No. 10. Convention of Commerce and Navigation between Great Britain and France. Signed at London, January 26, 1826.

In the Name of the Most Holy Trinity.

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, on the one part, and His Majesty the King of France and Navarre, on the other part, being equally animated by the desire of facilitating the commercial intercourse between their respective subjects: and being persuaded that nothing can more contribute to the fulfilment of their mutual wishes in this respect, than to simplify and equalize the regulations which are now in force relative to the navigation of both Kingdoms, by the reciprocal abrogation of all discriminating duties levied upon the vessels of either of the two nations in the ports of the other, whether under the head of duties of tonnage, harbour, light-house, pilotage, and others of the same description, or in the shape of increased duties upon goods on account of their being imported or exported in other than national vessels-have named as their Plenipotentiaries to conclude a Convention for this purpose, that is to say:

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Honourable George Canning, a Member of His said Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, a Member of Parliament, and His said Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; and the Right Honourable William Huskisson, a Member of His said Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, a Member of Parliament, President of the Committee of Privy Council for Affairs of Trade and Foreign Plantations, and Treasurer of His said Majesty's Navy

And His Majesty the King of France and Navarre, the Prince Jules, Count de Polignac, a Peer of France, Maréchal-de-Camp of His Most Christian Majesty's Forces, and His Ambassador at the Court of His Britannic Majesty, &c:

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles:

ART. 1. From and after the 5th of April of the present year, French vessels coming from or departing for the ports of France, or, if in ballast, coming from, or departing for any place. shall not be subject, in the ports of the United Kingdom, either on entering into, or departing from the same, to any higher duties or tonnage, harbour, light-house, pilotage, quarantine, or other similiar or corresponding duties, of whatever nature or under whatever denomination, than those to which British vessels, in respect of the same voyages are or may be subject, on entering into or departing from such ports; and, reciprocally, from and after the same period, British vessels coming from or departing for the ports of the United Kingdom, or, if in ballast, coming from or departing for any place, shall not be subject,

in the ports of France, either on entering into, or departing from the same, to any higher duties of tonnage, harbour, light-house, pilotage, quarantine, or other similar or corresponding duties, of whatever nature or under whatever denomination, than those to which French vessels, in respect of the same voyages, are or may be subject, on entering into or departing from such ports; whether such duties are collected separately, or are consolidated in one and the same duty;-His Most Christian Majesty reserving to himself to regulate the amount of such duty or duties in France, according to the rate at which they are or may be established in the United Kingdom: at the same time, with the view of diminishing the burthens imposed upon the navigation of the two Countries, His Most Christian Majesty will always be disposed to reduce the amount of the said burthens in France, in proportion to any reduction which may hereafter be made of those now levied in the ports of the United Kingdom.

II. Goods wares and merchandize, which can or may be legally im ported into the ports of the United Kingdom from the ports of France, if so imported in French vessels, shall be subject to no higher duties than if imported in British vessels, and, reciprocally, goods, wares, and merchan. dize, which can or may be legally imported into the ports of France, from the ports of the United Kingdom, if so imported in British vessels, shall be subject to no higher duties than if imported in French vessels. The produce of Asia, Africa, and America, not being allowed to be imported from the said countries, nor from any other, in French vessels, nor from France in French, British or any other vessels, into the ports of the United Kingdom for home consumption, but only for warehousing and re-exportation, His Most Christian Majesty reserves to himself to direct that, in like manner, the produce of Asia, Africa, and America, shall not be imported from the said countries, nor from any other, in British vessels, nor from the United Kingdom, in British, French, or any other vessels, into the ports of France, for the consumption of that Kingdom, but only for warehousing and reexportation.

With regard to the productions of the countries of Europe, it is understood between the High Contracting Parties, that such productions shall not be imported, in British ships, into France, for the consumption of that Kingdom, unless such ships shall have been laden therewith in some port of the United Kingdom; and that His Britannic Majesty may adopt, if he shall think fit, some corresponding restrictive measure, with regard to the productions of the countries of Europe, imported into the ports of the United Kingdom in French vessels: the High Contrac ting Parties reserving, however, to themselves the power of making, by mutual consent, such relaxations in the strict execution of the present Article, as they may think useful to the respective interests of the two countries, upon the principle of mutual concessions, affording each to the other reciprocal or equivalent advantages.

III. All goods, wares. and merchandize, which can or may be legally exported from the ports of either of the two countries, shall, on their export, pay the same duties of exportation, whether the exportation of such goods, wares, and merchandize, be made in British or in French vessels provided the said vessels proceed, respectively, direct from the ports of the one country, to those of the other. And all the said goods, wares, and merchandize, so exported in British or French vessels, shall be reciprocally entitled to the same bounties, drawbacks, and other allowances of the same nature, which are granted by the regulations of each country, respectively.

IV. It is mutually agreed between the High Contracting Parties, that in the intercourse of navigation between their two countries, the vessels of any third power shall in no case, obtain more favourable conditions than those stipulated in the present Convention, in favour of British and French vessels.

V The fishing-boats of either of the two countries, which may be forced by stress of weather to seek shelter in the ports, or on the coasts of the other country, shall not be subject to any duties or port charges, of any description whatsoever; provided the said boats; when so driven in by ། stress of weather, shall not discharge or receive on board any cargo, or portion of cargo, in the ports, or on the parts of the coasts where they shall have sought shelter.

VI. It is agreed that the provisions of the present Convention between the High Contracting Parties, shall be reciprocally extended and in force, in all the possessions subject to their respective dominion in Europe.

VII. The present Convention shall be in force for the term of 10 years from the 5th of April of the present year; and further, until the end of 12 months after either of the High Contracting Parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate its operation; each of the High Contracting Parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of the said term of 10 years: and it is agreed between them, that, at the end of the 12 month's extension agreed to on both sides, this Convention, and all the stipulations thereof, shall altogether cease and determine.

VIII. The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in London, within the space of one month, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms.

Done at London, the 26th day of January, in the year of our Lord 1826. [LS] GEORGE CANNING. [L. 8.] LE PRINCE DE POLIGNAT.

[L. S.] WILLIAM HUSKISSON.

ADDITIONAL ARTICLE.

ART. I. From and after the 1st of October of the present year, French vessels shall be allowed to sail from any port wha ever of the countries, under the dominion of His Most Christian Majesty, to all the colonies of the United Kingdom (except those possessed by the East India Company) and to import into the said colonies all kinds of merchandise, (being productions the growth or manufacture of France, or of any country under the dominion of France) with the exception of such as are prohibited to be imported into the said colonies, or are permitted to be imported only from countries under the British do minion: and the said French vessels, as well as the merchandize imported in the same, shall not be subject, in the colonies of the United Kingdom, to other or higher duties than those to. which British vessels may be subject, on importing the same merchandize from any foreign country, or which are imposed upon the merchandize itself.

The same facilities shall be granted, reciprocally, in the colonies of France, with regard to the importation, in British vessels, of all kinds of merchandize, (being productions the growth and manufacture of the United Kingdom, or of any country under the British dominion) with the exception of such as are prohibited to be imported into the said colonies, or are permitted to be imported only from countries under the dominion of France. And whereas all goods, the produce of any foreign country may now be imported into the colonies of the United Kingdom, in the ships of that country, with the exception of a limited list of specified articles, which can only be imported into the said colonies in British ships, His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom reserves to himself the power of adding to the said list of excepted articles any other, the produce of the French dominions, the addition whereof may appear to His Majesty to be necessary for placing the commerce and navigation to be permitted to the subjects of each of the High Contracting Parties with the colonies of the other, upon a footing of fair reciprocity.

11. From and after the same period, French vessels shall be allowed to export from all the colonies of the United Kingdom, (except those possessed by the East India Company) all kinds of merchandize, which are not prohibited to be exported from such colonies in vessels other than those of Great Britain; and the said vessels, as well as the merchandize exported in the same, shall not be subject to other or higher duties than those to which British vessels may be subject. on exporting the said merchandize, or which are imposed upon the merchandize itself; and they shall be entitled to the same bounties, drawbacks, and other allowances of the same nature, to which British vessels would be entitled, on such exportation.

The same facilities and privileges shall be granted, reciprocally, in all the colonies of France, for the exportation, in British vessels, of all kinds

of merchandize, which are not prohibited to be exported from such colonies in vessels other than those of France

These two Additional Arucles shall have the same force and validity as if they were inserted word for word, in the Convention signed this day. They shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at the same time.

In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arins.

Dine at London, the 26th day of January, in the year of our Lord 1826. [L] GEORGE Canning. [L. S.] LE PRINCE DE POLIGNAC.

[LS. WILLIAM HUSKISSON.

No. 11. Extract from the Treaty of Navigation and Commerce, between Queen Anne of Great Britain, and Lewis the XIV, King of France,. concluded at Utretch, the 11th of April, 1713. [Omitted at page 144.]

XVII. It shall be lawful for all and singular the subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and of the most Christian King, to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandizes laden thereon, from any port, to the places of those who are now, or shall be hereafter, at enmity with the Queen of Great Britain, or the most Christian King; it shall likewise be lawful for the subjects and inhabitants aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandizes aforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies of both, or of either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy aforementioned to neutral places, but als from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of the same Prince, or under several. Aid as it is now stipulated concerning ships and goods, that free ships shall also give a freedom to good s, and that every thing shall be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the subjects of either of the confederates, although `the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either of their Majesties, contraband goods being always excepted, on the discovery whereof, matters shall be managed according to the sense of the subsequent articles; it is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that although they be enemies to both, or to either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are soldiers, and in actual service of

the enemies.

XVIII. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of merchandizes excepting those only which follow in the next article, and which are signified by the name of Contraband: