especially where they are required to make a postmortem examination, it is just, in consequence of the time, labor, and skill required, and the responsibility and risk they incur, that the public should award them a proper honorarium.

§ 3. There is no profession by the members of which eleemosynary services are more liberally dispensed than the medical, but justice requires that some limits should be placed to the performance of such good offices. Poverty, professional brotherhood, and certain of the public duties referred to in the first section of this article, should always be recognized as presenting valid claims for gratuitous services; but neither institutions endowed by the public or by rich individuals, societies for mutual benefit, for the insurance of lives or for analogous purposes, nor any profession or occupation, can be admitted to possess such privilege. Nor can it be justly expected of physicians to furnish certificates of inability to serve on juries, to perform militia duty, or to testify to the state of health of persons wishing to insure their lives, obtain pensions, or the like, without a pecuniary acknowledgment. But to individuals in indigent circumstances, such professional services should always be cheerfully and freely accorded.

§ 4. It is the duty of physicians, who are frequent witnesses of the enormities committed by quackery, and the injury to health and even destruction of life caused by the use of quack medicines, to enlighten

the public on these subjects, to expose the injuries sustained by the unwary from the devices and pretensions of artful empirics and impostors. Physicians ought to use all the influence which they may possess, as professors in Colleges of Pharmacy, and by exercising their option in regard to the shops to which their prescriptions shall be sent, to discourage druggists and apothecaries from vending quack or secret medicines, or from being in any way engaged in their manufacture and sale.

ART. II.—Obligations of the public to physicians.

The benefits accruing to the public, directly and indirectly, from the active and unwearied beneficence of the profession, are so numerous and important, that physicians are justly entitled to the utmost consideration and respect from the community. The public ought likewise to entertain a just appreciation of medical qualifications; to make a proper discrimination between true science and the assumptions of ignorance and empiricism--to afford every encouragement and facility for the acquisition of medical education—and no longer to allow the statute-books to exhibit the anomaly of exacting knowledge from physicians, under a liability to heavy penalties, and of making them obnoxious to punishment for resorting to the only means of obtaining it.

CHAPTER XVIII.

REVISION AND ENACTMENT OF ORDINANCES AND

BY-LAWS.

1. No new or amended ordinance or by-law (see the last clause of the Act of Incorporation) shall be binding on the Officers or Fellows of the College, unless it shall have been proposed in writing and subscribed by five Fellows, at one stated meeting, and enacted or passed at another, after the intervention of at least thirty days; and unless it shall then be passed by a majority of two-thirds, there being not less than twenty Fellows present.

2. Whenever a proposed alteration of the ordinances and by-laws is to be voted on at any meeting of the College, said action shall be announced by the Secretary in the notice for that meeting.

OFFICERS AND STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, 1882.

Censors,

J. EWING MEARS, M.D.

Drs. LEWIS RODMAN, EDWARD HARTSHORNE, WILLIAM
GOODELL, SAMUEL LEWIS.

To serve 3 years, Drs.JAMES TYSON and LOUIS STARR.
2 years, Drs. JOHN H. BRINTON and WHAR-

66

66

Councillors,

66

66

TON SINKLER.

1 year, Drs. CASPAR MORRIS and S. LITTELL.

Committee of Publication.

Drs. J. M. DACOSTA, JOHN ASHHURST, Jr., JAMES H. HUTCHINSON, and the Recorder, ex-officio.

Library Committee.

Drs. ALFRED STILLÉ, SAMUEL LEWIS, WALTER F. ATLEE, JOHN ASHHURST, Jr., and I. MINIS HAYS.

Committee on the Mütter Museum.

Drs. WILLIAM HUNT, S. WEIR MITCHELL, and JOHN H. BRINTON.

Hall Committee.

Drs. EDWARD HARTSHORNE, LEWIS RODMAN, T. H. BACHE, R. P. HARRIS, and ROBERT H. ALISON.

Committee on Lectures.

Drs. SAMUEL D. GROSS, JOSEPH Leidy, WILLIAM GOODELL, WILLIAM F. NORRIS, and JOHN H. PACKARD.

Committee on the Directory for Nurses.

Drs. W. W. KEEN, S. WEIR MITCHELL, and ALBERT H. SMITH.

Drs.

Committee on Finance.

and the President and Treasurer,

ex-officio.