"Lenapee," "Maumee," in which he took part in the bombardment and capture of Fort Fisher and the works for the defense of Wilmington, and the monitor Sangamon," with which he cleared the James river of torpedoes almost up to Richmond. After the civil war, he discovered and surveyed the Cultivator shoal off Cape Cod; was executive officer at the Brooklyn Navy Yard from 1870 till 1874; commanded the Swatara " on the expedition to observe the transit of Venus, and landed scientific parties on Desolation and Chatham islands, at New Zealand, and Tasmania; hastened to the Auckland Islands to rescue a party of Germans reported to be in distress there, for which he was thanked by the German Government; and was commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard from 1884 till his assignment to command the Asiatic squadron.

Chapman, John Gadsby, artist, born in Alexandria, Va., in 1808; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 28, 1889. He studied painting in Rome with Gibson, Crawford, and Terry, and on his return to the United States had studios in New York and Washington. While in New York he gave instruction in wood engraving for many years, was a founder of the Century Club, and was elected a member of the National Academy. In 1848 he removed to Rome, Italy, where, excepting brief residences in Paris, he lived till within a few years. Before permanently returning to New York, he made an artistic tour of Mexico. His paintings include "The Baptism of Pocahontas," in the rotunda of the National Capitol; "Sunset on the Campagna "Etruscan Girl"; "Vintage Scene"; and Stone Pines in the Barberini Valley" and his etchings, "The Return from the Vintage"; "A Monk asking for Alms • 66 Italian Goatherds": "The Gleaner"; "A View on the Campagna"; and "The Departure of Sancho."

Chase, Benjamin, historian, born in Auburn, N. H., July 7, 1799; died there, May 3, 1889. He was apprenticed to the millwright's trade and followed it for several years. He was one of the most active of the early abolitionists in New Hampshire, and in 1835 helped to organize and became treasurer of the Chester Antislavery Society. Subsequently, with a few other abolitionists, he guaranteed the expense of the publication of "The Herald of Freedom "at Concord. In 1869 he published a large illustrated history, of more than 700 pages, of the old town of Chester, on the compilation of which he had been engaged for many years, and which is regarded as an exceedingly valuable contribution to the history of his State. He took an active interest in the work of public education, and did much to promote it.

Chittenden, Simeon Baldwin, merchant, born in Guilford, Conn., March 29, 1814; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 14, 1889. Before he became of age he joined a brother in opening a store in New Haven, and he remained there till 1842, when he removed to New York city and established himself in the wholesale drygoods business, with residence in Brooklyn. He applied himself closely to his business till 1874, and then, on being elected to Congress from the Third New York District as a Republican, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Gen. Stewart L. Woodford, retired from active management. During the civil war he gave unstintingly of his time, labor, and money to uphold the Government; was a founder of the Union Defense Committee of New York and the War Fund Committee of Brooklyn, and was one of the Northern merchants who were black-listed in a Richmond newspaper because of their Union sentiments. He was a founder, and for eight years managing director, of the Brooklyn Union," which was established in 1863 to promote the national cause. While actively engaged in business he was a founder of the Continental Life Insurance Company and the Continental Bank, a trustee of the United States Trust Company, director of the Union Ferry Company, President of the New Haven and New London Railroad Company, and director of other railroad companies and corporations. He also was a founder of the Church of

the Pilgrims, the Brooklyn Library, and the Long Island Historical Society, and contributed liberally to the support of each. To Yale University he gave $250,000, including $100,000 for a new fire-proof library building in 1887, and proportionate sums to the Brooklyn Art Association, Young Women's Christian Association, Children's Aid Society, the Eye and Ear Infirmary, and to Yale University for the endowment of a professorship conditioned that it should not be named after him during his lifetime. His congressional career extended to 1881. During almost the whole of his service he was a member of the Committee on Coinage. He strongly opposed increased coinage, defended the national banking system, opposed the amendment to the resumption act of 1875 requiring the Government to reissue the redeemed legal tenders, and, believing that such reissue would virtually be a new issue, made up a test case for the United States Supreme Court and was there defeated, but on grounds deemed unsound by many constitutional lawyers. He was also instrumental in the erection of the statue of Washington on the steps of the Sub-Treasury building in Wall Street. Clayton, John Middleton, lawyer, born in Delaware County, Pa., Oct. 13, 1840; died in Plummerville, Ark., Jan. 29, 1889. He was educated in the common schools and in Barton's Seminary at Village Green, Pa., was admitted to the bar, and settled in Jefferson County, Ark. In 1870-'72 he was a member of the State Assembly, in 1872-74 of the Senate, and in 1876-'86, sheriff of the county, being elected to the latter office five times in succession, the last time having no opposition and polling the entire vote of both parties. In 1888 he was the Republican candidate for Congress from the Second Arkansas District, and, though he did not receive the Governor's certificate of election, both he and his friends claimed that he had been elected. He instituted a contest for the office, and went to Plummerville to take testimony in support of his claim. This occupied him several days, and in the evening of Jan. 29, while sitting at a table to write a letter in his room at a boarding-house, he was shot dead through a window by some person concealed outside of the house. He was a brother of Gen. Powell Clayton, formerly United States Senator from Arkansas. The assassin has not been arrested.

Colcock, William F., lawyer, born in South Carolina; died in Charleston, S. C., June 13, 1889. He was graduated in South Carolina College in 1823, was admitted to the bar, represented Prince William's Parish in the Legislature for several terms, and was for some time Speaker. He was a Representative in Congress from 1849 till 1853. Previous to and during the civil war he was collector of the port of Charleston. He was a member of the National Democratic Convention held in Charleston in 1860, and was one of the most earnest advocates of sccession.

Collin, John F., author, born in Hillsdale, Columbia County, N. Y., April 30, 1802; died there, Sept. 16, 1889. He received a common school education, and engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1834 he was elected member of the Assembly, and in 1845 was elected to Congress from the Twenty-ninth New York District. During 1879-'84 he published four volumes of political history, which are on the shelves of near ly every State library in the country and the libraries of many historical societies.

Collins, Charles Sidney, journalist, born in Utica, N. Y., April 23, 1827; died in Troy, N. Y., June 19, 1889. His father was a manufacturer of carpenters tools, and the son learned the trade. But at the age of sixteen, impelled by a love of adventure, be shipped before the mast, on a whaler, for a four-years' voyage around the globe. While the vessel was off the coast of California, during the Mexican War, the crew par ticipated in a military movement led by Commodore Stockton. After his return home, young Collins went into business with his father, first in Buffalo, N. Y., and afterward in Ravenna, Ohio. Still later he worked as a tool-maker in Rochester. He was thus employed

in 1854, when Alexander Mann, cditor of the Rochester daily "American," inquired who was the contributor that sent in so many remarkably good arti

cles, and was told by Chester P. Dewey, his associate editor, that it was a mechanic named Collins. The young tool-maker-who, by the way, was the most expert man at the trade in the city-was at once invited to a place on the staff of the "American," which he accepted. Three years later, when that paper was merged in the "Democrat," he became city editor, which place he held until 1864, when for a short time he was agent in New York city for the State Associated Press, and later was on the staff of the Troy Times." Returning to his post in the office of the "Democrat," he remained there till 1868, when he established the Rochester daily "Chronicle," and was its chief editor till it was consolidated with the "Democrat" in 1870. He then established the "News - Letter," a Sunday-morning paper. Two years later he returned to the Troy "Times," on which paper he was an editorial writer from that time until his death. He was at his desk in the office, writing an article, when the fatal stroke of apoplexy came, and the pen dropped in the middle of a sentence. Mr. Collins, though his school advantages had been small, had the education that comes of a fine memory and much good reading. He was remarkably familiar with the political and financial history of the country, and remembered minutely the careers of our public men; and this, combined with an acutely logical mind, sincerity of conviction, and an agreeable natural style, made him one of the best of journalists. Cooke, William Henry, clergyman, bern in Bloomfield, N. J., in October, 1837: died in New York city, Feb. 22, 1889. He was graduated at the University of the City of New York in 1858, and at the General Theological Seminary of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1863, and immediately after his ordination was appointed assistant to the Rev. Arthur Cleveland Coxe, D. D., now Bishop of Western New York. From this service he was called to the rectorship of Trinity Church, in Lansingburg, N. Y., where he remained till 1867. He then became one of the assistant ministers of Trinity parish, in New York city, and was appointed to the charge of St. John's Chapel, in Varick Street. He composed a mass service and a burial service, both of which elicited high commendation; wrote numerous articles on the subject of Church music for periodicals, published a book of hymns, and was President of the Church Music Association and the Oratorio Society for nearly fifteen years.

Cox, Samuel Sullivan, statesman, born in Zanesville, Ohio, Sept. 30, 1824; died in New York city, Sept. 10, 1889. He was a grandson of James Cox (who attained the rank of brigadier-general in the American

VOL. XXIX.-40 A

army of the Revolution, and was afterward a representative in Congress from New Jersey), and a son of Ezekiel Taylor Cox, well known in the early political history of Ohio. He was graduated at Brown University in 1846, studied law and was admitted to the bar in Cincinnati, traveled in Europe from 1850 till 1853, and on his return settled in Columbus, Ohio, and became editor of the "Ohio Statesman," which was then the Democratic organ of the State. In 1855 he was appointed secretary of the U. S. legation at London, but declined the office, preferring the similar one at Lima, Peru, which he occupied about a ycar. Returning home in 1856, he was elected to Congress as a Democrat, and began his long service in that body on March 4, 1857. By three re-elections he held his membership till 1865, covering two administrations and the period of the civil war. In 1864 he was defeated by Schuyler Colfax as candidate of his party for the speakership of the House of Representatives, and in 1865 removed to New York city. In 1868 he was elected to Congress from the Sixth New York District, and between the election and the assembling of Congress he made another trip to Europe. He was re-elected in 1870, his Republican opponent being Horace Greeley, and was nominated for congressman-at-large in 1872, when the entire Democratic State ticket was defeated; but the death of James Brooks soon afterward caused a vacancy, and he was again elected, and took his seat Dec. 1, 1873. From that time till 1885 he remained in Congress continually, and when, in March, 1885, he was nominated and confirmed as United States minister to Turkey not only his constituents but other admirers throughout the country petitioned the President to withdraw his nomination, that he might continue his congressional work. In the session of 1877-'78 he took upon himself, by a resolution of his own, the work of the new census law; and he was also the author of the plan of apportionment that was adopted by the House. He retained the Turkish ministry but a year, and, returning to New York, was again elected to Congress to fill a vacancy in the Ninth District, and was reelected in 1888. During his career in Congress he was several times Speaker pro tem. of the House; was a promoter of the Life-Saving Service from its inception, and its most constant champion; secured increased pay and vacations without deduction of pay for letter-carriers, and was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution. He was an able debater, and a man of great humor. He was author of "The Buckeye Abroad" (1853); "Puritanism in Politics" (1863); "Eight Years in Congress" (1865); "A Search for Winter Sunbeams" (1870); "Why we Laugh " (1876); "Free Land and Free Trade (1876): "Arctic Sunbeams" (1882); "Orient Sunbeams" (1882); "Three Decades of Federal Legislation" (1885); "The Isles of the Princes" and "The Diversions of a Diplomat in Turkey" (1887).

Crerar, John, manufacturer, born in New York city, about 1826; died in Chicago, Ill., Oct. 19, 1889. He was of Scotch parentage, and for many years prior to 1862 was a member of the New York firm of Jesup, Kennedy & Co. He was also President of the Mercantile Library Association and a member of the Century and Union League Clubs. In 1862 he removed to Chicago, where he became senior member of the railroad-supply firm of Crerar, Adams & Co., President of the Joliet and Chicago Railroad, director in numerous financial institutions, and a patron and director of religious, educational, and charitable organizations. His only political office was that of Republican presidential elector in 1888. He was never married. During his residence in Chicago he gave away large sums of money annually. His will made liberal bequests to his relatives, business associates, former New York partners, old friends, and the institutions he was interested in, and set apart the remainder of his estate, estimated at $2,250,000, for the erection and maintenance of a John Crerar Public Library in Chicago, from which sensational novels and skeptical works are to be excluded.

Croly, David Goodman, journalist, born in New York city, Nov. 3, 1829; died there, April 29, 1889. He learned and followed the silversmith's trade a year, studied in the University of New York, and became a reporter on the New York "Evening Post" in 1855. He spent three years with the "Evening Post" and the "New York Herald," and in 1858 established the "Daily News" in Rockford, Ill. Returning to New York, he was city editor and managing editor of the New York World" from 1860 till 1872, and was afterward editor of the New York Daily Graphic" till 1878, when failing health compelled his retirement from regular office duties. In 1872 he predicted the financial panic that occurred in the following year, and designated the firm of Jay Cooke & Co. as the one that would first fail. He was a frequent contributor to periodicals. He published a History of Reconstruction" (New York, 1868), a "Primer of Positivism" (1876), and other books.

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Culver, Erastus D., lawyer, born in Whitehall, Washington County, N. Y., in 1802; died in Greenwich, N. Y., Oct. 15, 1889. He was graduated at the University of Vermont in 1826, was elected to the New York Assembly in 1838 and 1841, was elected to Congress in 1845, and was United States minister to Peru from 1862 till 1870. In 1854 he became the second judge of the city court of Brooklyn, and served till 1861, and during the greater part of this time he was member of the firm of Culver, Parker & [Chester A.] Arthur.

Cummin, Hugh Hart, lawyer, born in Liverpool, Perry County, Pa., May 25, 1841; died in Cresson Springs, Pa., Aug. 11, 1889. He removed to Williamsport, Pa., in 1862, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1864, and practiced till 1878, when he was elected presiding judge of the Lycoming County district for a term of ten years. He brought a large arrearage of business up to date within two years, and at the end of his term had kept the business of the courts well in hand and reduced their annual expenses about half. On retiring from the bench he resumed practice in Williamsport, and was so engaged when the terrible flood of June 1, 1889, swept the West Branch valley. He devoted his entire time and energy to the relief of sufferers by the disaster, worked day and night, was elected treasurer of the Williamsport Citizens' Relief Committee, was appointed one of the State Flood commissioners, and was unanimously selected as resident representative and official executive for the distribution of the public fund to the Conemaugh valley sufferers. He responded at once to the new call of duty, though worn out and broken in health by his arduous labors, and remained at his post till within a month of his death, when he was compelled to retire from active duty, and died almost within sight of the scene of his heroic work.

Curley, James, clergyman, born in Roscommon County, Ireland, Oct. 25, 1796; died in Georgetown, D. C., July 24, 1889. His early education was meager, but a thorough teacher of mathematics settled near his home, and he applied himself with great eagerness to this study, and when, in 1817, he came to the United States he quickly found employment as bookkeeper in Philadelphia. In 1819 he removed to Frederick, Md., to accept the office of teacher of mathematics in the county academy. While so employed he felt a call to become a priest in the Roman Catholic Church, and studied French and Latin. In 1829 he completed his theological studies, and, after being ordained, returned to the college in 1831. He was appointed Professor of Philosophy and Natural Science, and held that chair for forty-eight years. His special subject of investigation was astronomy. He labored enthusiastically to secure an observatory for Georgetown College, and in 1844 succeeded. He first determined the meridian line of Washington. His observations, made before the establishment of the United States Naval Observatory, aided the projectors of that institution in determining a location for it, and have recently been verified by the United States Government astronomers and accepted as accurate by those connected with the English Royal Observatory.

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Cutler, William P., abolitionist, born in Marietta, Ohio, July 12, 1813; died there, April 11, 1889. was a grandson of the Rev. Manasseh Cutler (17451823), who was one of the first scientific explorers of the White mountains, took an active part in the settlement of the Northwest Territory, and was a Repiesentative in Congress from Massachusetts in 1800–704. William was graduated at the Ohio University, was a member of the Ohio Legislature in 1844-'47, Speaker during the last term, member of the State Constitutional Convention in 1850, President of the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad from 1850 till 1860, and Representative in Congress from July 4, 1861, till March 4, 1863, serving on the committees on militia and on invalid pensions. He was a Presbyterian and an early abolitionist, and introduced a resolution in the General Assembly of his Church in 1857 condemning the doctrine that slavery was sanctioned by the Bible, as a fundamental error with which the Presbyterian Church had no sympathy. He gave much of his time to literary work, and made many political and historical addresses.

Dana, Edmund Lovell, lawyer, born in Wilkesbarre, Pa., Jan. 29, 1817; died there, April 25, 1889. He was graduated at Yale College in 1839, was admittel to the bar in 1841, and practiced in Wilkesbarre till 1846. As commander of the Wyoming artillerists he tendered the services of the company for duty in Mexico in 1846, and served creditably in that country till July, 1848, when he was mustered out, and resumed practice. At the outbreak of the civil war he was major-general of the Ninth Division of Pennsyl vania Militia. He was appointed commandant of the State camp of organization and instruction near his home in 1862, elected colonel of the One Hundred and Forty-third Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers in October, 1862, and, serving till the close of the war, was mustered out with the rank of brevet brigadier-general. Returning to his home, he practiced law till 1857, when he was elected judge of the Eleventh Judicial District of Pennsylvania, and served ten years.

Davis, John Lee, naval officer, born in Carlisle, Sullivan County, Ind., Sept. 3, 1825; died in Washington, D. C., March 12, 1889. He was appointed a midshipman in the United States navy, Jan. 9, 1841; was promoted passed midshipman, Aug. 10, 1847; master, Sept. 14, 1855; lieutenant the following day; lieutenant-commander, July 16, 1862; commander, July 25, 1866; captain, Feb. 14, 1873; commodore, Feb. 4, 1882; and rear admiral, Oct. 30, 1885; and was retired Sept. 3, 1887. He was on sea duty twenty-six years and eleven months, on shore or other duty fourteen years and ten months, and was unemployed six years and three months. His first actual service was on blockading duty off Mexican ports in 1845-'46. In 1849 he captured a piratical vessel near Macao, China, and from that time till the early part of the civil war he was on home stations and squadrons and on coastsurvey duty. On Oct. 12, 1861, while executive offcer of the Water Witch," he was engaged in the attack upon the Confederate ram "Manassas," at the head of the Mississippi river passes, and for his services was offered the command of the " Water Witch,” but declined in favor of a senior officer. He was altcrward in command of the steamer 66 Vixen," the gunboat "Wissahickon," and the iron-clad "Montauk," all of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and captured numerous prizes and burned a Contederate schooner loaded with arms in the Little Ogeechice river, besides taking part in the attacks on Forts Wagner, Sumter, Gregg, and Moultrie, and other fortifications and batteries. In February, 1863. he engaged Fort McAllister and sank the privateer "Nashville." After the war he was on duty at the Philadelphia and Washington navy yards, served on the Light-house Board for three years, commanded the flag-ship Trenton" in the European squadron, and, after his promotion to rear admiral, performed his last duty as commander of the Asiatic squadron.

Dawson, Francis W., journalist, born in London, England, May 17, 1840; died in Charleston, S. C., March,

12, 1889. He entered journalism in London, but, becoming interested in the cause of the Southern States at the outbreak of the civil war, attached himself to the Confederate steamer "Nashville" while she was in English waters. After that vessel had run the blockade at Beaufort he was appointed a master's mate in the Confederate navy. He served a short time at Norfolk, then resigned his commission and enlisted as a private in a battery attached to the Army of Northern Virginia. He rose to the rank of captain, and after the war became a reporter on the Richmond "Examiner" and "Dispatch," then on the Charleston "Mercury," and in 1866 acquired an interest in the Charleston News," afterward consolidated with the "Courier," and was appointed editor-in-chief. He was a member of the Democratic State Executive Committee for about twenty years, and of the Democratic National Committee for eight years. He was also delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Chicago in 1884. On Nov. 22, 1883, Pope Leo XIII created him a knight of the order of St. Gregory the Great for his efforts in securing the passage of the anti-dueling law in South Carolina. Capt. Dawson was shot and killed by Dr. T. Ballard McDow, in the latter's office, and the doctor was acquitted of the charge of murder on June 29.

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Dawson, Samuel Kennedy, army officer, born in Pennsylvania about 1818; died in Orange, N. J., April 17, 1889. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1839, and assigned to the First Artillery as second lieutenant; was promoted first lieutenant, June 18, 1846; captain, March 31, 1853; major, and assigned to the Nineteenth United States Infantry, May 14, 1861; lieutenant-colonel, and transferred to the Fifteenth United States Infantry, July 4, 1863; colonel, commanding Nineteenth United States Infantry; was brevetted captain, April 18, 1847; colonel, Sept. 20, 1863; brigadier-general, March 13, 1865; and was retired for disability contracted in the line of duty, May 11, 1870. In 1839 he served at Plattsburg, N. Y., during the Canadian border troubles; in 1840 on the Maine frontier during the excitement over the boundary dispute; in 1845 accompanied the " army of occupation to Corpus Christi, Texas; in the Mexican War took part in the battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Cerro Gordo, and in the siege of Vera Cruz; in 1851-'53 was in the Seminole War in Florida; and in 1859 was in the pursuit of the marauders under the Mexican Cortina. His first service in the civil war was in the defense of Fort Pickens, Fla. In 1863 he was engaged in the Tennessee campaign, and, after being severely wounded in the Battle of Chickamauga, was kept on leave of absence and waiting orders till his retirement.

Day, Benjamin Henry, journalist, born in West Springfield, Mass., April 11, 1810; died in New York city, Dec. 21, 1889. He was apprenticed to the printer's trade, and in 1830 removed to New York city and found employment in the composing room of the "Journal of Commerce," and afterward in those of the "Evening Post" and the "Courier and Enquirer." In 1833 he established a printing office of his own, where he issued, on Sept. 3, the first number of the Sun" newspaper, which was the first one-cent periodical ever published. Not only was he the pioneer in cheap newspapers, but he was the first to organize a systein of newspaper delivery by boys, and the first to use steam power for printing, which he introduced in 1835. He prepared the copy, set the type, and printed by hand the first number of the paper, and by the spring of 1834 he was in a position to engage a reporter and to seek attractions. The first real impetus the paper received was through the publication of the famous "moon hoax." written by Richard Adams Locke in 1835. In 1838 Mr. Day sold the "Sun" to Moses Y. Beach, his brother-in-law, for $40,000. Two years afterward he established the "True Sun," which he soon sold, then the "Tatler," which did not succeed, and afterward, in conjunction with James G. Wilson, the famous broadside monthly "Brother Jonathan." He reprinted in it English

works of fiction, soon changed it to a weekly, and, after Mr. Wilson's death, began to bring out illustrated editions semi-annually, thus becoming also the pioneer in American illustrated journalism. In 1862 he ceased publishing "rother Jonathan " because of the increasing costliness of paper and his unwillingness to charge more than one dollar a year for it. Deane, Charles, author, born in Biddeford, Mc., Nov. 10, 1813; died in Cambridge, Mass., Nov. 13, 1889. From 1832 till 1864 he was in mercantile business in Boston. In early life he acquired a taste for American history, and began a collection of books, pamphlets, sermons, and addresses relating to the carly history of New England, which is now very valuable. He edited Gov. Bradford's History of Plymouth Plantation" (1856) and published "Some Notices of Samuel Gorton" (1850); "First Plymouth Patent" (1854); "Bibliography of Governor Hutchinson's Publications" (1857); Wingfield's Discourse of Virginia" (1860); and "Letters of Phillis Wheatley" (1864). After his retirement from business he published "Smith's True Relation"" (1866); Remarks on Sebastian Cabot's Mapple Monde" (1867); "Memoirs of George Livermore" (1869); and "The Forms in issuing Letters Patent by the Crown of England"; and "Bradford's "Dialogue on Third Conference"'" (1870). He received the degree of LL. D. from Bowdoin College in 1856.

De Lamater, Cornelius Henry, iron founder, born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., Aug. 30, 1821; died in New York city, Feb. 7, 1889. The family removed to New York when he was three years old, and his father found employment in the Phoenix Iron Works as cashier and confidential adviser. The son entered the iron works at the age of sixteen. On the death of Mr. Cunningham, the proprietor, in 1841, young De Lamater and a fellow-clerk, Peter Hogg, formed a partnership, and continued the business till 1857. In 1857 Mr. Hogg retired, and Mr. De Lamater founded the De Lamater Iron Works at the foot of West Thirteenth Street, and personally conducted it till after the civil war, when he retired for a short time. On resuming the management he was sole proprietor till 1873. He then took his son-in-law, George H. Robinson, into partnership, and on his retirement in 1882 admitted his son William. During the civil war he did a great deal of work for the Government, including the building of the famous "Monitor" and the "Dictator," from John Ericsson's plans, and afterward built the "Iron Witch," the first iron steamboat that navigated Hudson river, the machinery for the thirty gunboats ordered by the Spanish Government, the hot-air engines invented by Capt. Ericsson, and a great variety of lift and force power pumps and other heavy pieces of machinery. He was a rapidtransit commissioner in 1876-77, a member of the Union League Club and of the Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen, and always had a word of encouragement for a struggling inventor.

Desabaye-Chegaray, Eloise, educator, born in Paris, France, Feb. 1, 1792; died in New York city, Jan. 28, 1889. She was descended from the Huguenot family D'Amberbas, which went to San Domingo after the revocation of the edict of Nantes. Her father, Pierre Robert Prosper Désabaye, owned property in San Domingo and lived in Paris. The revolution under Toussaint L'Ouverture deprived him of the estate, and in 1797 he removed with his family to the United States. Eloise was educated in New Brunswick, N. J., and opened the first school of her own in Greenwich Street, New York, in May, 1814. She subsequently removed it to North Moore Street, St. John's Square, Fifteenth Street, and Madison Avenue, and during her long career as an educator taught the children of the best-known families in the city. She married a Frenchman named Chegaray, and, when too old to teach, lived in Philadelphia and New Brunswick till 1887, when she made her home in New York city.

Dewey, Nelson, ex-Governor of Wisconsin, born in Hamilton County, N. Y, in 1814; died in Cassville,

Wis., July 21, 1889. He removed to Wisconsin in 1836, was elected register of deeds in Grant County on its organization in 1837, represented the county in the second Legislative Assembly of Wisconsin Territory, and in 1842 became a member of the Territorial Council, and served in that body till 1846. He was Speaker of the Assembly in 1840 and President of the Council in 1846, was elected the first Governor of the State of Wisconsin in 1848, and re-elected in 1850. Since then he had held no public office excepting those of delegate to nearly every Democratic State Convention and presidential elector in 1888. In the office of Governor in the trying period of the first years of the State's existence his conduct of affairs proved advantageous to the State. He originated many of the business methods that are still practiced in the various departments of the State. He was also elected the first President of the Wisconsin Historical Society in 1849. Mr. Dewey was one of the Pioneers in the lead-mining industry of his State. Dickerson, Edward Nicoll, lawyer, born in Paterson, N. J., in 1824; died in Far Rockaway, N. Y., Dec. 12, 1889. He was a son of Philemon Dickerson, Governor of New Jersey, and a nephew of Mahlon Dickerson, Secretary of the Navy under President Jackson. He was graduated at Princeton in 1842, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and removed to New York city in 1852. Early in his legal career he determined to acquire a thorough mechanical and scientific education. Following this resolve, he became an inventor and one of the foremost patent lawyers in the United States. His first case of note was that brought to establish the validity of Samuel Colt's patent for firearms, which he won after a trial of three weeks, with Rufus Choate as opposing counsel. He next won the Wells hat-body case in Philadelphia, and increased his reputation by his defense in the case of Sickles vs. Burden, when he was opposed by Francis B. Cutting. After these successes he abandoned his practice for foreign travel and scientific investigation, made a tour of Europe, was the personal guest of the Emperor Nicholas of Russia during a long stay in that country, and visited the principal cities in South and Central America. On his return he patented improvements in steam engines, under which the engines of the sound steamers "Bristol," "Providence," and "Rhode Island" were built, designed a microscope of largely increased power, and, early in the civil war, made memorable protests to Secretary Welles and Congress against the plans decided on for building engines for naval vessels. His position on the "expansion" and "non-expansion" controversy was subsequently proved to be correct. In 1873 he returned to the bar, and from that time till his death was engaged in patent cases, among them the suit of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Com pany vs. George B. Prescott et al., involving the right of the Western Union Telegraph Company to use the quadruplex system of transmission, that of the American Bell Telephone Company es, the Pan-Electric, the People's, the National Improved, the Molecular, the Clay Commercial, and the Dolbear companies, and those involving electrical inventions in which he was counsel for Thomas A. Edison and the Western Union, Gold and Stock, and other companies.

Docharty, Gerardus Beekman, educator. born in Flushing, Long Island, N. Y., June 18, 1804; died in Hempstead, N. Y., March 8, 1889. He was educated by his father, James Docharty, a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, and was appointed assistant Professor of Mathematics in St. Paul's College, Flushing, in 1823. In 1839 he became principal of Oyster Bay Academy; in 1836, principal of Union Hall Academy in Jamaica, Long Island; in 1838, principal of Hempstead Academy; in 1843, proprietor of St. Thomas's Hall, a boys' school in Flushing, then owned by the Rev. Francis L. Hawks, and in 1848 was appointed Professor of Mathematics in the New York Free Academy. He held the latter office continuously for thirty-three years. Prof. Docharty was the author of a complete series of mathematical text-books, including an

"Arithmetic," 66 Algebra," ""Geometry and Trigonometry," Analytical Geometry," and the “Differential and Integral Calculus." He received the degree of LL. D. from Dickinson College.

Dolaro, Selina, singer, born in London, England, in 1853; died in New York city, Jan. 23, 1889. She studied music with an Italian master and at the Paris Conservatory, and made her first appearance on the stage at the Lyceum Theatre, London, as the Spanish princess in "Chilperic," Jan. 20, 1870. She achieved success in her first efforts, and then sang the principal parts in "Genevieve de Brabant," "Mme. Angot." ""La Perichole," "Carmen," and "Trial by Jury." After singing in the Philharmonic, Royalty, and Folly Theatres in London, and managing the two last named for a season each, she made a provincial tour. Her first appearance in the United States was at the Academy of Music, New York, as Carmen, in Italian, Oct. 27, 1879. Subsequently she sang in popular operas till 1884, when the first symptoms of consumption developed, and, in the hope of sparing her voice, she turned her attention to the drama, both as actor and author. She appeared at the Bijou Opera House in “The Snake Charmer"; produced at the New Park Theatre "Justine," an original adaptation from the French; wrote the plays "In the Fashion," brought out at the Madison Square Theatre at an author's matinee, May 19, 1887, and “Reading a Tragedy," played at the Star Theatre; and when she became too weak to appear on the stage, wrote newspaper articles, books, and plays as long as she was able to hold her pen. In 1888 she published "Mes Amours," a small volume of verse, and completed the manuscript of "Bella Demonia," a novel, and a week before her death finished a second novel.

He

Donaldson, Edward, naval officer, born in Baltimore, Md., Nov. 7, 1816; died there, May 15, 1889. was appointed a midshipman in the United States Navy, July 21, 1835; was promoted passed midshipman, June 22, 1841; lieutenant, Oct. 23, 1847; commander, July 16, 1862; captain, July 25, 1866; commodore, Sept. 28, 1871; rear admiral, Sept. 21, 1576; and was retired, Sept. 29, 1876. During his service in the navy he had been on sea duty eighteen years and one month; shore or other duty, thirteen years and three months; and was unemployed twenty-two years and ten months. While attached to the United States frigate "Columbia," of the East India squadron, he took part in the attacks on the forts on the coast of Sumatra in 1839. He served in McLaughlin's "mosquito" fleet in Florida in 1841-'42; on coast-survey duty in 1846; on the United States sloop" Plymouth," of the East India squadron, in 1847-'48: on the steamer Water Witch," in La Plata river, in 1853-154; on special service, with the steam frigate "Merrimae," in 1856-257; commanded the steam gunboat “ Scioto,” of the Western Gulf squadron, in 1861-262; was engaged in the passage of Forts Jackson and St. Philip and the Vicksburg batteries, and the capture of New Orleans; commanded the steamer" Keystone State." of the North Atlantic squadron, on the trip to the West Indies in search of the Confederate privateer "Sumter" in 1863; and commanded the "Seminole," at the battle of Mobile Bay, in August, 1864.

Du Pont, Henry, manufacturer, born near Wilming ton, Del., Aug. 8, 1812; died there, Aug. 8, 1889. He was the second son of Eleuthere Irenee du Pont de Nemours of France, who sought refuge in the United States from Jacobin persecution in 1800, and founded the Du Pont Powder Works, on Brandywine river, in Delaware. He was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1833 and assigned to duty at Fort Monroe as brevet second lieutenant in the Fourth United States Artillery: was on frontier service on the Creek Indian reservation in Alabama; and at his father's request resigned his commission on July 15, 1834, to assist in the manufacture of powder. His father died a few months afterward, and the brothers Henry and Victor Albert conducted the business till 1850, when the latter retired and the former assumed the chief direction, which he retained until his death.