, and President Johnson's plan of reconstruction were disapproved by Congress, and Texas was again provisionally put under military control, being, with Louisiana, declared to be Military District Xo. 5, under General Sheridan, with headquarters in Xew Orleans; while under him, General Griffin, with headquarters in Galveston, commanded Texas. Ou July 30, 1867, General Htieridan removed Governor Throckmorton, and appointed ex-Governor Pease instead. A new registration of voters waw ordered, and the State divided into fifteen registration districts. General Winfield S. Hancock for a time succeeded General Sheridan; in a short time he was superseded by General J. J. Reynolds, with headquarters in Austin.

CfUKtmoXs. What movement did Generals Green and Mouton conduct in 1863? Whom did the Texlans lose? When did General Banks begin his famous advance up Red Itlver r What move did General Kirby Smith order in consequence? With whom were they to cooperate 1 What officers were among the Texians? Where and when were batMm fought' What were the results of these two days' fights? When was the next battle fought? What Confederate general was killed? To where had the Federals retreated? What battle occurred 1 What was General Banks' object in making these moves? What movements did General Steele make? What battle followed 1 Describe the movement of troo|is under Magruder. What gave General Steele an advantage? What generals were killed r Who occupied Brownsville after Banks' abandonment? When did General Lee surrender? Where and when was the last battle of the war fought? Who was in command of the Confederate troops? Where did Ford go on May 13th? Give an account of the skirmishes. When and where did the final formal surrender of the Trans-Mississippi department take place t Who was the commander of that department? What Federal general took military possession? What proclamation did he issue? Where did Governor Mnrrahdle? Who became provisional Governor of Texas? What election did he order? Who was president of the convention? What was the result of this convention? What officers were elected at this time? When did the Legislature meet? Why was Texas sgani placed under military rule? Under whose control? Who was appointed Governor? What new method of voting was introduced 1 Who succeeded General Sheridan in cominund 1 Who succeeded General Hancock?

CHAPTER LXII. DAVIDS Administration—Coke's Administrations.

Governor Pease resigned as provisional Governor, and from that time till February, 1870, the State was directly uutler military government. A second convention, elected under orders from General Griffin, assembled June 1, 1868, elected Edmund J. Davis as its president, and was officially recognized by Governor Pease. It sat three months, adjourned, and reassembled December 7th, finally adjourning February 6, 1869. The constitution framed by it was placed in the hands of General E. N. R. Canby, who had it properly enrolled and submitted to the people for ratification or rejection at an election to be held in July, at which time, also, should be elected State and county officers. President Grant changed the date of election to the 30th of November and the first three days of December.

At that time Edmund J. Davis was elected Governor, with a full set of State officers and a new Legislature. A military order declared this election provisional, and ordered the Legislature to meet in provisional session February 5, 1870. It met, ratified the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments to the Constitution, elected Messrs. Morgan C. Hamilton and James W. Flanagan to the United States Senate, and adjourned to await the action of Congress on the new Constitution. Congress accepted the Constitution March 30, and the United States Senators took their seats. During this delay General Reynolds appointed E. J. Davis* provisional Governor. The Legislature, now recognized as regular, reassembled April 26th, and Governor Davis took the oath on the 28th. Thereupon the military powers of the United States ceased to exercise civil power in Texas, and the State, theoretically at least, resumed the rights of selfgovernment. Governor Davis served till January 14, 1874, nearly four years. General Grant was President, and but

* Edmund J. Davis was born in Florida, and came to Galveston in 1848. In 1850 he settled at Laredo, where he served as district attorney; then, for some years, up to the war, as district judge. During the war he was a colonel and brigadier-general in the Union army. He served in the convention of 1866, and presided over that of 1868-69. His term as Governor was from April 28, 1870, to January 14, 1874. He died in Austin during Ireland's administration.