nings without board, were less than in the café itled to board in addition.

by heads of departments that under the present 1 of advancement, young men of ability refuse to gthy period in the service unrewarded; and this nstrated.

1 right to be dissatisfied, it must not be forgotten ges of women are still greater; as their entrance eir chance of promotion in most offices is repre

ficer, and even many a bureau officer, has set an which women, regardless of the grade of their

ot cross.

n are no strangers to the Hoover economics; and one meatless and one wheatless day a week would f luxury.

mirable efficient women to receive their first adyears old. It looked to me like what my Catholic ting for death.”

women had lost her three sons on the battlefields y country, 'tis of thee, of thee I sing."

closely personal, I will say that I have been in after 11 years of private employ. I have been than the average, yet it was after 28 years in the nt that I reached the wages I had earned under nd in the last 35 years of my term of servitude d one promotion, while it has been sometimes man twice in a single year.

d by the Census Office illustrates this point better mine when its tables show that of over 150,000 ederal service only 17 women were receiving a ear or more, while 6,333 were receiving less than ousand less than $840; half of all women in the ,000 women were paid less than $840 over 7,000

is broken down in the public consciousness the woria I am aware that this is not a discussion of the econo women, but I believed I was called here at least partly women's side of the retirement question, and it seems to to make apparent the facts in order to show that the h of women's wages is calculated not only to forbid sa render a retirement allowance based on average sala pittance, even as compared to the projected allowance have been engaged on similar work an equal number of And if it is righteous to say that the largest salary sha a man to more than $50 a month is it not righteous to e smallest salary shall entitle a woman or man to not le or at least $35 a month?

It must be admitted that a woman sometimes obtains a under the mere instincts of civilization. For instance, lady is sick in our office she is tenderly laid on a sheet good brown paper on the floor and ministered to by skillful lady physician.

For men we omit the paper since the cost has doubl lingerie will not be so hopelessly mussed by a bare floor, them just an ordinary man doctor. That is the only occa of special consideration for women.

We need a retirement law more urgently than any 1

express.

It is no flight of imagination to say we die at our de have the audacity to do that until half-past 4.

And we also need a law for automatic promotion, bas of service, without discrimination against sex or race condition of servitude. I would also add, regardless of labor performed; for the reason that no clerk chooses his assigned to him. Even if he be a round peg in a squa a human life that is being used to its utmost and worn life is as valuable to its owner as another.

Nothing would be more conducive to department welf clerks to know that if their work, character, and condu ciently satisfactory for retention in the service a promo

maurge the mgn поре от wise and lair aujustwhen the ideals so devoutly preached now, by Cabinet and Congress and White House, shall y by the hearers but by the preachers.

ons are becoming vocal and contagious. HumanLe picture. The golden calf is reported to have temples. Some will insist that it is still stabled ling. We are dreaming of a world democracy. ish dream

in the imprisoned madness of to-day. orrow runs the sane old world away.

In a world democracy the aged toilers will not nor underpaid to suffer privation. The mothers steemed as less valuable than the men they bore will they die with the tools of labor in their

ill the world goes round and round,

the genial seasons run,

ver the truth comes uppermost, ever is justice done.

o far as I am concerned, if I have anything to do retirement bill passed at all, it is going to treat ame as men. I will place in the record a report actuary in re civil-service pensions.

ed to above is here printed in full, as follows:)

3 LANDIS, ACTUARY, IN RE CIVIL-SERVICE PENSIONS.

ates Civil Service Retirement Association,

945 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C.

ant to engagement, I have made an estimate of payments ment of employees in the civil service as provided in ced by Mr. Hamill in 1911.

for the estimate were the statistics contained in Bulleensus Bureau. Information in greater detail and more

on account of voluntary retirements at less than 50 per cent (d) That all present employees at attained ages 70 and a service 20 to 25 years are to be retired as disabled on 50 per salary, those of like attained ages and 15 to 20 years in the on 45 per cent, and those in service 10 to 15 years at 40 per c 5 to 10 years in service and 70 years of age and above be retir of the average salary; that those employees in the service less at ages 70 and above be retired at 30 per cent of average salar (c) Assumes that total and permanent disablement is mea has became disabled." (f) That the average annual salary received for the five ceding retirement be the mean of the average salary for th and the average salary for the five years next preceding.

..

(g) That the computation for disability payment be based of the current period and not upon the average salary of th period, nor the mean of the averages for the current and last

4. The reason for the first (a) assumption is obvious. Th be more refined to take the central age plus one-half year, but results would not justify the time consumed in extra computa time allowed before the hearing.

5. The second (b) assumption was necessary and advisable fo Necessary because there are no voluntary retirement statistic which to estimate the number who would give up a full salary 45 per cent of a reduced amount in the way of pension. A common experience and observation force the conclusion th satisfactory employees render service to secure the stipulated the support of themselves and their dependents, and few would to secure 40 or 45 or 50 per cent of an average salary less than earn by continuing at work. We know that the ordinary and condition of those in the civil service is not such as to enable tarily dispense with 50, 55, or 60 per cent of their present pay. to believe that those who can render efficient service will cont the time for compulsory retirement. In this connection it ma this argument (which I hold as sound) tempted me to reduce th mediate payments, because many who have attained ages 60 a service 30 or more years will not voluntarily retire on 50 per cen salary. I have ignored the possible voluntary retirements at cent, but have taken precaution to offset such resulting addi by the assumption of a disability rate in excess of the expec ages, as stated in the third (c) assumption.

6. The fourth (d) assumption is necessary because of the fa developed in actual service under the disability provision, and be in the bill to make provision for retirement allowance at age ing which no employee is to be retained. Reference to the pro

Lully auvist i gatu ations: -Payable the first year are the number of pensionable the per cent of the average salary, determined as hereons payable the fifth (or nth) year are the number of iplied by the probability of surviving to receive the ied by the average salary determined for the nth year liate pension age).

yable in the nth year to present active employees were ila:

x+n multiplied by number of employees at age r by

ge;

+t is the retirement age, and where n is greater ber of living according to the selected mortality table; ording to the table of disabled lives; laa the number of yees and the number of surviving disabled emtwo last (la) being equal to the assumed number

the selected mortality table.

ments.-Due in the nth year to present active emabled requires the following formula: multiplied by average salary by

er than the age of retirement.

then the probability that an active employee at age ist n years hence on account of total and permanent

ional Fraternal Congress table of mortality because it umber on account of death than other standard tables, prevent an underestimate of future pension payments. ilities of disability amongst active employees derived ersonal investigation of the disability experience of a an fraternal societies.