Bernard was Governor from August 2, 1760,1 to August 1, 1769. The Boston Evening Post of August 7, 1769, said:

On Monday last His Excellency Governor BERNARD left his Seat at Roxbury and went to Castle William. The next Morning about Nine o'Clock he embarked on board His Majesty's Ship Rippon, then lying in King-Road. The Wind being fair the Ship came the sail, but soon after the Wind shifting to the East, she anchored again a Mile or two below her former Moorings, where she lay till Friday Morning, when she came to sail again and went out with a fair Wind (p. 3/1).3

With the departure of Governor Bernard, the government again devolved upon Lieutenant-Governor Hutchinson; and on August 2—

His Excellency Sir Francis Bernard Bart Governor of this Province having embarked for Great Britain, His Honor the Lieutenant Governor came into the Council Chamber, and in the presence of the Council took the Oaths appointed by Act of Parliament to be taken, instead of the Oaths of Allegiance & Supremacy, repeated and subscribed the Test or Declaration therein contained, together with the Oath of Abjuration, as also an Oath that he would do his utmost that all clauses matters and things contained in the Acts of Parliament passed as well since as before the enacting of the Act of the 7th and 8th of William the Third and at this time in force, relating to the Colonies and Plantations, and that all and every the clauses contained in the said Act intitled "An Act for preventing Frauds and regulating Abuses in the Plantation Trade" be punctually and bona fide observed, according to the true intent and meaning thereof: And that he would faithfully perform the duties of his Office of Commander in chief of said Province, according to the best of his judgment and skill. After which His Honor took the chair.4

1 The Boston Evening Post of August 4, 1760, said (p. 3/1):

Saturday last about one o'clock, came to Town by land from Providence, his Excellency FRANCIS BERNARD, Esq; with his Majesty's Royal Commission to be Captain-General, Governor and Commander in Chief in and over his Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts-Bay; as also a Commission from the Right Honourable the Lords of the Admiralty, to be Vice-Admiral of the same, &c. 2 Error for "to."

The same paper of August 7, 1769, said:

His Excellency upon his embarking, having delivered the Province Seal to the Lieutenant Governor, Wednesday last His Honor in Council took the Oaths appointed by Acts of Parliament in order to take upon him the Administration of the Province (p. 3/1).

• Council Records, xvi. 431.

Hutchinson was Acting Governor from August 2, 1769, to March 14, 1771, when he became actual Governor.

THOMAS HUTCHINSON was commissioned Governor by George III on November 28, 1770. On March 11, 1771,

The Lieutenant Governor acquainted the Board that he had received His Majesty's Commission, appointing him Captain General and Commander in Chief of the Province, and had received orders therwith to cause his Commission to be published in the usual form. That it had been usual on such occasions to have the Regiment of the Town of Boston in Arms, but that as the Streets are at this time full of Snow and water, he thinks it would be very inconvenient to assemble such a body of men, as their health must be much exposed by being so long on foot in the Streets at such a time. He therefore thought it would be sufficient to be attended only by the Troop of Guards and a Company made up of Non-Commissioned Officers of the Regiment, together with a Detachment of the Train of Artillery, which under the present circumstances, he apprehended might answer all the purposes of a Military appearance on this occasion:- Upon which the Board expressed their intire approbation of the proposal, and His Honor signified that he should give orders accordingly.

His Honor likewise proposed that instead of having a Publick Dinner on the day when the Commission should be opened, there should be the usual preparation made as when the King's health is drank, in the Council Chamber, for entertaining the Company that may be then present. To which His Majesty's Council did Advise and Consent. And further Advised, that Thursday next, be appointed for observing the Ceremony aforesaid.1

Accordingly, on March 14 Hutchinson was sworn:

His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson Esq' having published his Com3 from his present Majesty to be Captain General and Governor in Chief of his Province of Mass Bay, took the Oaths appointed by Act of Parliament to be taken instead of the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, repeated and subscribed the Test or declaration therein contained together with the Oath of Abjuration; and an Oath that he would do his utmost that all the Clauses, matters and things contained in the Acts of 1 Council Records, xvi. 532–533.

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS

WILLIAM STOUGHTON was commissioned Lieutenant-Governor by William and Mary, doubtless late in 1691, though the exact date is not known. On May 16, 1692,

His Majties Commission, Constituting & appointing William Stoughton Esq to be their Majties Lieutenant Governour of the Massachusetts Bay, and their Deputy Lieutenant of the Militia within their whole Territory and Dominion of New England in America, was read and published....

William Stoughton Esqre Lieut Gov tooke his Oath for the due and faithfull performance of his Office or place of Lieutenant or Deputy Governour & the Oaths appointed by said Act of Parliament made in the first year of their present Majties Reign, to be taken instead of the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy - Before his Excellency the Governour.1

Stoughton was Lieutenant-Governor from May 16, 1692, to his death on July 7, 1701.2 He was Acting Governor from December 4, 1694, to May 26, 1699; and again from July 22, 1700, to July 7, 1701.3

of his Administration, has made his Departure universally regretted. — He is accompanied by the Hon. THOMAS FLUCKER, Esq; Secretary to the Province, STEPHEN KEMBLE, Esq; Secretary to his Excellency, and the Captains DONKIN and ROOKE, his Aid de Camps (p. 2/2).

Cf. p. 105 note 6, below.

1 Council Records, ii. 167-168.

2 See p. 50 note 5, above. An editorial note in the Massachusetts Province Laws, appended to a list of Councillors or Assistants" for 1692-1693, says that "For this year the Lieutenant-Governor sat and acted with the Council as a member, ex officio: in subsequent years, he was regularly elected a councillor" (vii. 5 note). If by "Lieutenant-Governor" is meant Stoughton, the statement is correct, as he was elected each year from 1693 to 1701, both included. But if by "Lieutenant-Governor" is meant subsequent holders of that office, the statement is erroneous. Povey was never elected to the Council. Neither Spencer Phips nor Andrew Oliver was once elected to the Council during the years they were Lieutenant-Governors. Tailer, Dummer, and Hutchinson sometimes were, sometimes were not, elected to the Council during their terms of office as Lieutenant-Governor. See Whitmore's Massachusetts Civil List, pp. 46-63.

See pp. 48, 49, 50, above.

1

THOMAS POVEY 1 was commissioned Lieutenant-Governor by Anne on April 11, 1702. He reached Boston June 11 and took office the same day:

Then Her Majty's Royal Commission of the eleventh of April past, constituting and appointing the Honble Thomas Povey Esqre Capt" in her Majty's own Regiment of Foot Guards to be Lieutt Gov of the Province & Territoryes of the Massachusets Bay was read and published, and he tooke the Oaths aforesd appointed to be taken instead of the oaths of allegiance and Supremacy unto her present Majty and repeated and subscribed the Declarat" 2

66

1 Little is known of Povey. On June 11, 1702, Sewall wrote: "I was startled at 2 or 3 things; viz. The Lt Governour a stranger, sent, whom we knew nor heard anything of before: When the Gov' first mention'd it, I understood him of Mr. Addington" (Diary, ii. 58). In a letter to Fitz John Winthrop dated Boston, June 21, 1702, the Rev. Timothy Woodbridge said: "Yo Leit: Governer is one Capt Tho: Povey, cousin to one of that name knoune to your self; he is a souldier, was nine years in ye army in Flanders" (6 Massachusetts Historical Collections, iii. 99). If by one of that name" is meant a Thomas Povey, probably the reference is to Thomas Povey, F.R.S., the friend of Evelyn and Pepys. Or the reference may be to John Povey, Clerk of the Privy Council. In a notice of Thomas Povey, F.R.S., the writer says that "A half-brother John, who was clerk of the privy council, and commissioner for the sick and wounded under William III, died in June 1705" (Dictionary of National Biography, 1909, xvi. 236), and cites Luttrell as his authority. What Luttrell wrote, however, is as follows: Captain Thomas Savoury is made treasurer to the commissioners for the sick and wounded, in the room of Mr. Povey, deceased" (Brief Relation, v. 564). Luttrell's "Mr. Povey" was not John Povey, but Richard Povey. A "Letter from the Com's for sick and wounded," dated June 5, 1705, mentions "Mr. Povey, their treasurer, being dead" (Calendar of Treasury Papers, 1702-1707, p. 351). John Povey did not die until 1715: John Povey Esq; one of the Clerks of the Privy-Council, died Apr. 1715" (J. Le Neve, Monumenta Anglicana, 1717, v. 304). Under date of October 30, 1718, is a reference to a petition of Thomas Povey, son of John Povey, Esq., late Clerk of the Privy Council (Calendar of Treasury Papers, 1714-1719, p. 408). F. B. Relton thinks that John Povey was "probably " a half-brother of Thomas Povey, F.R.S. (Account of the Fire Insurance Companies, 1893, p. 452). The late Rev. A. T. S. Goodrick asserted, but without stating his authority, that John Povey was a son of William Povey (Toppan's Randolph, vi. 146 note 266). An editorial note in the Massachusetts Province Laws declares that Lt.-Gov. Povey was a brother of John Povey, clerk of the Privy Council" (vii. 331 note). The genealogy of the Povey family is at present a hopeless tangle. For Povey's military career, see Dalton's English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661–1714, iii. 237, 238, 306, 307, v. 155, 159.

* Council Records, iii. 323.

His last appearance at the Council was on January 28, 1706, when

His Exey acquainting the Council, that his honour the Lt Gov' had obtained leave to return into England. And that he designed to take passage by the way of Lisboa, upon a ship at Piscataqua, near ready to saile thither.

Advised and Consented. That a Warrant be made out to the Treasurer1 to pay the sum of twenty five pounds to the sd Thomas Povey Esqr for three Months service as Commander of her Majty's Castle William, commencing from the Thirty first of October last past to which time the Muster Rolls of that Garrison were last made up and pass'd.2

The exact date of Povey's departure is not known, but it was doubtless within a few days after the announcement of his going away.3

WILLIAM TAILER1 was commissioned Lieutenant-Governor by Anne in 1711, but the precise date is not known. He reached Boston October 3, and was sworn October 4th:

1 Harrison Gray.

2 Council Records, iv. 261-262.

The following extracts are from the Boston News Letter for 1706:

Boston, Coasters Cleared Outwards, Samuel Dutch in Sloop Nightingal, for Piscataqua (February 11, p. 2/2).

Piscataqua, Febr. 15. On Monday 11 Currant arrived here Samuel Dutch in a Sloop from Boston, having on Board the Hon. Col. Tho. Povey Esqr. Lieut. Gov. of Her Majesty's Province of the Massachusetts-Bay, who intends on Thursday next to Imbark on Board Capt. Jarvenin for Lisbon, and so to England (February 18, p. 2/2).

Piscataqua, March 1. On Friday the 15th of February last, Capt. Jarvenin Sailed from hence to Lisbon (March 4, p. 4/2).

4 The following letter is in the library of the Massachusetts Historical Society (C. 71. I. 67):

SR

WHITEHALL May 22th 1711

The Queen having been pleased to constitute Colonell William Tailer Lieutenant Governor of the Province of the Massachuset's Bay in New England and the Territorys depending thereon, with all the Rights and Advantages thereunto belonging, I must recommend him to your Favour and Assistance, if there be occasion, that he may receive the benefit of Her Majty's Gracious Intention to him, in as full & ample manner as any of his predecessors have done. Though his personal Interest and Merit will be a sufficient Recommendation of him to you and to the Assembly there yet upon the Character I have received of the Services he has performed and of his Zeale and Loyalty in what may occurre