Beyond Citizenship: American Identity After GlobalizationOxford University Press, 1 Feb 2008 - 208 halaman American identity has always been capacious as a concept but narrow in its application. Citizenship has mostly been about being here, either through birth or residence. The territorial premises for citizenship have worked to resolve the peculiar challenges of American identity. But globalization is detaching identity from location. What used to define American was rooted in American space. Now one can be anywhere and be an American, politically or culturally. Against that backdrop, it becomes difficult to draw the boundaries of human community in a meaningful way. Longstanding notions of democratic citizenship are becoming obsolete, even as we cling to them. Beyond Citizenship charts the trajectory of American citizenship and shows how American identity is unsustainable in the face of globalization. Peter J. Spiro describes how citizenship law once reflected and shaped the American national character. Spiro explores the histories of birthright citizenship, naturalization, dual citizenship, and how those legal regimes helped reinforce an otherwise fragile national identity. But on a shifting global landscape, citizenship status has become increasingly divorced from any sense of actual community on the ground. As the bonds of citizenship dissipate, membership in the nation-state becomes less meaningful. The rights and obligations distinctive to citizenship are now trivial. Naturalization requirements have been relaxed, dual citizenship embraced, and territorial birthright citizenship entrenched--developments that are all irreversible. Loyalties, meanwhile, are moving to transnational communities defined in many different ways: by race, ethnicity, gender, religion, age, and sexual orientation. These communities, Spiro boldly argues, are replacing bonds that once connected people to the nation-state, with profound implications for the future of governance. Learned, incisive, and sweeping in scope, Beyond Citizenship offers a provocative look at how globalization is changing the very definition of who we are and where we belong. |
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... Individual Project Fellow with the Open Society Institute in 1998–99, to which I am grateful for a generous grant. I'm also grateful to my colleagues in the field of immigration and citizenship law and theory. The immigration law crowd ...
... Individual Project Fellow with the Open Society Institute in 1998–99, to which I am grateful for a generous grant. I'm also grateful to my colleagues in the field of immigration and citizenship law and theory. The immigration law crowd ...
Halaman 5
... individuals and not to others. For the most part, citizenship law will track the social facts of community membership. Citizenship law, in other words, maps the boundaries of community. These rules tell us a lot about the terms of ...
... individuals and not to others. For the most part, citizenship law will track the social facts of community membership. Citizenship law, in other words, maps the boundaries of community. These rules tell us a lot about the terms of ...
Halaman 9
... individual born in the territorial United States is irrevocably a U.S. citizen. This is a matter of constitutional ... individuals born in the United States are citizens thereof. The rule was incidentally instrumental in ensuring the 9 ...
... individual born in the territorial United States is irrevocably a U.S. citizen. This is a matter of constitutional ... individuals born in the United States are citizens thereof. The rule was incidentally instrumental in ensuring the 9 ...
Halaman 11
... individual had no legal rights against the sovereign. The common law system was nonetheless inclusive, certainly in contrast to the classical approach, for one enjoyed at least a basic membership in the sovereign's community by virtue ...
... individual had no legal rights against the sovereign. The common law system was nonetheless inclusive, certainly in contrast to the classical approach, for one enjoyed at least a basic membership in the sovereign's community by virtue ...
Halaman 13
... individuals entitled to citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment, concluding that the amendment was not meant in any way to vitiate the common law rule and spotlighting a specific purpose on the part of its sponsors to include the ...
... individuals entitled to citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment, concluding that the amendment was not meant in any way to vitiate the common law rule and spotlighting a specific purpose on the part of its sponsors to include the ...
Isi
3 | |
9 | |
2 Made American | 33 |
3 Not Only American | 59 |
4 Take It or Leave It American | 81 |
5 American Defined | 109 |
6 Beyond American | 137 |
Conclusion | 159 |
Notes | 165 |
Selected Bibliography | 179 |
Index | 183 |
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Afroyim allegiance American citizen American citizenship American identity American nation Amnesty International Arjun Appadurai assimilation attachment basis become benefits birth citizenship birthright citizenship border Bosniak boundaries challenge Citizenship Clause citizenship law citizenship status conservative nationalists constitutional context corporate Court culture defined democracy democratic deportation diasporic Dred Scott dual citizenship dual nationality eligible enforcement English entities ethnic example federal foreign forms of association global historical homeland human rights illegal individual’s individuals insofar institution international law jus sanguinis jus soli least liberal nationalism liberal nationalist longer matter membership Mexican Michael Walzer migration multiculturalism multiple nationality munity nation-state national community national identity noncitizens nonimmigrants nonresident norm oath obligations one’s parents permanent resident aliens place of birth plural citizenship political pose protection residency requirement ship significant social territorial premise territorially present theory tion transnational U.S. citizen U.S. citizenship undocumented aliens United vote Walzer zenship