In the space marked 2 is to be entered the number, in the order of visitation, of each family residing in your district. It is plain that if but one family resided in each house that the "House No." and the "Family No." would be the same; but as more than one family is likely to be found in many of the houses visited, the Family Number, necessarily, is greater than the House Number. In the 386th house visited you might find the 1298th family visited. A family comprehends a man or woman living alone, or a number living together. Hotels, hospitals, prisons, asylums, boarding-houses, colleges, boarding-schools, etc., for Census purposes, form but one family if having a common roof and table. Further instructions in relation to such large aggregations of people in one family will be found under Inquiry 12.

In the case of tenement houses and of "flats" in cities each separate family should have its own family number, as such families do not take their meals at a common table.

A person's home is where he sleeps. There are many people who lodge in one place and board in another; all such persons should be returned as members of that family with which they lodge.

This inquiry was understood and few errors were made.

24.-Inquiry 3.

(3) No. in this Family.
10

This is a simple question but the reply to it at once indicates the number of Population Schedules that you must fill out for each family. In the space above we have used the number 10. This might include a man and his wife, two sons, three daughters, an uncle, a lodger, and a domestic servant. You must be sure that the person giving you the replies thoroughly understands your question and does not omit any members of the family. As was stated under Inquiry 1 the three spaces in the Schedule so far referred to (House No., Family No., and Number in this Family) should be filled out upon one Schedule only for each family and that Schedule should be the one belonging to the head of the family, whether a man or a woman.

It is self-evident that in a

family containing but one person the Schedule for that person should contain the three entries above specified.

Very few errors were made by the enumerators in filling in the answers to this inquiry.

25.-Inquiry 4.

(4) Population No.

4957

This is the most important inquiry upon the Schedule. The object of the census is to count the people. The more Schedules the more people, for we can only return as the population of the State the figure that indicates the whole number of Schedules filled and sent to the Census Office.

Every person in the State, on the first day of May, 1885, must be returned upon one of the Population Schedules so that he or she may be counted or enumerated as part of the total population. When the total population of the State is secured by the counting of the Population Schedules, then we shall be able to ascertain the increase or decrease in the population of the State, and in each of its cities and towns.

No child born after the first day of May, 1885, should be entered upon a Schedule. On the other hand every person who was a resident of your district upon May 1, 1885, but who has died between that date and the day of your visit, should be entered on a Schedule as if still living; you thus see plainly that the object of the census is to obtain a list of living inhabitants on the first day of May, 1885.

Those persons whose usual place of abode was in a family in your district, but who, on May 1, 1885, were traveling or visiting out of the State, or who were absent in the Army, Navy, on business, or at sea in any capacity, should be included. Those temporarily absent from their usual place of abode, travelling, visiting, or on business in the State, on May 1, 1885, should be included. Residents of other States or foreign countries, who may be found temporarily present in any family in your district on May 1, 1885, should not be included.

All soldiers in the United States Army, and civilian employés

and all residents in Forts or on Military Reservations should be enumerated.

It is by law made the duty of each Enumerator to make all the Inquiries on the Population Schedule of the head of each family or of any other member of the family deemed credible and worthy of trust, and each and every member of the family is obliged by law to supply what information they can in reply to the Inquiries made by the Enumerator. If an Enumerator should fail to secure certain points of information from the members of any family, he should obtain the required information from other families or persons who may be able to correctly answer the Inquiries.

The number entered in the space numbered 4, when your enumeration is completed, will indicate the population of your district. This population total, we have before informed you, is confidential and must not be disclosed by you.

The Schedules must be kept in the exact order as indicated by the numbers written in space 4. The blue and red cards should follow each other in the order in which they were filled and they must remain in that order until they reach this office. If the population numbers do not follow each other in an exact consecutive order, Enumerators will be required to put them in the proper order, and no accounts will be approved until this duty is properly performed.

Particular care should be taken by the Enumerator to find and enumerate all individuals "living out of families.” Under instructions given, these people when found constitute families, but the difficulty consists in finding them, for they do not live in what are known as dwelling houses.

By individuals "living out of families" is meant all persons occupying lofts in public buildings, above stores, warehouses, factories, and stables, having no other usual place of abode; persons living solitary in cabins, huts, or tents; persons sleeping on river boats, canal boats, barges, etc., having no other usual place of abode ; and persons in police stations having no homes. Of the classes just mentioned, the most important, numerically, is the first, viz: those persons, chiefly in cities, who occupy rooms in public buildings, or above stores, warehouses, factories, and stables. In order to reach such persons, the Enumerator will need not only to keep his eyes open to all indications of such casual residence in his enu

meration district, but to make inquiry of the parties occupying the business portion of such buildings, of those living in the immediate vicinity, and also of the police.

Much must be left to the judgment of the Enumerator to obviate the danger that constantly exists that some persons will be enumerated in two places and others not counted at all. In each particular case he must satisfy himself as to the propriety of including or not including doubtful cases in his enumeration of any given family. It is better to risk double enumeration, if you think there is danger of the person not being enumerated at all.

Students at boarding schools or colleges should be enumerated there; if a student is at home ill or on a visit he will undoubtedly be enumerated at home. Seafaring men are to be enumerated at their land homes, no matter how long they may have been absent at sea, if they are supposed to be still alive. Persons engaged in transportation who return to their homes at stated intervals should be included in their own family return, made by wife, mother, etc. It is desirable that the wife or nearest relative of the head of each family should be enumerated second and that the children should follow according to their ages, beginning with the eldest.

Considering that the instructions were so explicit, there would seem that there should have been no necessity for errors as regards this inquiry, but it was misunderstood by many Enumerators; quite a number of the Enumerators failed to arrange their Schedules in the proper order by population number, but, as they were obliged to give the necessary time to so arrange them, they gained nothing by this disregard of instructions.

The preceding illustrations give sufficient indication of the way in which it is desired that the names of persons should be entered in spaces 5 and 6.

Very few, if any, errors were made. 27.-Inquiries 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.

This will be the usual form of entry for the above Inquiries in the case of towns. If there is a street number it should be entered, as, for instance, 89 Maple Street. If the population of any particular section of a town or village is desired by the local authorities and the boundary lines are so well defined as to render such a method of enumeration of value, then the Enumerator can enter the name of such district or village in space 7. It will be noticed that the X is used in spaces 9 and 10. Towns are not divided, as a rule, into wards and precincts, and in such cases the inquiry is inapplicable.

In the case of cities the entries, as a rule, will be as follows: