Titles, Conflict, and Land Use: The Development of Property Rights and Land Reform on the Brazilian Amazon FrontierUniversity of Michigan Press, 14 Jul 1999 - 227 halaman The Amazon, the world's largest rain forest, is the last frontier in Brazil. The settlement of large and small farmers, squatters, miners, and loggers in this frontier during the past thirty years has given rise to violent conflicts over land as well as environmental duress. Titles, Conflict, and Land Use examines the institutional development involved in the process of land use and ownership in the Amazon and shows how this phenomenon affects the behavior of the economic actors. It explores the way in which the absence of well-defined property rights in the Amazon has led to both economic and social problems, including lost investment opportunities, high costs in protecting claims, and violence. The relationship between land reform and violence is given special attention. The book offers an important application of the New Institutional Economics by examining a rare instance where institutional change can be empirically observed. This allows the authors to study property rights as they emerge and evolve and to analyze the effects of Amazon development on the economy. In doing so they illustrate well the point that often the evolution of economic institutions will not lead to efficient outcomes. This book will be important not only to economists but also to Latin Americanists, political scientists, anthropologists, and scholars in disciplines concerned with the environment. Lee Alston is Professor of Economics, University of Illinois, and Research Associate for the National Bureau of Economic Research. Gary Libecap is Professor of Economics and Law, University of Arizona, and Research Associate for the National Bureau of Economic Research. Bernardo Mueller is Assistant Professor, Universidade de Brasilia. |
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Halaman 13
... costs , which in turn are the principal determinants in defining the location of the frontier . The vertical axis is the net present value of land use . Moving away from market centers , transportation costs rise , reducing the net ...
... costs , which in turn are the principal determinants in defining the location of the frontier . The vertical axis is the net present value of land use . Moving away from market centers , transportation costs rise , reducing the net ...
Halaman 118
... costs of obtaining title . Land val- ues will increase with title because of a greater opportunity for investment in land improvements , greater exchange opportunities for land sales , and reduced private enforcement costs . The private ...
... costs of obtaining title . Land val- ues will increase with title because of a greater opportunity for investment in land improvements , greater exchange opportunities for land sales , and reduced private enforcement costs . The private ...
Halaman 156
... costs . As costs to squatters fall , both the direct and indirect effects of violent activity increase . In response to more vio- lence by squatters , farmers have an incentive to engage in more hostility in order to secure their land ...
... costs . As costs to squatters fall , both the direct and indirect effects of violent activity increase . In response to more vio- lence by squatters , farmers have an incentive to engage in more hostility in order to secure their land ...
Isi
List of Figures xi | 1 |
Descriptive statistics for the farm expropriation survey | 7 |
45 | 20 |
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Istilah dan frasa umum
agricultural Altamira Amazon frontier Belém Brazil budget bureaucratic census census data chapter claimants clear coefficient colonization Conceição do Araguaia conflict over land constitution courts demand for title discussion distance economic effect equation estimated eviction expropriation farmers farms Felix FIBGE forest frontier land hectares Hence impact incentives INCRA institutions invaded invasion investment issue ITERPA jurisdiction land agency land conflicts land policy land redistribution land reform land values landless peasants landowners latifundia Libecap market center means ment migration municípios Nova Aliança organized owners Pará Paragominas Paraná Paraná and Pará Parauapebas Paulo percent percentage points permanent crops plots PNRA political politicians population population densities potential production property rights provide title reduce region rights to land São Felix São Paulo secure property rights settled settlement projects settlers smallholders squatters squatting survey Tailândia tenure tion transportation costs Tucumã variable violence violent conflict wealth