sold there at forty cents per bushel, but better prices soon prevailed, and the farmers engaged more extensively in raising it. At one time in the town of Summerfield, it took a bushel of wheat to purchase a pound of coffee.

The Irish settlers of Marion Township were excellent citizens. They were men of intelligence, thrift and enterprise. One of their number, Hugh O'Neill, was a school-teacher, and organized a subscription school soon after the settlement began. He taught successfully for many years, winning the esteem and love of his pupils. He was one of the best of the early teachers. The school-house was on the land now owned by Fawcett Craig.

Another early school-house stood on Moses Horton's land. Dr. John Banford was the first teacher in Summerfield. Stephen F. Miner, son of Rev. John Miner, then pastor of the Methodist church in Summerfield, was one of his pupils. He has since been a presiding elder, and is now located at Chardon, Ohio.

Among the early settlers was one Frenchman, a man named TeRhodes, a stout, strong man, rather eccentric in his ways. It is said that he built a tobacco house about thirty feet square and dove-tailed others on to it until it had a large capacity. After a few years he removed with his family.

family were originally from Queens County, Ireland. Mrs. Large bought 160 acres of land, which is now owned by her son Henry and John Lemmax. Henry is the only one of the family living in the county. She was a lady of ordinary ability and a kind Christian woman. She died in 1863.

Richard Large, a cabinet-maker, and Samuel Johns, a blacksmith, were among the early residents of Freedom.

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Some of the old settlers of the township who are still living, are Samuel Osborne, aged eighty-six, and his wife, nee Martha Horton, eightythree; Wyndham Sparling, eightytwo; Thomas Horton, seventy; Henry Large, seventy-one; John Cleary, seventy-eight; Henry Craig, seventy-eight. Jonathan Hamilton came to this county from Belmont very early and died soon after. His widow is still living, aged eightynine, active and in good health.

Of Lexington little now remains except the memory. Yet it was a trading-point of some importance long before Summerfield came in to being, and was probably the oldest projected village in the county. In early years, a man named Finch had a store there; John Wolf, a blacksmith shop, and John Miller a tavern.

In 1833 the owners of "town lots" in Lexington were Martin Crow, William Caldwell, John Miller, David Rose, William G. Shankland, David Sutton, William Sutton and William. Sutherland.

James W. Shankland, who had

previously been in the mercantile business for a short time in Summerfield, started the first store of importance in Lexington. John Rownd was in business with him for awhile, first as clerk and then as partner. Shankland kept store at Lexington many years and dealt extensively in tobacco. After quitting the mercantile business (about 1850), he converted all the town lots into a farm, and "Lexington" ceased to be.

An old resident states that Lexing ton was projected as early as 1818 by Thomas Emery and Jacob Young. They were unable to pay for the land, and some years later James W. and William G. Shankland bought a half section, including the site of the town, and kept store there, moving their goods from Summerfield.

Jesse Moseley, a brother of Charles Moseley, was an early settler. He was a native of Tennessee, and for a time lived in the family of the father of Andrew Johnson. He was born in 1866 and died in 1885. He was a mechanic, and was favorably known to many of the old settlers of the region.

William Kent on the Stevens' farm, near the Monroe County line, had an early grist-mill run by water. Many of the early settlers had hand-mills. Kent was one of the earliest settlers in the county, and was contemporary with the Enochs and Archers, on the East Fork of Duck Creek. His house was a favorite stopping place for travelers in early years, it being the only improvement for many miles.

It was also a rendezvous for hog dealers for miles around; here they received their droves, and weighed them, if they were not successful in "lumping them off," as it was called. The manner of weighing hogs in those days was to put them singly into a sling and get their weight with steelyards.

Sylvanus Baldwin was an early Yankee settler about a mile from Summerfield. The Baldwins did much weaving for the neighbors. Sylvanus was a shrewd, keen little fellow who was an adept in butchering, and prided himself upon his skill in that line. A little farther on, a small improvement was made by a man named Plumer, who sold out to the Osborns, who still occupy the farm.

James Lemmax came from Pittsburgh in 1818, and bought 160 acres from William and David Sutton. In 1820 he located upon his land and remained four years, then rented it and returned to Pittsburgh, where he remained until September, 1830. He then came back to his farm and there remained until his death. He worked hard and so managed as to secure a piece of land for each of his children. He was a man of more than ordinary ability and energy, accomplishing what he undertook; a man of rather peculiar mechanical genius, a worker in either wood or iron; would imitate in either stone, leather, wood or iron anything he saw or took a notion to do.

Hosea King came about 1816. He had seven sons, all of whom are dead. Some prospered well and the others.

who came about 1818, was called

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the squatter." It was his custom to begin an improvement, erect a cabin and then sell out his right to some new-comer. Land was then $2 per acre. A settler could enter 160 acres to be paid for in three payments. If he found himself unable to pay for the whole, he could take eighty acres instead.

Digging and marketing ginseng or sang," as it was called, was one of the chief industries among the early settlers. This article and wolfscalps were their main sources of revenue. Catching wild turkeys in pens afforded an easy method of supplying the family with game. One side of the log pen had an opening sufficiently high to allow the turkeys to pass under, following up a trail of corn scattered both outside and inside the pen. The birds, when inside, looked upward for means of escape, and seldom crawled out as they came in. It is said that Mrs. Capell once undertook to get some turkeys out of a pen, taking two in each hand. When she had secured them, they undertook to fly, but she pluckily hung to them until they became entangled in the bushes, and her husband came to her assistance.

On one occasion a hunter named McBride, who lived five or six miles away, was chasing a deer past the house of James Lemmax. Mrs. Lemmax saw it, and sent a bulldog in pursuit. The dog caught it as it was attempting to leap a fence, and with the assistance of Mrs. Lemmax, kept the deer down until her son came

Henry Craig, still living, says he helped to raise the first cabin in Summerfield.

Of Hugh Waybrant, an early justice of the peace, the following anecdote is related: Soon after being commissioned, he was called upon to perform a marriage ceremony. Being somewhat nervous and not fully posted as to the necessary form, but still with an idea that some form of swearing was necessary, he got through with the marriage something after this style: "Do you take this woman for your wife?" "I do." "Do you take this man for your husband?" "I do." "Then if you ain't married!"

The Danfords of Noble County are very numerous, and also very worthy citizens. They are descended from three brothers-Samuel, William and Ambrose Danford, who came from New Jersey to Belmont County, and thence to what is now Marion Township very early. William was a soldier of 1812, and died in the service. Samuel was a prominent and influential man among the early settlers.

He was a successful farmer and acquired a comfortable property. He was the father of fifteen children -Morris, Michael, Peter, William, Samuel, Benjamin, Rachel, Rebecca, Sarah, Elizabeth, Lucretia, Nancy,