Prussia, 1839; Société Cuvierienne, Paris, 1842; Natural History Society of Nuremberg, 1849; Imperial Economic Society of St. Petersburg, Russia, 1857; Philological Society of London, England, 1872; Société des Americanistes, Belgium, 1876.

In this country he was elected a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia in 1837; of the Entomological Society of Pennsylvania (of which he was one of the founders), in 1842; of the American Association for the advancement of Sciences, in 1844; of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, in 1876, and of some eighteen other American societies, and in addition to honorary membership of numerous lyceums, literary and college societies.

He was chosen Professor of Zoology in the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, in 1841; chemist and geologist to the Pennsylvania State Agricultural Society, 1852; he occupied the chair of Natural History in the University of Pennsylvania from 1850 to 1853; the same position in Delaware College, Newark, 1855-58, and that of Comparative Philology in the University of Pennsylvania, from 1876 to his death. The latter University conferred upon him the degree of LL. D. Whilst he is possibly better known away from his home as Doctor Haldeman, we have here used the title of Professor, as he was known and spoken of by the latter title among his relatives, close friends and neighbors, so that any other would sound unfamiliar to those for whom this sketch is written.

Professor Haldeman traveled in Europe in 1859, '61, '62, '66 and '75. His time was principally spent there in the library of the British Museum, the Magazine and Government Libraries of Paris, at the Propaganda in Rome, about old book stalls and shops, and in all kinds of out-of-the-way places, studying languages, dialects or pronunciations from the natives. Thus he heard Hawaiian at Liverpool, from Queen Emma of the Sandwich Islands, who visited London when he was there in 1866; Gudjerati from a Parsee in Paris, the language of the Tonga Islands and Koordish from natives studying at the Propaganda College at Rome.

In religion Professor Haldeman was a member of the Catholic church, which he joined when about thirty years of age, although his parents were Protestants. Politically he was a Democrat, and, when young, frequently addressed political meetings. He was, however, liberal in both his religious and political views.

His death occurred suddenly, at seven o'clock P. M., Friday, September 10, 1880, from paralysis of the heart.

Biographical notices of him will be found in "Men of the Time," London, 1865; “Allibone's Dictionary of Authors," 1858; " Appleton's Encyclopedia," "Johnson's Cyclopedia," and numerous works of reference of later dates. Memoirs of him will also be found in the Popular Science Monthly for July, 1882; by Charles Henry Hart, read before the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, of Philadelphia, in 1880; by D. G. Brinton, M. D., read before the American Philosophical Society, February 4, 1881; by Charles Henry Hart, in the Penn Monthly for August, 1881; Address before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, by its president, at Cincinnati, August 17, 1881; by Prof. Jos. P. Lesley, before the National Academy, at Washington, November 16, 1881. A list of seventy-three of his works is given by Agassiz in his "Bibliographia Zoologica et Geologica," 1852.

Professor Haldeman took very little interest in business affairs outside of those connected with his own firm, at Chickies. He was for some years a director in the First National Bank, of Marietta, Pa., but as he laughingly related, "I was elected and re-elected director of a bank, and my evident popularity gave me much satisfaction, until I remembered I had never been present at a meeting." After his father's death, he held for a few years the position of president of the turnpike from Columbia to Marietta, which instances, we think, cover all his active business associations.

At a dinner to the Farmers' Club of Pennsylvania, on April 13, 1882, at the residence, in Washington, of Hon. J. D. Cameron, United States Senator from Pennsylvania, Hon. John Welsh, of Philadelphia, who had recently returned from England, where he had been United States Minister to the

Court of St. James, was a guest. Mr. Welsh informed another guest, namely, Mr. Paris Haldeman (the youngest brother of Prof. S. S. Haldeman) that the Prince Imperial of France (son of Napoleon III) on an occasion when they met, asked him if he knew Prof. S. S. Haldeman, of the United States, and upon receiving an affirmative reply, said: "Professor Haldeman is one of the greatest men living." It is possible that the fact that Professor Haldeman corresponded with Jerome Bonaparte on scientific subjects may have had something to do with calling the Prince's attention to him.

Professor Haldeman had six children, two of whom died in early childhood, as will be seen in the genealogical chart appended to this paper.

Horace Haldeman was the fifth son of Henry Haldeman (1784-1849). In early life he followed agricultural pursuits, attending to his farm at Chickies which he inherited from his father. On January 20, 1846, he purchased his brother, Professor Haldeman's, interest in the Chikiswalungo Furnace and moved into the western portion of the large mansion house there. He soon became dissatisfied with the business and in about a year retired from the same, reselling his interest back again to Professor Haldeman. During the Mexican War, he entered the United States Army, being appointed first lieutenant of the Eleventh United States Regiment of Infantry in 1847, subsequently becoming first lieutenant of Co. F, Eighth Regiment of Infantry. With the latter regiment he served for many years. Whilst in Mexico he became interested in the raising of fine stock, and purchased a plantation near Belton, Texas, to where he removed soon after resigning his commission in the army, in 1856. He became a citizen of that State and visited his old northern home, we think, but once afterwards. After the breaking out of the Civil War, he entered the Confederate Army with the rank of major of artillery, "serving during the war with activity and distinction." He organized and commanded Haldeman's Battery, which under his command "earned an enviable reputation." In 1870, he removed to Calvert, Texas, with his family, at which place he died. The Galveston News, of September 14, 1883, in

a biographical sketch, says: "Major Haldeman was remarkable for his energy, indomitable will and fearlessness where he thought himself right, devotion to his family and friends, and for his boundless hospitality. In religion he was a Catholic and devoted to his Church."

He married Annie Breneman Haines, a daughter of Frederick Haines, who owned the "Haines Farm," just outside of the Marietta Borough, now the property of the estate of James Duffy, deceased. Her mother was a daughter of Jacob Breneman and Catharine Witmer, and a great-granddaughter of Melchior Breneman, second.

Horace Haldeman had five children, one of whom, a daughter, died in early childhood.

APPENDIX.

PROFESSOR HALDEMAN AS A CATHOLIC.

BY FRANCIS X. REUSS.

In various sketches of the life of this noted scientist, the one thing which strikes a Catholic forcibly, is the almost studious avoidance of the fact that he was a Catholic from choice and conviction. The scholarly attainments which placed him so eminently above his brother scientists, were also a means of convincing him that in the Catholic Faith alone were the means of salvation. With him there were no half measures. He had been imbued with the teachings of Christianity from his earliest childhood. Scientific research too often leads to irreligion; but with him there was no such disastrous result. He did, indeed, give up the Protestant religion and become a Deist, under the influence of the writings of French Philosophers. But neither in Protestantism, nor in Deism did he find rest or peace. His study and observation

of the perfectly organized systems of Nature, as expressed in the animalculæ, gave him the idea of a Creator and an Organizer, a Head and an Authority. By these means he was led to study the Catholic Church. The same philosophical talents and tact so essential in scientific investigation, which he possessed in such an eminent degree, were brought to bear, in a greater degree, on the matter important above all others,his salvation. In his studies his procedure was so entirely original and careful as to lead to conclusions acceptable to and approved by the whole scientific world. The same originality and care were certainly bestowed in his investigation of the doctrines of the Catholic Church. Once the discovery was made the whole system of the Church, as laid down by the Divine Founder, was plainly visible. He could separate it, bone, muscle, and fibre; and see to a nicety how part fitted into part. His reply to Bishop Kenrick, on a certain occasion, shows that this was his method in arriving at a conclusion. The bishop's question as to what had induced him to embrace the Catholic Faith, brought the characteristic response, “Bugs!"'

Beyond a doubt, he sacrificed much in becoming a Catholic. The evidence of this is in the fact that no extended life of so eminent a man has ever been written. Moreover, in the minor sketches and biographies that have been written, but one mention is made that he was a convert to the Catholic Faith; and in this single case it is dismissed in one paragraph.

It is known to the present writer that Professor Haldeman had conversations on the subject of the doctrines of the Catholic Church with Mr. Dominic Eagle, one of the well-known family of that name residing in Lancaster County, Pa. Mr. Eagle was a resident of Columbia, Pa., about that time.* After considerable searching I have been able to establish the fact that Mr. Eagle was cognizant of the intention of Professor Haldeman to be received into the Church; but, although I was personally acquainted with all the old people who were

He died in Cuba, March 13, 1847. The writer is preparing a paper on the Rev. Sylvester Eagle, and will give more data relating to the Family of Eagle.