ARTICLE V.

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

ARTICLE VI.

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence.

ARTICLE VII.

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.

ARTICLE VIII.

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and un usual punishments inflicted.

ARTICLE IX.

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

ARTICLE X.

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.

ARTICLE XI.

The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State.

ARTICLE XII.

The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors ap

pointed; and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.

ARTICLE XIII.

SECTION 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

SECTION 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legisla

tion.

THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE FIRST TEN OF THE PRECEDING A MEND MENTS.

CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES,

BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF NEW YORK, ON WEDNESDAY, THE FOURTH OF MARCH, ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE.

THE Conventions of a number of the States having, at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added; and as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government will best insure the beneficent ends of its institution

Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That the following articles be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, all or any of which articles, when ratified by three-fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution, viz:

Articles in addition to, and amendment of, the Constitution of the United States of America, proposed by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the Fifth Article of the original Constitution.

The first ten amendments of the Constitution were ratified by the States as follows, viz:

It may be proper here to state that twelve articles of amendment were proposed by the First Congress, of which but ten were ratified by the States-the first and second in order not having been ratified by the requisite number of States.

These two were as follows:

Article First.-After the first enumeration required by the First Article of the Constitution, there shall be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress that there shall not be less than one hundred Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representative to every fifty thousand persons.

Article Second.-No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives shall take effect until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.

THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE ELEVENTH OF THE PRECEDING AMEND

MENTS.

THIRD CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES,

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA, IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, ON MONDAY, THE SECOND OF DECEMBER, ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND NINETY-THREE.

Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That the following article be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States; which, when ratified by three-fourths of the said Legislatures, shall be valid as part of the said Constitution, viz:

THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE TWELFTH OF THE PRECEDING AMEND MENTS.

EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES,

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, IN THE TERRITORY OF COLUMBIA, ON MONDAY, THE SEVENTEENth of october, ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND THREE.

Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That in lieu of the third paragraph of the first section of the Second Article of the Constitution of the United States, the following be proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States; which, when ratified by three-fourths of the Legislatures of the several States, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution, to wit:

The ten first of the preceding amendments were proposed at the first session of the First Congress of the United States, September 25, 1789, and were finally ratified by the constitutional number of States, December 15, 1791. The eleventh amendment was proposed at the first session of the Third Congress, March 5, 1794, and was declared, in a message from the President of the United States to both Houses of Congress, dated January 8, 1798, to have been adopted by the constitutional number of States. twelfth amendment was proposed at the first session of the Eighth Congress, December 12, 1803, and was adopted by the constitutional number of States in 1804, according to a public notice thereof by the Secretary of State, dated September 25 of the same year.

The

THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE THIRTEENTH OF THE PRECEDING AMEND

MENTS.

THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES,

AT THE SECOND SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ON THE FIRST DAY OF FEBRUARY, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIVE.

Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That the following article be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as an amendment to the

Constitution of the United States, which, when ratified by three-fourths of said Legislatures, shall be valid, to all intents and purposes, as a part of said Constitution, namely:

This amendment was declared adopted on the 18th day of December, 1865, at which time it had been duly ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Illinois, Rhode Island, Michigan, Maryland, New York, West Virginia, Maine, Kansas, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Missouri, Nevada, Indiana, Louisiana, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Vermont, Tennessee, Arkansas, Connecticut, New Hampshire, South Carolina, Alabama, North Carolina, and Georgia-in all, 27 States.

ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS.

STATE DEPARTMENT.

This Department is managed by the Secretary of State, and one Assistant Secretary.

DIPLOMATIC BRANCH.

This branch has charge of all correspondence between the Department and other diplomatic agents of the United States abroad, and those of foreign powers accredited to this Government. In it all diplomatic instructions sent from the Department, and communications to Commissioners under treaties of boundaries, &c., are prepared, copied, and recorded; and all of like character received are registered and filed, their contents being first entered in an analytic table or index.

CONSULAR BRANCH.

This branch has charge of the correspondence, &c., between the Departinent and the Consuls and Commercial Agents of the United States. In it instructions to those officers, and answers to their despatches and to letters from other persons asking for consular agency, or relating to consular affairs, are prepared and recorded.

THE DISBURSING AGENT.

He has charge of all correspondence and other matters connected with accounts relating to any fund with the disbursement of which the Department is charged.

THE TRANSLATOR.

His duties are to furnish such translations as the Department may require. He also records the commissions of Consuls and Vice-Consuls, when not in English, upon which exequaturs are issued.

CLERK OF APPOINTMENTS AND COMMISSIONS.

He makes out and records commissions, letters of appointment, and nominations to the Senate; makes out and records exequaturs, and records, when in English, the commissions on which they are issued. Has charge of the library.

CLERK OF THE ROLLS AND ARCHIVES.

He takes charge of the rolls, or enrolled acts and resolutions of Congress, as they are received at the Department from the President; prepares the authenticated copies thereof which are called for; prepares for, and superintends their publication, and that of treaties, in the newspapers and in book form; attends to their distribution throughout the United States, and that of all documents and publications in regard to which this duty is assigned to the Department; writing and answering all letters connected therewith. Has charge of all Indian treaties, and business relating thereto.

CLERK OF TERRITORIAL BUSINESS-THE SEAL OF THE DEPARTMENT.

He has charge of the seals of the United States and of the Department, and prepares and attaches certificates to papers presented for authentication; has charge of the territorial business; immigration and registered seamen; records all letters from the Department other than the diplomatic and consular.

CLERK OF PARDONS AND PASSPORTS.

He prepares and records pardons and remissions, and registers and files the petitions and papers on which they are founded. Makes out and records passports; keeps a daily register of all letters, other than diplomatic and consular, received, and of the disposition made of them; prepares letters relating to this business.

SUPERINTENDENT OF STATISTICS.

He superintends the preparation of the "Annual Report of the Secretary of State on Foreign Commerce," as required by the Acts of 1842 and 1856.

ATTORNEY GENERAL'S OFFICE.

The Attorney General of the United States is at the head of this office, and has an Assistant Attorney General. Its ordinary business may be classified under the following heads:

1. Official opinions on the current business of the Government, as called for by the President, by any head of Department, or by the Solicitor of the Treasury.

2. Examination of the titles of all land purchased, as the sites of arsenals, custom houses, light-houses, and all other public works of the United States.

3. Applications for pardons in all cases of conviction in the courts of the United States. 4. Applications for appointment in all the judicial and legal business of the Govern

ment.

5. The conduct and argument of all suits in the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Government is concerned.

6. The supervision of all other suits arising in any of the Departments when referred by the head thereof to the Attorney General.

To these ordinary heads of the business of the office has been added the direction of all appeals on land claims in California.

INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.

This Department is in charge of the Secretary of the Interior, and one Assistant Secretary, who have the supervision and management of the following branches of the public service:

THE PUBLIC LANDS.

The chief of this office is called the Commissioner of the General Land Office. It is charged with the survey, management, and sale of the public domain, and the issuing of titles therefor, whether derived from confirmation of grants made by former governments, by sales, donations, of grants for schools, military bounties, or public improvements, and likewise the revision of Virginia military bounty land claims, and the issuing of scrip in lieu thereof. The Land Office, also, audits its own accounts.

PENSIONS.

The Commissioner of this bureau is charged with the examination and adjudication of all claims arising under the various and numerous laws passed by Congress granting bounty land or pensions for the military or naval service in the Revolutionary and subsequent wars in which the United States have been engaged.