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one copy shall be delivered to the Consul of each of the Signatory Powers at Apia for immediate transmission to his Government. Done in triplicate at Berlin this fourteenth day of June one thousand eight hundred and eighty nine.

JOHN A: KASSON

WM. WALTER PHELPS.
GEO. H. BATES

H. BISMARCK

HOLSTEIN.

R KRAUEL.

EDWARD B MALET
CHARLES S: SCOTT
J. A. CROWE

SARDINIA.

1838.

TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION.

Concluded November 26, 1838; ratification advised by the Senate March 2, 1839; ratified by the President March 8, 1839; ratifications exchanged March 18, 1839; proclaimed March 18, 1839. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 974.)

This treaty of twenty articles and a separate article was superseded by the Treaty of 1871 with Italy, (p. 309) Sardinia having become merged into that Kingdom.

SAXONY.

(SEE GERMAN EMPIRE.)

1845.

CONVENTION ABOLISHING DROIT D'AUBAINE AND EMIGRATION TAXES. Concluded May 14, 1845; ratification advised by the Senate, with amendment, April 15, 1846; ratified by the President April 22, 1846; ratifications exchanged August 12, 1846; proclaimed September 9, 1846. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 981.)

I. Taxes abolished.

II. Disposal of real property.
III. Disposal of personal property.

ARTICLES.

IV. Protection of rights of absent heirs.

V. Suits.

VI. Extent of treaty provisions.
VII. Ratification.

The united States of America on the one part and His Majesty the King of Saxony on the other part being equally desirous of removing the restrictions which exist in their territories upon the acquisition and transfer of property by their respective citizens and subjects, have agreed to enter into negotiations for this purpose.

For the attainment of this desirable object the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on

Henry Wheaton their Envoy extraordinary and Minister plenipotentiary at the Court of His Majesty the King of Prussia, and His Majesty the King of Saxony upon

John DeMinckwitz, his Minister of State, Lieutenant-General, Envoy extraordinary and Minister plenipotentiary at the said Court, who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles:

ART: 1.

Every kind of droit d'aubaine, droit de retraite, and droit de détraction, or tax on Emigration, is hereby and shall remain abolished, between the two contracting Parties, their states, citizens and subjects respectively.

ART: 2.

Where, on the death of any person holding real property within the territories of one party, such real property would, by the laws of the land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, or where such real property has been devised by last will and testament to such citizen or subject, he shall be allowed a term of two years from the death of such person, which term may be reasonably prolonged according to circumstances,-to sell the same and to withdraw the proceeds thereof without molestation, and exempt from all duties of detraction on the part of the Government of the respective states.

ART: 3.

The citizens or subjects of Each of the contracting Parties shall have power to dispose of their personal property within the states of the other, by testament, donation or otherwise, and their heirs, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting Party, shall succeed to their said personal property, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country, where the said property lies, shall be liable to pay in like cases.

ART: 4.

In case of the absence of the heirs, the same care shall be taken provisionally of such real or personal property, as would be taken, in a like case, of the property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner, or the person who has a right to sell the same, according to article 2, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance.

ART: 5.

If any dispute should arise between the different claimants to the same inheritance, they shall be decided, according to the laws and by the judges of the country where the property is situated.

ᎪᎡᎢ : 6.

All the stipulations of the present convention shall be obligatory in respect to property, already inherited, devised, or bequeathed, but not yet withdrawn from the country where the same is situated, at the signature of this convention.

ART: 7.

This convention shall be ratified by the President of the united States of America, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, and by His Majesty the King of Saxony and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Berlin within the term of eighteen months, from the date of the signature or sooner if possible.

In faith of which, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above Articles, both in German and English, and have thereto affixed their seals.

Done in triplicata in the city of Berlin, on the 14th of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty five and the sixty ninth of the Independence of the United States of America.

HENRY WHEATON

[SEAL.]
MINCKWITZ
[SEAL.]

SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE.

(SEE GERMAN EMPIRE.)

The Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe, June 7, 1854, acceded to the Extradition Convention concluded with Prussia and other German States, June 16, 1852, and the additional article of November 16, 1852. See page 520.

SERBIA.

1881.

CONVENTION OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION.

Concluded October 14, 1881; ratification advised by the Senate July 5, 1882; ratified by the President July 14, 1882; ratifications exchanged November 15, 1882; proclaimed December 27, 1882. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 984.)

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The United States of America and His Highness the Prince of Serbia, animated by the desire of facilitating and developing the commercial relations established between the two countries, have determined with this object to conclude a Treaty, and have named as their respective plenipotentiaries, viz:

The United States of America, Eugene Schuyler, their Chargé d'affaires and Consul General at Bucarest;

His Highness, the Prince of Serbia, Monsieur Ched. Mijatovitch, His Minister of Foreign Affairs, Grand Officer of His Order of Takova, &c. &c. &c.

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles:

ARTICLE I

There shall be reciprocally full and entire liberty of commerce and navigation between the citizens and subjects of the two High Contracting Powers, who shall be at liberty to establish themselves freely in each other's territory.

Citizens of the United States in Serbia and Serbian subjects in the United States shall reciprocally, on conforming to the laws of the country, be at liberty freely to enter, travel or reside in any part of the respective territories, to carry on their business, and shall enjoy in this respect for their persons and property the same protection as that enjoyed by natives or by the subjects of the most favoured nation. They shall be at liberty to exercise their industry and trade both by wholesale and by retail in the whole extent of both territories, without being subjected as to their persons or property, or with regard to the

exercise of their trade or business to any taxes, whether general or local, or to any imposts or conditions of any kind other or more onerous than those which are or may be imposed upon natives or upon the subjects of the most favoured nation.

In like manner in all that relates to local taxes, customs formalities, brokerage, patterns or samples introduced by commercial travellers, and all other matters connected with trade, citizens of the United States in Serbia and Serbian subjects in the United States shall enjoy the treatment of the most favoured nation, and all the rights, privileges, exemptions and immunities of any kind enjoyed with respect to commerce and industry by the citizens or subjects of the High Contracting Parties, or which are or may be hereafter conceded to the subjects of any third power, shall be extended to the citizens or subjects of the other.

ARTICLE II.

In all that concerns the right of acquiring, possessing, or disposing of every kind of property, real or personal, citizens of the United States in Serbia and Serbian subjects in the United States, shall enjoy the rights which the respective laws grant or shall grant in each of these states to the subjects of the most favoured nation.

Within these limits, and under the same conditions as the subjects of the most favoured nation, they shall be at liberty to acquire and dispose of such property, whether by purchase, sale, donation, exchange, marriage contract, testament, inheritance, or in any other manner whatever, without being subject to any taxes, imposts, or charges whatever other or higher than those which are or shall be levied on natives or on the subjects of the most favoured state.

They shall likewise be at liberty to export freely the proceeds of the sale of their property, and their goods in general, without being subjected to pay any other or higher duties than those payable under similar circumstances by natives or by the subjects of the most favoured state.

ARTICLE III.

Merchants, manufacturers, and trades people in general of one of the two contracting countries travelling in the other, or sending thither their clerks and agents,-whether with or without samples-in the exclusive interest of the commerce or industry that they carry on, and for the purpose of making purchases or sales, or receiving commissions, shall be treated with regard to their licences, as the merchants, manufacturers and trades people of the most favoured nation. It is understood, however, that the preceding stipulations do not affect in any way the laws and regulations in force in each of the two countries applicable to all foreigners as respects peddling and hawking.

The citizens and subjects of the Contracting Parties shall be reciprocally treated as the natives of the country, or as the subjects of the most favoured nation, when they shall go from one country to the other to visit fairs and markets for the purpose of exercising their commerce and selling their products.

No obstacle shall be placed in the way of the free movements of travellers, and the administrative formalities relative to travelling passports shall be restricted to the strict necessities of the public service on passing the frontiers.

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