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The President is authorized, for any of the purposes of surveying the coast of the United States, to cause to be employed such of the public vessels in actual service as he deems it expedient to employ, and to give such instructions for regulating their conduct as he deems proper, according to the tenor of this Title.

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Power to em

ploy vessels.

R. S., 4686.

Hospital serv

June 17, 1898

(30 Stat., 475).

1All necessary hospital and ambulance service * on vessels of the * * ice. Coast and Geodetic Survey shall be performed by members of said corps [Navy.] 1 Officers of the Army and Navy shall, as far as practicable, be employed in the work of surveying the coast of the United States, whenever and in the manner required by the Department having charge thereof.

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The Secretary of Commerce may make such allowances to the officers and men of the Army and Navy, while employed on Coast and Geodetic Survey service, for subsistence, in addition to their compensation, as he may deem necessary, not exceeding the sum authorized by the Treasury regulation of the eleventh day of May, eighteen hundred and forty-four. [Act of August 30, 1890 (26 Stat., 382), limits this section as to subsistence of officers of Navy.]

par

Employment of Army and Navy R. S., 4687.

officers.

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bought for and

remote localities. Mar. 3, 1901 (31 Stat., 1133).

And hereafter the Secretary of Commerce is author- Small stores ized to purchase, from the appropriation for the Coast sold to employand Geodetic Survey, provisions, clothing, and small ees of Survey in stores for the enlisted men, and food supplies for field ties working in remote localities, such provisions, clothing, small stores, and food supplies to be sold to the employees of said Survey and the appropriation reimbursed. The salary of the Superintendent of the Coast and Salary of SuperGeodetic Survey shall be six thousand dollars a year.

intendent.
R. S., 4689.
Assistants and
Assistant Super-

2 For pay of assistants, to be employed in the field or office, as the superintendent may direct, one of whom intendent. may be designated by the Secretary of Commerce to act as assistant superintendent.

The Coast and Geodetic Survey report shall be submitted to Congress during the month of December in each year, and shall be accompanied by a general chart of the whole coasts of the United States, on as large a scale as convenient and practicable, showing, as near as practicable, the configuration of the coasts, and showing, by lines, the probable limits of the Gulf Stream, and showing, by lines, the probable limits to which the soundings off the coast will extend, and showing, by the use of colors and explanations, the exact portions of our coasts, of which complete charts have been published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey; also, showing such other parts of the coasts of which the triangulation, the topography, and the soundings have been completed, but not published, and, also, such parts of the coasts of which the triangulation and topography, or the triangulation only, have been completed.

1 By reason of changed conditions, this provision has become inoperative. 2 Included in subsequent appropriation acts.

June 25, 1910

(36 Stat., 757).

Report.

R. S., 4690.

Maps and charts and their disposition. Jan. 12, 1895 (28

The charts published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey shall be sold at cost of paper and printing as nearly Stat., 620), sec. 76. as practicable; and there shall be no free distribution of such charts except to the Departments and officers of the United States requiring them for public use; and a number of copies of each sheet, not to exceed three hundred, to be presented to such foreign governments, libraries, and scientific associations and institutions of learning as the Secretary of Commerce may direct; but on the order of Senators, Representatives, and Delegates not to exceed ten copies to each may be distributed through the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Printing.

Aug. 4, 1886 (24 Stat., 255).

Publications.

Jan. 12, 1895 (28

Apr. 20, 1896 (29 Stat., 471).

All printing and engraving for the *** Coast and Geodetic Survey * * *shall hereafter be estimated for separately and in detail and appropriated for separately * [Applies to work done at Government Printing Office.]

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[There shall be printed] of the Report of the SuperinStat., 613), sec. 75. tendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, two thousand eight hundred copies in quarto form, bound in one volume, two hundred for the Senate, six hundred for the House, and two thousand for distribution by the Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Jan. 12, 1895 (28 Stat., 622), sec. 89.

Report of expenditures. R. S., 264.

Maryland oyster beds.

May 26, 1906 (34

The Secretary of Commerce may authorize the printing of the notices to mariners, tide tables, coast pilots, bulletins, and other special publications of the Coast and Geodetic Survey * in such editions as the interests of the Government and of the public may require. The Secretary of Commerce shall report to Congress annually the number and names of the persons employed during the last preceding fiscal year upon the Coast and Geodetic Survey and business connected therewith; the amount of compensation of every kind respectively paid them, for what purpose, and the length of time employed; and shall report a full statement of all other expenditures made under the direction of the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Survey of The Secretary of Commerce be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed, upon the request of the govStat., 202), sec. 1. ernor of the State of Maryland, to designate such officers, experts, and employees of the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries as may be necessary to cooperate with the Maryland State board of shellfish commissioners in making a survey of and locating the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland; and the Secretary of Commerce is hereby authorized and directed to furnish to the officers, experts, and employees of said Bureaus so detailed as aforesaid such instruments, appliances, and steam launches as may be necessary to make the survey aforesaid; and the Secretary of Commerce is hereby authorized to have made

in the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey all the plats necessary to show the results of the aforesaid survey and the locations of the said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland. and to furnish to the board of shellfish commissioners of the State of Maryland such copies as may be necessary, and for this purpose to employ, in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, such technically qualified persons as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.

The Secretary of Commerce is hereby further au- Ibid., sec. 2. thorized to have erected or constructed by the officers so detailed as aforesaid, while making said survey, such structures as may be necessary to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such future work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to perform in prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters of the United States located within the State of Maryland.

The Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and Ibid., sec. 5. the Bureau of Fisheries be, and they are hereby, authorized and directed to expend, under the direction of the Secretary of Commerce, a sum of money not exceeding fifteen thousand dollars in carrying out the purposes of this Act.1

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North Carolina

Mar. 4, 1909 (35

The Secretary of Commerce be, and he is hereby, Survey of authorized and directed, upon the request of the gov- waters. ernor of the State of North Carolina, to designate Stat., 1064), sec. 1. such officers, experts, and employees of the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries as may be necessary to cooperate with the North Carolina State fish commissioner in making a survey of and marking in a prominent manner all those areas of the waters of the sounds and their tributaries of the State in which the use of any or all fishing appliances are prohibited by law; and the Secretary of Commerce is hereby authorized and directed to furnish to the officers, experts, and employees of said bureaus so detailed as aforesaid such instruments, appliances, and steam launches as may be necessary to make the survey aforesaid; and the Secretary of Commerce is hereby authorized to have made in the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey all the plats necessary to show the results of the aforesaid survey, and to furnish to the fish commissioner of the State of North Carolina such copies as may be necessary for his use, and for this purpose to employ in the District of Columbia and elsewhere such technically qualified persons as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.

The Secretary of Commerce is hereby further authorized to have erected or constructed by the officers so detailed as aforesaid, while making said survey,

1 The act of June 30, 1906 (34 Stat., 714), and subsequent acts provide additional sums to cover the expenses incident to carrying out the purposes of this act.

Ibid., sec. 2.

Mississippi River Commission.

June 28, 1879 (21 Stat., 37).

Compensation of member ap

such structures as may be necessary to mark in a prominent and satisfactory manner the points of triangulation so that the same may be used for such future work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to perform in prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters of the United States located within the State of North Carolina.

Survey, * *
the *

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The President of the United States shall, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint seven commissioners, * one from the Coast and Geodetic * The commissioners appointed from Coast and Geodetic Survey shall receive no other pay or compensation than is now allowed them by law.** * * And the Secretary of Commerce shall, when requested by said Commission, in like manner detail from the Coast and Geodetic Survey such officers and men as may be necessary, and shall place in the charge and for the use of said Commission such vessel or vessels and such machinery and instruments as may be under his control and may be deemed necessary.

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That from and after the date of the approval of this Act pointed from the member of said Commission appointed from the Coast detic Survey. and Geodetic Survey shall receive the same annual comJune 25, 1910 pensation as other civilian members of said commission,

Coast and Geo

(36 Stat., 658).

Advances

to

chiefs of parties.

veys.

Impairing public works.

and the excess of said compensation over and above the compensation he receives from the Coast and Geodetic Survey shall be paid from the funds of said commission.

[The annual appropriation acts provide that advances of money may be made to the Coast and Geodetic Survey and by authority of the Superintendent thereof to chiefs of parties, who shall give bond under such rules and regulations and in such sum as the Secretary of Commerce may direct, and accounts arising under such advances shall be rendered through and by the Coast and Geodetic Survey to the Treasury Department as under Special sur- advances heretofore made to chiefs of parties; they also provide for furnishing points to State surveys; and also for making special surveys that may be required by the Bureau of Lighthouses "or other proper authority."] [Damaging or destroying surveying stations is made. a misdemeanor by act of March 3, 1899. See page 140.] [In addition to the Superintendent, mentioned on page 71, assistants, aids, computers, draftsmen, engravers, clerks, etc., together with sufficient force to man the vessels of the Survey, are annually provided for in appropriation acts.] [The annual appropriation acts contain a proviso that the appropriations therein made for the Coast and Geodetic Survey shall be expended in accordance with regulations relating to the Survey from time to time prescribed by the Secretary of Commerce. Under this clause various regulations and instructions have been issued in the past. A revised edition of these regulations and instructions was approved by the Department October 14, 1912, to become effective January 1, 1913.]

Personnel.

Regulations.

BUREAU OF CORPORATIONS.

The Bureau of Corporations was created by the organic act of the Department, approved February 14, 1903. The act authorizes the Bureau, under the direction of the Secretary of Commerce, to investigate the organization, conduct, and management of the business of any corporation, joint stock company, or corporate combination engaged in interstate or foreign commerce, except common carriers subject to the interstate-commerce act; to gather such information and data as will enable the President to make recommendations to Congress for legislation for the regulation of interstate and foreign commerce; to report the data so collected to the President from time to time as he may require, and to make public such part of said information as the President may direct.

It is also the duty of the Bureau, under the direction of the Scoretary of Commerce, to gather, compile, publish, and supply useful information concerning corporations engaged in interstate or foreign commerce, including corporations engaged in insurance.

The creation of the Bureau was in the nature of a response to a growing public demand for some power or tribunal which should deal with the new economic problems involved in the increased tendency toward concentrated ownership of the large industries of the country. The organization of certain "trusts" from time to time. during the eighties and earlier was followed in 1890 by the so-called Sherman antitrust law, which, however, largely on account of early decisions thereunder, resulted not so much in checking the growth of consolidations as in changing their form. In the late nineties there came the phenomenal concentration of industrial capital frequently referred to as the "consolidation craze. A conference was held at Chicago, known as the Chicago Trust Conference, in 1899. The Industrial Commission, created in 1898, devoted especial attention in 1899 and 1900, among other subjects, to industrial combinations. Finally, in December, 1901, there was introduced in the United States Senate a bill "to establish a Department of Commerce." This bill, with the title amended to read Department of Commerce and Labor, was passed by the Senate in January, 1902, and referred to the House. In January, 1903, a report was submitted by the House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, in which for the first time the Bureau of Corporations was provided for. The House bill was not accepted by the Senate, but in February, 1903, a compromise bill was reported from conference

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