Beyond Citizenship: American Identity After GlobalizationOxford University Press, 1 Feb 2008 - 208 halaman American identity has always been capacious as a concept but narrow in its application. Citizenship has mostly been about being here, either through birth or residence. The territorial premises for citizenship have worked to resolve the peculiar challenges of American identity. But globalization is detaching identity from location. What used to define American was rooted in American space. Now one can be anywhere and be an American, politically or culturally. Against that backdrop, it becomes difficult to draw the boundaries of human community in a meaningful way. Longstanding notions of democratic citizenship are becoming obsolete, even as we cling to them. Beyond Citizenship charts the trajectory of American citizenship and shows how American identity is unsustainable in the face of globalization. Peter J. Spiro describes how citizenship law once reflected and shaped the American national character. Spiro explores the histories of birthright citizenship, naturalization, dual citizenship, and how those legal regimes helped reinforce an otherwise fragile national identity. But on a shifting global landscape, citizenship status has become increasingly divorced from any sense of actual community on the ground. As the bonds of citizenship dissipate, membership in the nation-state becomes less meaningful. The rights and obligations distinctive to citizenship are now trivial. Naturalization requirements have been relaxed, dual citizenship embraced, and territorial birthright citizenship entrenched--developments that are all irreversible. Loyalties, meanwhile, are moving to transnational communities defined in many different ways: by race, ethnicity, gender, religion, age, and sexual orientation. These communities, Spiro boldly argues, are replacing bonds that once connected people to the nation-state, with profound implications for the future of governance. Learned, incisive, and sweeping in scope, Beyond Citizenship offers a provocative look at how globalization is changing the very definition of who we are and where we belong. |
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Halaman 4
... matter of subscribing to a set of political ideals, in a nondemocratic world those ideals distinguished Americans from others and could be effectively assimilated only on American soil. In that world, particularism was implied even in ...
... matter of subscribing to a set of political ideals, in a nondemocratic world those ideals distinguished Americans from others and could be effectively assimilated only on American soil. In that world, particularism was implied even in ...
Halaman 9
... matter who your parents are or why they are here. They may be here illegally, or for a year or two on business, or even here only for the purpose of giving birth to you; in any case, you will enjoy birthright citizenship, yours to keep ...
... matter who your parents are or why they are here. They may be here illegally, or for a year or two on business, or even here only for the purpose of giving birth to you; in any case, you will enjoy birthright citizenship, yours to keep ...
Halaman 11
... matter it rendered the place of birth determinative for purposes of nationality; in the overwhelming majority of cases, a child would enjoy the protection of the sovereign in whose territory he was born and thus be deemed a subject of ...
... matter it rendered the place of birth determinative for purposes of nationality; in the overwhelming majority of cases, a child would enjoy the protection of the sovereign in whose territory he was born and thus be deemed a subject of ...
Halaman 12
... matter of practice with respect to whites (most important, with respect to the children of immigrants, who often could not claim citizenship through parentage),5 in the face of the race question it did not lend itself to political ...
... matter of practice with respect to whites (most important, with respect to the children of immigrants, who often could not claim citizenship through parentage),5 in the face of the race question it did not lend itself to political ...
Halaman 13
... matter of personal status, individuals acquiring citizenship through these statutory provisions and not under the Fourteenth Amendment aren't disadvantaged in any real way. (Those who live in Puerto Rico don't have a vote in federal ...
... matter of personal status, individuals acquiring citizenship through these statutory provisions and not under the Fourteenth Amendment aren't disadvantaged in any real way. (Those who live in Puerto Rico don't have a vote in federal ...
Isi
3 | |
9 | |
2 Made American | 33 |
3 Not Only American | 59 |
4 Take It or Leave It American | 81 |
5 American Defined | 109 |
6 Beyond American | 137 |
Conclusion | 159 |
Notes | 165 |
Selected Bibliography | 179 |
Index | 183 |
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Afroyim allegiance American citizen American citizenship American identity American nation Amnesty International Arjun Appadurai assimilation attachment basis become benefits birth citizenship birthright citizenship border Bosniak boundaries challenge Citizenship Clause citizenship law citizenship status conservative nationalists constitutional context corporate Court culture defined democracy democratic deportation diasporic Dred Scott dual citizenship dual nationality eligible enforcement English entities ethnic example federal foreign forms of association global historical homeland human rights illegal individual’s individuals insofar institution international law jus sanguinis jus soli least liberal nationalism liberal nationalist longer matter membership Mexican Michael Walzer migration multiculturalism multiple nationality munity nation-state national community national identity noncitizens nonimmigrants nonresident norm oath obligations one’s parents permanent resident aliens place of birth plural citizenship political pose protection residency requirement ship significant social territorial premise territorially present theory tion transnational U.S. citizen U.S. citizenship undocumented aliens United vote Walzer zenship