Patton, William Weston, clergyman, born in New York city, Oct. 19, 1821; died in Westfield, N. J., Dec. 31, 1889. He was graduated at the University of the City of New York in 1839, and at Union Theological Seminary in 1842. In 1843 he was pastor of Phillips Congregational Church in Boston; in 1846, of the Fourth Church in Hartford; in 1857, of the First Church in Chicago, where he remained till 1866; was editor of the "Advance" in Chicago in 1867-72; lecturer on modern skepticism in the Congregational Theological Seminaries in Oberlin and Chicago in 1874-77; and was President of Howard University in Washington, D. C., from 1877 till a few days before his death, when he resigned. He was Vice-President of the Northwestern Sanitary Commission during the civil war. His publications include: "The Young Man" (Hartford, 1847); "Conscience and Law" (New York, 1850); "Slavery and Infidelity" (Cincinnati, 1856); "Spiritual Victory" (Boston, 1874); and "Prayer and its Remarkable Answers" (Chicago, 1875; 20th ed., New York, 1885).

Peatfield, James, inventor, born in Nottingham, England, April 17, 1803; died in Ipswich, Mass., Oct. 21, 1889. He came to the United States in 1827, and found employment in a lace factory in Ipswich, of which he subsequently became superintendent. He soon began making improvements in the English modes of manufacturing, patented the first lace machine made in the United States, and, when the lace industry began to fall off, turned his attention to the manufacture of woolen goods, and invented and built the first warp machine in the country. In 1842, with his brother Sandford, he erected a brick woolen mill in Ipswich, and continued active in business till 1877, when he retired and devoted the remainder of his life to horticulture and pomology.

Pendleton, George Hunt, statesman, born in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 25, 1825; died in Brussels, Belgium, Nov. 24, 1889. He received an academical education in Cincinnati, which was supplemented by a course at Heidelberg. He spent 1844-47 in foreign study and observation, and visited France, Belgium, Austria, England, Italy, Switzerland, Greece, Egypt, and Asia Minor. He was admitted to the bar, and began practicing in Cincinnati in partnership with George E. Pugh. In 1853 he was elected to the Ohio Senate, in which he served one term, receiving a nomination for Congress before its expiration. In the election the entire Democratic ticket was defeated by the Know-Nothing party. In 1856 he was again a candidate and was elected, and held his seat by re-elections till March 4, 1865. In the presidential election of 1860 he favored Stephen A. Douglas, and afterward believed that the war could be averted, and was ready to advocate a compromise; but when other counsels prevailed, he changed from a peace to a war Democrat, and insisted that if war could not be avoided it should be prosecuted with all vigor. He served on the committees on Military Affairs, the Judiciary, and Ways and Means. In 1864 he received the Democratic nomination for Vice-President on the ticket headed by Gen. McClellan. Two years later he was a member of the Loyalists' convention in Philadelphia. In 1869 he was defeated for Governor of Ohio by Gen. Rutherford B. Hayes, and was elected President of the Kentucky Central Railroad. He then applied himself to his law and railroad interests till

1877, when he was elected United States Senator. He distinguished himself in the Senate by preparing, introducing, and pushing to success the Civil-Service Reform bill. In 1884 he was defeated as candidate for re-election, and on March 23, 1885, he was appointed United States minister to Germany, where be served till the summer of 1889.

Perry, Edward Aylesworth, lawyer, born in Richmond, Mass., March 15, 1833; died in Kerrville, Texas, Oct. 15, 1889. He was a member of the class of 1854 of Yale College, but left before graduating, and removed to Alabama, where he studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1857, settled in Pensacola, Fla., and practiced till the beginning of the civil war. In 1801 he aided in raising a regiment for the Confederate army, became its colonel, and commanded it in the battles around Richmond. He was wounded at Fraser's farm and in the Wilderness, and commanded a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia, that lost more men at Gettysburg than any other on the Confederate side. After the war he practiced law in Pensacola till 1885, where he was elected Governor of Florida for the term ending Dec. 31, 1888.

Phillips, George S., author, born in Peterborough, England, in January, 1816; died in Morristown, N. J., Jan. 14, 1889. He was graduated at Cambridge, came to the United States and engaged in journalism in New York, returned to England about 1845, became editor of the Leeds "Times," and in 1846 principal of the People's College at Huddersfield, Yorkshire, and subsequently came again to the United States. He was associated with Charles A. Dana in the editorship of the Chicago "Republiean" and was literary editor of the New York "Sun" for several years. In 1873 his mind became impaired and he was placed in the State Asylum at Trenton, N. J., and in 1876 was removed to the asylum at Morristown. He wrote much under the pen name of "January Searle." His published works include "The Life, Character, and Genius of Ebenezer Elliott" (1850); "Country SketchBook of Pastoral Scenes" (1851); "Memoirs of William Wordsworth"; "Life at Home and abroad": "Sherwood Forest"; and "The Gypsies of the Dane's Dyke, a story of Hedgeside Life in England in 1855."

Phillips, Isaac, lawyer, born in New York city, June 16, 1812; died there, Aug. 5, 1889. He engaged in the cutlery business in Philadelphia and New York, and in 1839 became associated with Major M. M. Noah in the editorship of the "Union," and subsequently of the Courier-Inquirer." In 1842 he was appointed a clerk in the custom house, was afterward promoted to be customs examiner, and in 1853 was appointed surveyor of the port of New York, which place he held till 1869, although a strong Democrat. He declined a reappointment tendered by President Grant, was admitted to the bar in 1870, and subsequently practiced with large success, making a specialty of United States customs and revenue laws. Mr. Phillips was a delegate to the National Democratic Conventions in 1844 and 1848, and a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce for 31 years.

Pierce, Bradford, clergyman, born in Royalton, Vt., in 1812; died in Newton, Mass., April 19, 1889. He was graduated at Wesleyan University in 1841 immediately entered the University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was editor of the "Sunday-School Messenger" in 1844-'45, agent of the American Sunday-School Union in 1845-256, superintendent and chaplain of the Massachusetts Industrial School at Lancaster in 1856-'62, chaplain of the House of Refuge on Randall's Island, N. Y., in 1863-172, editor of "Zion's Herald" 1872-188, and afterward superintendent of the Newton Free Library. He was a State Senator in 1855-'56. While holding his various offices be filled several pastorates and published religious works.

Pile, William A., clergyman, born near Indianapolis, Ind., Feb. 11, 1829; died in Monrovia, Cal., July 7, 1889. He received an academic education, studied theology, was ordained a clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was a member of the Missouri Conference. In 1861 he was appointed chaplain of a

Missouri regiment in the national army, in 1862 was appointed captain of a light battery and soon afterward was promoted colonel of infantry, in 1863 was promoted brigadier-general, and served till the close of the war. He was at Corinth, Vicksburg, and Mobile, and broke the Confederate line at Fort Blakely. In 1866 he was elected to Congress from the First Missouri District as a Republican, and was chairman of the committee on expenditures in the post-office department and member of the committees on Union prisoners and on military affairs. In 1868 he was defeated for re-election, in 1869 was appointed Governor of New Mexico, and was United States minister to Venezuela from 1871 till 1874.

Potter, Edward Elmer, soldier, born in New York city, June 23, 1823; died there, June 1, 1889. He was graduated at Columbia College and studied law, but engaged in farming. At the beginning of the civil war he entered the army as captain and commissary of subsistence, subsequently recruited a regiment of North Carolina volunteers for the national service, of which he was appointed colonel, and for distinguished services and bravery in the campaigns in the Carolinas and eastern Tennessee, was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers Nov. 20, 1862, and brevetted major-general March 13, 1865. He resigned from the army in July, 1865.

Rathbone, Justus Henry, philanthropist, born in Deerfield, Oneida County, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1839; died in Lima, Ohio, Dec. 9, 1889. He received a good education, and became a school-teacher and a clerk in the Government hospital and War Department services. In 1858-59, while teaching in Eagle Harbor, Mich., he read John Banim's play of "Damon and Phythias," and conceived the idea of founding a secret benevolent order, based on the remarkable friendship of the two Syracuse youth. He prepared the ritual so far as to cover the first three degrees or ranks, and then laid the work aside to enter the hospital service at the beginning of the civil war. On Feb. 15, 1864, while on duty in Washington, he submitted his draft of the ritual to some fellow-clerks, who approved his idea, and on the 19th they organized Washington Lodge, No. 1, of the order of Knights of Pythias. Recognizing him as the founder of the order, the members advanced him through all its offices, and after he had filled that of supreme chancellor, the highest of all, he sought retirement from work in the order. In 1887 he was induced to resign his clerkship in the War Department, and accept the office of supreme lecturer in the order, which he held at the time of his death.

Rawle, William Henry, lawyer, born in Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 31, 1823; died there, April 19, 1889. He was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1841, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. During the civil war he enlisted in the national army twice for urgent service in the State. In 1865 he became vice provost of the Law Academy, and held the office till 1873, and from 1880 till his death was vicechancellor of the Law Association. He was author of numerous law publications, including "Law of Covenants for Title" (Philadelphia, 1852); "Equity in Pennsylvania" (1868); "Some Contrasts in the Growth of Pennsylvania in English Law" (1881); and an address "The Case of the Educated Unemployed" (1885).

Reavis, Logan Uriah, author, born in Sangamon Bottom, Mason County, Ill., March 26, 1831; died in St. Louis, Mo., April 25, 1889. He received a commonschool education, taught for four years, acquired an interest in the "Gazette" of Beardstown, Ill., changed its name to "The Central Illinoian," and with a brief interruption published it till 1866. He then settled in St. Louis and began advocating the removal of the national capital to that city. His publications and lectures created for him the sobriquet of "the capital mover." His faith in the speedy development of the West and his belief that St. Louis was destined to become the metropolis of the country were intense, and induced him to make two lecturing

tours of England to promote these schemes. His published works include: "The New Republic, or the Transition Complete, with an Approaching Change of National Empire, based upon the Commercial and Industrial Expansion of the Great West" (St. Louis, 1867); "St. Louis, the Future Great City of the World" (1867); "A Change of National Empire, or Arguments for the Removal of the National Capital from Washington to the Mississippi Valley" (1869); "A Representative Life of Horace Greeley, with an Introduction by Cassius M. Clay" (New York, 1872); "Thoughts for Young Men and Women of America (1873) Life of Gen. William S. Harney" (St. Louis, 1875); and "Railway and River Systems" (1879).

Reinke, Amadeus Abraham, clergy man, born in Lancaster, Pa., March 11, 1822; died in Herrnhut, Germany, Aug. 12, 1889. He was a son of the Rev. Samuel Reinke, D.D., bishop of the Moravian Church in the United States, was graduated at the Moravian Theological Seminary at Bethlehem, Pa., was appointed missionary to Jamaica in 1844, and afterward held pastorates in Salem, N. C., Graceham, Md., New Dorp, Staten Island, Philadelphia, and New York city, serving in the latter from 1865 till shortly before his death. He was a delegate to the General Moravian Synod of the World in Germany in 1869, was elected bishop at the synod in York, Pa., in 1870, was president of the synod in Bethlehem, Pa., in October, 1888, and was chosen by it a member of the provincial executive committee and delegate to the General Moravian Synod of the World held in Herrnhut in 1889.

Reno, Marcus A., soldier, born in Illinois, about 1835; died in Washington, D. C., March 31, 1889. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1857, and was appointed brevet second lieutenant in the First Dragoons. In the permanent establishment he was promoted second lieutenant, June 14, 1858; first lieutenant, April 25, 1861; captain First United States Cavalry, Nov. 12, 1861; and major Seventh United States Cavalry, Dec. 26, 1868; was brevetted major for gallantry at Kelly's Ford, Va., March 17, 1863; lieutenant-colonel for Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864; colonel United States army and brigadiergeneral United States Volunteers for meritorious services during the war, March 13, 1865; and was dismissed the service April 1, 1880. In the volunteer service he was appointed colonel of the Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Jan. 1, 1865, and was mustered out on July 20. In 1876 he took part in the campaign against the Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull, as second in command of his regiment, of which George A. Custer was colonel, and it was charged that in the action on the Little Big Horn, where Gen. Custer and nearly all his regiment were killed, Reno failed to support his comrades and escaped through cowardice. For this he was dismissed the service, though other serious charges had been made against him.

Rice, Charles Allen Thorndike, editor, born in Boston, Mass., June 18, 1851; died in New York city, May 16, 1889. His mother decided to educate him abroad, but the vessel on which they embarked was wrecked the first night out. Taking to the boats, they gained the shore; but, fearing the violence of the crew, Mrs. Rice separated herself from the survivors, and fled with her child into the woods. A second attempt to reach the Old World proved more fortunate, and they settled in Germany. There Mrs. Rice married Prof. Koffler, a distinguished scholar of Darmstadt, who supervised his step-son's education, and to his efforts the boy's familiarity with the modern languages was largely due. In 1870 he entered Christ Church, Oxford. Finding his German training of some disadvantage, he set himself energetically to work to master the difficulties, and took his B. A. and M. A. degrees in the shortest time the rules of the university permitted. While at Oxford he frequently went to Paris, where he had many relatives, and during one of these visits he heard the proclamation of the third French republic from the steps of the Hôtel de Ville. He was also among the first to enter Paris after the overthrow of

the Commune. On finishing his course at Oxford, he returned to the United States and studied law at the Columbia Law School, New York. His early impres

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sions were always very strong, and one of them, no doubt, contributed largely to his success. "When I was a child," he frequently said, " my mother used to place me on a chair, and make me repeat 'No, no, It is the hardest word to learn-that little word no." He had inherited a large fortune, and, realizing that journalism offered the most congenial field for carrying out his objects in life, he seized, in 1876, an opportunity of purchasing the North American Review," determining to make it the mouth-piece of both sides of every question. "Give me men of action," was a favorite expression of Mr. Rice's. He consequently believed that the leader in any movement, the originator of anything new in science, or the person distinguished by his deeds, was the best exponent of his views or acts, even though lacking in skill to express them in the choicest literary style; and his sagacity was proved when the "Review" quickly resumed its lead of all similar periodicals in the country. When the labor troubles arose in Pittsburg, in 1877, he went thither to study the question. He wished to obtain from Thomas Scott, President of the Pennsylvania Railroad, an explanation of the situation, and Mr. Scott promised to write the article. But the riots compelled him to decline at the last moment. Mr. Rice gained access to Mr. Scott in his private car, and, in spite of his remonstrances and objections, took down with his own hand that gentleman's views on the state of affairs while the station in which the car stood was burning. Inspired by the works of John L. Stephens on the buried cities of Central America, Mr. Rice resolved to perfect the task of unearthing the antiquities of those countries. He enlisted the sympathics of a New York merchant, and the result was that an expedition, under the lead of M. Charnay, was sent to Central America in 1880 at the joint expense of the French Government and Pierre Lorillard. Mr. Rice was made an officer of the Legion of Honor for his successful management of this undertaking, and he wrote the introduction to the American edition of M. Charnay's account of his exploration. In the spring of 1884 Mr. Rice founded "Le Matin" in Paris. His object was to supply the French people with a daily paper on the American plan. "I have tried that principle," said an experienced French editor; "indeed, I went into it thoroughly, spending no less, some weeks, than three thousand francs for news alone. I found the real Parisian was more interested in the horse that slipped opposite the Théatre Français than in the news of the universe." Nevertheless, Mr. Rice persevered, and the paper was established on a firm footing. On returning to America he established a press syndicate, earnestly advocated a new copyright law, and in 1885 edited

the "Reminiscences of Abraham Lincoln." In the autumn of 1886 he was nominated for Congress, and the nomination was adopted by the Labor party. He lost his election by treachery, and this defeat opened his eyes to the defects of the present system. Thereupon, he drafted a ballot-reform bill, of which Senator Saxton, in the "North American Review," thus speaks: "My first inspiration in this line was drawn from his efforts and the draft of the bill made by him and published in the New York papers two or three years ago." In a series of articles, he had previously disclosed the lamentable condition of affairs in Delaware, where dead men, it was claimed, had long figured as voters, and in acknowledgment of his services he was earnestly besought to move into that State and to take a place in the approaching contest for the senatorship. Though never a bitter partisan, he was always an enthusiastic Republican, and in 1888 the office of Aqueduct Commissioner was offered to him in New York; next in 1888 the Republican nomination for Mayor was tendered him, and, with the return of his party to national power, he was appointed minister to Russia, being the youngest man that ever received a first-class mission, with the exception of Mr. Adams. Mr. Rice's wide sympathies gained for him a large circle of friends, and these were not confined to one country or to any particular class. Gladstone is said to have observed of him that he was the most fascinating young man he had ever met. Victor Hugo entertained him frequently at his house, as did Prince Napoleon. With Robert Browning he was intimate; while in his own country there was scarcely a person prominent in politics, literature, or art with whom he was not on friendly terms. His generosity was proverbial, and his purse was always open to the needy.

Rice, Edmund, lawyer, born in Waitsfield, Vt., Feb. 14, 1819; died in White Bear, Minn., July 11, 1889. He received a common-school education, removed to Kalamazoo, Mich., in 1838, studied law and was admitted to the bar, was appointed register of the Court of Chancery in 1841, and subsequently master in chancery and clerk of the Supreme Court. He served through the Mexican War, and practiced law in St. Paul, Minn., from 1849 till 1855. He was President of the Minnesota and Pacific Railroad Company in 1857-'63, of the St. Paul and Pacific in 1863-72, and trustee till 1879, and of the St. Paul and Chicago in 1863-'77; was a member of the Territorial Legislature in 1851, of the State Senate in 1864-'66 and 1874-76, and of the State Assembly in 1867, 1872, 1877 and 1878; was Mayor of St. Paul in 1881-183 and 1885-'87; and was elected to Congress from the Fourth Minnesota District as a Democrat in 1886.

Ricord, Philippe, physician, born in Baltimore, Md., Oct. 10, 1800 died in Paris, France, Oct. 22, 1889. He began studying medicine in Philadelphia, and in 1820 went to Paris, where he received his degree in 1826. He practiced two years in Olivet, near Orléans, and on returning to Paris in 1881 delivered lectures on surgery, which secured his appointment as surgeonin-chief of the "Hôpital des Vénériens du Midi." He occupied this office continuously till 1860, when he resigned and resumed private practice as a specialist. Two years later he was appointed physician in ordinary to Prince Napoleon, and having attended Napoleon III during a severe illness, he became consulting surgeon to the Emperor in 1869. He was appointed commander of the Legion of Honor in 1860, and for his services as chief of the French ambulance corps during the Franco-German War and in the Siege of Paris was promoted to be a grand officer in 1871. Dr. Ricord was author of medical and surgical works, and invented several surgical instruments that were "crowned" by the French Academy.

Riker, James, historian, born in New York city, May 11, 1822; died in Waverly, N. Y., July 15, 1889. He was educated for the ministry, but failing health prevented him from following it, and from 1849 till 1857 he was principal of the public school in Harlem, N. Y. In 1858 he became connected with the American Home

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Missionary Society, and served it till 1864, when he received an appointment in the United States Revenue Service, which he held three years. In 1869 he removed to Waverly, and in 1885 established a library there, of which he was appointed librarian. His published works include: A Brief History of the Riker Family" (New York, 1851); "The Annals of Newtown" (1852); "Harlem: its Origin and Early Annals" (1881); and The Indian History of Tioga County" (Syracuse, 1888). At the time of his death he had in preparation "A Dictionary of the First Settlers of New Netherland prior to the Year 1700.” Rollins, Edward Henry, legislator, born in Somersworth (now Rollinsford), Strafford County, N. H., Oct., 3, 1824; died in the Isles of Shoals, N. H., July 31, 1889. He received an academic education, was for some time a teacher, and engaged in mercantile pursuits. He was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1855, 1856 and 1857, and Speaker the two last years, was chairman of the Republican State Committee at its organization and for many years thereafter. During this service with the Republican State Committee, he made annually a severely accurate political canvass of the State by school districts. Infusing his hundreds of correspondents with his own force and energy, he did this so correctly that it became his custom to announce a few days before voting what the result of an election would be. One year his canvass came within fewer than a hundred votes of the declared result, in a State with 70,000 voters. His methods attracted much notice, and were adopted in other States. He was chairman of the State delegation to the National Republican Convention in 1860, and was Representative in Congress from July 4, 1861, till March 4, 1867, serving as chairman of the committees on Accounts and on Public Expenditures. In 1869 he was elected secretary of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, and in 1871 its treasurer, and in March, 1877, was elected United States Senator for the term ending March 4, 1883. While he was in the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Manufactures, and member of the committees to audit and control the contingent expenses of the Senate on naval affairs, and on civil service and retrenchment, and of the joint committees on enrolled bills and on public buildings and grounds. His energetic and watchful ways made him a very useful man at Washington, as it was his habit to look sharply after details that are often neglected.

Rowe, George Fawcett, actor, born in Exeter, England, in 1836; died in New York city, Aug. 29, 1889. He began his career as a scenic painter in London theatres, but in 1852 he went to the gold fields of Australia, where he soon tired of mining life, and sought employment in painting and acting in several of the large cities. He subsequently settled in Melbourne, and for eight years managed the principal theatre there, extending a hearty welcome to American actors, including Joseph Jefferson, John Drew, and Avonia Jones. While there he wrote, adapted, and translated nearly fifty plays. On leaving Melbourne he went to China and South America, and in 1865 made his first appearance in the United States at the Olympic Theatre, New York, as D'Artagnan in the "Three Guardsmen." At the close of the season he returned to England, and soon afterward appeared in London as Wilkins Micawber, a character with which he greatly increased his popularity. Returning to the United States, he produced his original "Geneva Cross," the American drama "Fifth Avenue," and the comedy" Brass,' and was afterward engaged in dramatic writing, acting, and managing, occasionally making professional trips abroad, and spending several summers in Alpine loitering.

Saltus, Francis S., author, born in New York city in 1849; died in Tarrytown, N. Y., June 24, 1889. He was educated at Columbia College, spent many years in Europe, made himself master of ten different languages, contributed to magazines and newspapers a large number of sketches and poems in English, French, German, and Italian, both under his own

name and his pen-name "Cupid Jones," and was an accomplished musician. He published four comic operas, a comic history of the United States, and Honey and Gall," a volume of poems (Philadelphia, 1873). At his death he left the completed manuscripts of "The Witch of Endor" and fifty long poems on Biblical subjects, "Flask and Flagon," "Poems of Places," "Pastels and Profiles," "Flower and Thorn," "Flesh and Spirit," "Moods of Madness," an unnamed volume of French poetry, and two volumes of humorous poetry; and in prose "A Life of Donizetti," "A Life of Rossini," "Kings of Song," "Great Baritones," "Romance of the Opera," monographs on Bellini and Mercadante, a musical dictionary, and over one thousand musical sketches. He also left similarly comic histories of France, Greece, Germany, England, and Rome, a comic "Robinson Crusoe," and a large number of comic sketches.

Schmidt, Henry Immanuel, clergyman, born in Nazareth, Pa., Dec., 21, 1806; died in New York city, Feb. 11, 1889. He received his preparatory training in the Moravian academy in his native place, and in 1829 was licensed as a Lutheran clergyman, with which Church he was connected during the remainder of his life. He was successively pastor in Bergen County, N. J., in 1881-233: assistant professor in Hartwick Seminary, New York, in 1833-236; pastor in Boston, Mass., in 1836-'38; Professor of German and French in Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, Pa., in 1838-39, and of German in the theological seminary there in 1839-43; pastor at Palatine, N. J., in 1843-45; Principal of Hartwick Seminary, New York, in 1845-'48; and Professor of German Language and Literature in Columbia College, New York, in 1848-'80. On Nov. 1, 1880, he was retired as professor emeritus. He published "History of Education" (1842); "Scriptural Character of the Lutheran Doctrine of the Lord's Supper" (1852); and “Course of Ancient Geography" (1860).

Schoonmaker, Cornelius Marius, naval officer, born in Kingston, N. Y., Feb. 2, 1839; died off Apia, Samoa, March 15, 1889. He was graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1859; promoted passed midshipman, Jan. 19, 1861; master, Feb. 23, 1861; lieutenant, Aug. 31, 1861; lieutenant-commander, Dec. 24, 1865; commander, Feb. 14, 1873; and captain, Oct. 7, 1886; and was appointed to command the United States steamship "Vandalia," April 5, 1888. During his service in the navy he had been on sea duty sixteen years: on shore or other duty thirteen years and five months; and was unemployed five years and ten months. He served on the gunboat "Sagamore" in 1861-'62, and on the "Octorara," of the Western Gulf squadron in 1863-64; took part in the passage of the forts in Mobile Bay, in the encounter with the Confederate iron-clad Tennessee," and in the capture of Forts Morgan and Gaines; was navigator of the "Juniata" in 1864, and of the steam frigate "Piscataqua" in 1867-'69; commanded the "Frolic" in 1872-174, and brought home from St. John's the survivors of the crew of the wrecked Arctic exploring vessel "Polaris"; and commanded the "Nipsic" in 1879-'81. On April 5, 1888, he was appointed to command the "Vandalia" on a three years' cruise, but at the outbreak of the troubles on and about the Samoan Islands, he was ordered to that station. He reached Apia on Feb. 23, 1889, and in the great hurricane of March 15 both his vessel and the "Trenton" were wrecked, and he, three officers, and thirty-nine of the crew of the "Vandalia" lost their lives.

Scott, John, lawyer, born in Huntingdon County, Pa., July 14, 1824; died in Pittsburg, Pa., March 22, 1889. He received a common-school education; was admitted to the bar in 1846; was prosecuting attorney of his county in 1846-49; served on the Board of Revenue Commissioners in 1851; was elected a member of the Legislature as a war Democrat in 1861; was President of the Republican State Convention in 1867; and was elected United States Senator as a Republican, Jan. 19, 1869. In the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Claims. He

was formerly President of the Pittsburg, Virginia, and Charleston Railroad Company, a director of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, a founder of the Edgar Thomson Steel Company, and, at the time of his death, President and one of the receivers of the Alleghany Valley Railroad Company.

Shepard, Charles Augustus Billings, publisher, born in Salem, Mass., Oct. 18, 1829; died in Boston, Mass., Jan. 25, 1889. He received a public-school education, entered the book store of John P. Jewett in Salem, accompanied his employer to Boston in 1846, and established himself in the publishing business there in 1855. In the panic of 1857 he was forced to suspend, but in 1862 he reappeared as a publisher in conjunction with William Lee, with whom he established the firm of Lee and Shepard. In 1872 the firm lost heavily by the great fire in Boston, but survived the catastrophe, built new quarters in 1873 and 1885, and opened a branch store in New York. Among the works published by the firm were those of William T. Adams, Rebecca S. Clarke, Amanda Douglas, Prof. James De Mille, John T. Trowbridge, David R. Locke, T. W. Higginson, P. B. Shillaber, George M. Baker, and the Rev. Elijah Kellogg.

Singleton, Otho R., lawyer, born in Jessamine County, Ky., Oct. 14, 1814, died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 11, 1889. He was graduated at St. Joseph's College, Bardstown, Ky., and at the Lexington Law School, removed to Mississippi in 1838, served two years in the State Assembly and six years in the State Senate, was a Democratic presidential elector in 1852, was elected to Congress in 1852-256 and 1858, and withdrew Jan. 12, 1861, to join the Confederacy. From 1861 till 1865 he was a member of the Confederate Congress, and from 1874 till March 4, 1887, Representative in the United States Congress from the Fifth Mississippi District.

Smith, William Nathan Harrell, lawyer, born in Murfreesborough, N. C., Sept. 14, 1812; died in Raleigh, N. C., Nov. 14, 1889. He was graduated at Yale College in 1834, and was admitted to the bar in North Carolina in 1840. In the latter year he served in the Lower House of the Legislature, and in 1848 became a State Senator and solicitor for the First Judicial District. He held the office of solicitor for sixteen years, and was elected to Congress in 1859. During the memorable contest for the speakership in which William Pennington, of New Jersey, gained the office, Judge Smith was supported as opposition candidate by the majority of the Southern Representatives. He served in the Confederate Congress in 1861-65. In the impeachment of Gov. Holden, he was the leading counsel for the defense. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of North Carolina to fill a vacancy in 1878, and had since served by-elections.

Staunton, Emily Ingham, educator, born in Saybrook, Conn., in 1811; died in Oil City, Pa., Nov. 1, 1889. She was the youngest of two daughters of Amasa Ingham, who were well educated and engaged in teaching. In 1834, with a joint capital of $5,000, the two sisters settled in Attica, N. Y., and opened a school. Three years afterward the citizens of Leroy induced them to remove to that village, and aided them in establishing Leroy Female Seminary. In 1840 the institution was incorporated, in 1852 it became a college, and in 1857 it received the privileges of a full univer sity and the name of Ingham. Emily Ingham took charge of the educational work of the university, and Marietta, the financial management till her death in 1867. In 1847 Emily married Phineas Staunton, who greatly aided her in her work till the beginning of the civil war, when he entered the national army and was so severely injured in the battle of Fair Oaks that he had to retire from the service. After the war he made large collections in Europe and South America, to equip a department of natural sciences in the university. He died in Quito in 1869, His widow erected a memorial to him in the form of a university observatory, and in 1870 provided as a second memorial the art conservatory. In those de

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partments she deposited the results of her husband's scientific researches and his choicest paintings. She remained at the head of the university till 1887, when she placed it under the management of its alumne. Stearns, Jonathan French, clergyman, born in Bedford, Mass., in September, 1808; died in New Brunswick, N. J., Nov. 11, 1889. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1830, studied theology at Andover, and was licensed to preach in October, 1834. Sept. 16, 1835, he was installed pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Newburyport, Mass., and remained there till December, 1849. He was then called to the First Presbyterian Church in Newark, N. J., and remained in that pulpit till February, 1883, when he was retired. Dr. Stearns was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in 1868, and was active in promoting the reunion of the old and new school branches. He was author of " Historical Discoveries relating to the First Presbyterian Church in Newark" (1853), which is the basis of all subsequent histories of the city and vicinity.

Steinway, Theodore, manufacturer, born in Brunswick, Germany, Nov. 6, 1825; died there, March 25, 1889. He was the eldest son of Henry E. Steinway, founder of the American firm of Steinway & Sons, piano manufacturers, became a noted player on the piano when eight years old, and was educated in all the mechanical and scientific details of his father's business. In 1850 the elder Steinway came to the United States to establish a piano factory, and brought with him all his sons excepting Theodore, whom he left in Brunswick to manage his business there. On the death of two of his brothers in 1865, Theodore came to New York to assist his father, and from 1871, when his father died, till 1884, when he returned to Brunswick, he was the head of the American firm. He made the first cast-steel frame used for a piano in 1870, and took out thirty-four American patents, most of which related to upright instruments. He had in his Brunswick home a famous collection of musical instruments.

Stratton, John L. N., lawyer, born in Mount Holly, N. J., in 1817; died there, May 17, 1889. He was graduated at Princeton in 1836, was admitted to the bar in 1839, was elected to Congress in 1858 and 1860, and served there as a member of the committees on Elections, on Ways and Means, and on National Armories. Subsequently he became collector of internal revenue for his district.

Sturgis, Samuel Davis, soldier, born in Shippensburg. Pa., June 11, 1822; died in St. Paul, Minn., Sept. 2, 1889. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1846, and entered the army as brevet second lieutenant Second Dragoons. In the permanent establishment he was promoted second lieutenant, Feb. 16, 1847; first lieutenant, July 15, 1853; captain First United States Cavalry, March 3, 1855; major, May 3, 1861; lieutenant colonel Sixth Cavalry, Oct. 27, 1863; and colonel Seventh Cavalry, May 6, 1869; was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, Aug. 10, 1861, for services at Wilson's Creek, Mo.; colonel, Aug. 29, 1862, for the second Bull Run; brigadiergeneral and major-general, March 13, 1865, for South Mountain and Fredericksburg; and was retired June 11, 1886. In the volunteer service he was appointed brigadier-general, Aug. 10, 1861, and was mustered out Aug. 24, 1865. He was captured by the Mexicans at Buena Vista, and was in service against the Indians during a large part of his military life.

Swett, Leonard, lawyer, born in Turner, Me., Aug. 11, 1825; died in Chicago, Ill., June 8, 1889. He was educated at Waterville (now Colby) University, bat was not graduated; studied law in Portland, Me., and in Madison, Ind. ; enlisted in the Fifth Indiana Infantry for service in the Mexican War, was taken prisoner at Vera Cruz, and after his release was discharged from the service and began practicing law in Bloomington, Ill., in 1848. He became an intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln and David Davis, and for several years traveled on horseback a circuit of fourteen counties, building up a large practice. In 1858 he was