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899q. Central Statistical Committee and Board. That there are hereby established a Central Statistical Committee (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee") and a Central Statistical Board (hereinafter referred to as the "Board") to plan and promote the improvement, development, and coordination of, and the elimination of duplication in, statistical services carried on by or subject to the supervision of the Federal Government, and, so far as may be practicable, of other statistical services in the United States. Sec. 1, act of July 25, 1935 (49 Stat. 498); 5 U. S. C. 141.

The Board shall

(a) At the request of the President or the Committee, or may of its own motion, investigate and make recommendations with respect to any existing or proposed statistical work carried on by an agency of, or subject to the supervision of, the Federal Government;

(b) Have the power, with the consent of the agency concerned, to investigate and make recommendations with respect to any existing or proposed statistical work carried on by any agency in the United States other than the agencies specified in subsection (a) of this section;

(c) Have the power, subject to such rules and regulations as the President or the Committee may prescribe, to require from any agency specified in subsection (a) of this section information, papers, reports, and original records concerning any existing or proposed statistical work carried on by or subject to the supervision of any such agency: Provided, That this subsection shall not be construed to require or to make lawful any disclosure of confidential information when such disclosure is specifically prohibited by law;

(d) Plan and promote the economical operation of agencies engaged in statistical work and the elimination of unnecessary work both on the part of such agencies and on the part of persons called on by such agencies to furnish information;

(e) Perform such other duties consistent with section 1 of this Act as the president or the Committee may authorize, and make such reports to the Committee as the Committee may require; and

(f) Make an annual report to the Committee and to the President for transmittal to Congress. Sec. 5, act of July 25, 1935 (49 Stat. 499); 5 U. S. C. 145. Selection of members of the Central Statistical Board was provided for by Executive Order No. 7287, February 10, 1936.

Appropriation for expenses is found in Title 1, Supplemental Appropriation Act of February 11, 1936 (49 Stat. 1110).

All records relating to statistical work were ordered transferred to the Bureau of Efficiency by act of July 11, 1919 (41 Stat. 36).

By sec. 3, act of Nov. 4, 1919 (41 Stat. 343), "the Bureau of Efficiency is directed to investigate the scope and character of statistics needed by the Government, and the methods of collecting, compiling, and presenting statistical information by the several executive departments and independent Government establishments and submit to Congress a report of its findings together with such recommendations as it deems proper." The Bureau was abolished by the act of March 3, 1933, ante, 631.

900. War Council.-The Secretary of War, the Assistant Secretary of War, the General of the Army, and the Chief of Staff shall constitute the War Council of the War Department, which council shall from time to time meet and consider policies affecting both the military and munitions problems of the War Department. Such questions shall be presented to the Secretary of War in the War Council, and his decision with reference to such questions of policy, after consideration of the recommendations thereon by the several members of the War Council, shall constitute the policy of the War Department with reference thereto. Sec. 5b, added to the act of June 3, 1916, by sec. 5, act of June 4, 1920 (41 Stat. 765); 5 U. S. C. 184.

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901. Medal of Honor; establishment.-For three thousand medals of honor to be prepared, with suitable emblematic devices, upon the design of the medal of honor heretofore issued, or upon an improved design, together with appropriate rosettes or other insignia to be worn in lieu of the medal, and to be presented by direction of the President, and in the name of Congress to such officers, noncommissioned officers, and privates as have most distinguished, or may hereafter most distinguish, themselves by their gallantry in action, twelve thousand dollars: Provided, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to use so many of the medals and rosettes or other insignia provided for by this Act as may be necessary to replace the medals that have been issued under the joint resolution of Congress approved July twelfth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, and section 6 of the Act of Congress approved March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three: And provided further, That whenever it shall appear from official records in the War Department that any officer or enlisted man of the Army so distinguished himself in action as to entitle him to the award of the congressional medal of honor under the provisions of the sixth section of the Act of Congress approved March third, eighteen hun

dred and sixty-three, entitled "An Act making appropriations for the sundry civil expenses of the Government for the year ending June thirtieth, eighteen hundred and sixty-four, and for the year ending the thirtieth of June, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, and for other purposes," the fact that the person who so distinguished himself has since become separated from the military service, or that the award of the medal to him was not specifically recommended or applied for while he was in the said service, shall not be held to prevent the award and presentation of the medal to such person under the provisions of the law hereinbefore cited. Act of Apr. 23, 1904 (33 Stat. 274); 10 U. S. C. 1402, 1417, 1404.

That the holders of medals of honor under the Act approved July twelfth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, and section six of the Act approved March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, shall not be required to surrender such medals in case such medals are replaced, in pursuance of the provisions of the act of Congress approved April twenty-third, nineteen hundred and four; and that wherever the holders of such medals of honor have surrendered them, in order to receive the medals provided for by said Act approved April twenty-third, nineteen hundred and four, such medals shall be returned to them: Provided, That no recipient of both medals shall wear both medals at the same time. Pub. res. of Feb. 27, 1907 (34 Stat. 1422); 10 U. S. C. 1418.

The original Medal of Honor, issued under authority of pub. res. 52 of July 12, 1862 (12 Stat. 623), and sec. 6, act of Mar. 3, 1863 (12 Stat. 751), was of gold, without enamel, in the form of a star, with a symbolic group in the center, surrounded by a circle of stars, and suspended from a clasp in the form of an eagle perched on two crossed cannon with eight balls beneath.

By 1745, post, the Secretary of War is authorized to expend from the appropriations for contingent expenses of his department the sums necessary for the procurement of Medals of Honor, Distinguished-Service Crosses, Distinguished-Service Medals, etc.

The compilers of the United States Code have not followed the recommendations of the War Department (J. A. G. 010.3, Nov. 12, 1929, p. 217, and July 10, 1931, p. 99) that the portion of this section preceding the first proviso, act of April 23, 1904 (33 Stat. 274); 10 U. S. C. 1402, and that the last proviso, act of April 23, 1904 (33 Stat. 274); 10 U. S. C. 1404, be omitted from the code as fully executed, and having no field of operation, respectively. They are retained in the Military Laws as of historic interest.

902. Medal of Honor; rosette and ribbon.-That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby authorized to issue to any person to whom a medal of honor has been awarded, or may hereafter be awarded, under the provisions of the joint resolution approved July twelfth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, and the Act approved March third, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, a rosette or knot to be worn in lieu of the medal, and a ribbon to be worn with the medal; said rosette or knot and ribbon to be each of a pattern to be prescribed and established by the President of the United States, and any appropriation that may hereafter be available for the contingent expenses of the War Department is hereby made available for the purposes of this act: Provided, That whenever a ribbon issued under the provisions of this act shall have been lost, destroyed, or rendered unfit for use, without fault or neglect on the part of the person to whom it was issued, the Secretary of War shall cause a new ribbon to be issued to such person without charge therefor. Pub. res. of May 2, 1896 (29 Stat. 473); 10 U. S. C. 1405.

903. Medal of Honor; conditions of award. That the provisions of existing law relating to the award of medals of honor to officers, noncommissioned officers, and privates of the Army be, and they hereby are, amended so that the President is authorized to present, in the name of the Congress, a medal of honor only to each person who, while an officer or enlisted man of the Army, shall hereafter,

in action involving actual conflict with an enemy, distinguish himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Ch. I, act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 870); 10 U. S. C. 1403.

The President was authorized to bestow the Medal of Honor upon the unidentified British and French soldiers buried, respectively, in Westminster Abbey, London, England, and in the Arc de Triomphe, Paris, France, by act of Mar. 4, 1921 (41 Stat. 2757).

By the act of Aug. 24, 1921 (42 Stat. 191), the President was likewise authorized to bestow the Medal of Honor upon the unidentified soldier buried in the Memorial Amphitheater of the National Cemetery at Arlington, Va., and by the joint resolution of Oct. 12, 1921 (42 Stat. 203), upon the unidentified soldier buried in the National Monument to Victor Emanuel II. in Rome, Italy.

For additional pay by reason of award of Medal of Honor, see post, 1434.

904. Medal of Honor; recall.* * And in any case in which said board shall find and report that said medal was issued for any cause other than that hereinbefore specified the name of the recipient of the medal so issued shall be stricken permanently from the official medal of honor list. It shall be a misdemeanor for him to wear or publicly display said medal, and, if he shall still be in the Army, he shall be required to return said medal to the War Department for cancellation. * Sec. 122, act of June 3, 1916 (39 Stat. 214);

10 U. S. C. 1419.

*

905. Distinguished-Service Cross.-That the President be, and he is hereby, further authorized to present, but not in the name of Congress, a distinguishedservice cross of appropriate design and a ribbon, together with a rosette or other device, to be worn in lieu thereof, to any person who while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States since the sixth day of April, nineteen hundred and seventeen, has distinguished, or who shall hereafter distinguish, himself or herself by extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy. Ch. I, act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 870); 10 U. S. C. 1406.

That the Distinguished Service Cross shall be issued to all enlisted men of the Army to whom the certificate of merit was issued under the provisions of previously existing law in lieu of such certificate of merit. Sec. 1, act of Mar 5, 1934 (48 Stat. 396); 10 U. S. C. 1408a.

Those persons who have heretofore received the Distinguished Service Medal in lieu of the certificate of merit under the provisions of the Act of July 9, 1918 (40 Stat. 870-872), shall be issued the Distinguished Service Cross provided the Distinguished Service Medal is first surrendered to the War Department. Sec. 2, act of Mar. 5, 1934 (48 Stat. 396); 10 U. S. C. 1408a.

By the act of Aug. 24, 1921 (42 Stat. 191), the President was authorized to bestow the Distinguished Service Cross upon the unidentified soldier buried in the Memorial Amphitheater of the National Cemetery at Arlington, Va.

For additional pay by reason of the award of this decoration, see 1434, post.

906. Distinguished-Service Medal. That the President be, and he is hereby, further authorized to present, but not in the name of Congress, a distinguishedservice medal of appropriate design and a ribbon, together with a rosette or other device, to be worn in lieu thereof, to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States since the sixth day of April, nineteen hundred and seventeen, has distinguished, or who hereafter shall distinguish, himself or herself by exceptionally meritorious service to the Government in a duty of great responsibility; and said distinguished-service medal shall also be issued to all enlisted men of the Army to whom the certificate of merit has been granted up to and including the date of the passage of this act under the provisions of previously existing law, in lieu of such certifi

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