Crawford, Horace Ladd, S. Lawton, Jr., Edward R. Mayer, James B. Lewis, Horace Ladd, E. Bulkely, C. Underwood, Charles Burr, E. R. Mayer, J. B. Crawford, J. E. Ross, J. A. Murphy, Frank Corss, A. D. Tewksbury, C. A. Spencer, J. B. Crawford, R. Davis, Lewis H. Taylor, S. W. Trimmer, W. G. Weaver, C. P. Knapp, J. L. Miner, G. W. Guthrie, W. H. Faulds.

Officers: President, J. T. Howell; vice-presidents, L. L. Rogers and Charles Long; secretary and treasurer, Maris Gibson; executive committee: Drs. A. G. Fell, T. A. James, L. I. Shoemaker, G. T. Matlack and J. S. Hileman; censors: G. W. Guthrie, H. Taylor and W. R. Longshore; has sixty-five members.

The Luzerne County Homœopathic society was organized about 1866 and was in existence about two years. Dr. A. C. Stevens was president, Dr. William Brisbin secretary and treasurer.

The law requiring physicians and accoucheurs to register went into effect in 1881, and the records show the following:

Henry C. Ames, John Andrews, Franklin F. Arndt, Charles A. Ayers, George R. Andreas, Alfred Atkinson, Daniel Andrews, Rosanna Appleton William Allcut.

Jonathan E. Bulkley, A. A. Barton, Emanuel L. Betterly, John J. Breese, Oliver H. Brown, Elmer E. Barton, Frank M. Brundage, Henry C. Bacon, Robert B. Brown, Jeremiah K. Bowers, Boordman P. Backus, P. S. Brewster, William Brown, S. L. Brown, William Barton Brader, Walter A. Brooks, Charles Seidler Beck, Charles J. Barrett, Augustus A. Bancroft, Thomas G. Barrett, Thomas Brace, Lucinda Barnes, John W. Beck, Herman Bloch, Horace Edward Brayton, John H. Bowman. Julius A. Bullard, James Brooks, Jacob F. Briggs, Augustus P. Bissell, George W. Bennett, Charles W. Bawer, Emerson K. Brundage, Ephraim N. Banks, Robert Blakeslee, Edgar F. Bonham, Jefferson Biehl, Joseph L. Bower, Clarence L. Boston, James F. Beckwith, William J. Butler, Frampton H. Brown, Dilbert Barney, Elliott T. Brady, George E. Bush, Peter M. Barber, Lemon P. Boston, Martin J. Backinstoe, Benjamin Beran, John Adams Burlington, George C. Brown, Ernest W. Buckman.

Thomas H. Christian, John M. Cressler, D. Wilmot Conner, Fredrick Corss, Lloyd S. Creasy, Chauncey S. Carey, James W. Cole, Charles N. Cox, Thomas H. Carey, Harvey Croskey, John Campbell, Charles Lee Codding, Charles B. Constable, Charles W. Carle, Michael A. Carroll, Edwin A. Cuney, Peter J. Connell Joseph H. Cloud, Sarah J. Coe, Sidney A. Campbell, Philip B. Cook, Horace G. Calley, Jesse R. Casselberry, John B. Crawford, Mercur B. Croll, Bennett Cobleigh, Thomas O. Clingman, George A. Clark, Thomas P. Casselberry, H. B. Casselberry, Willard Cyrus, Alonzo L. Cussler, Minnie Cohen, Daniel W. Collins, Henry G. Cease.

Alfred G. Davison, James W. Davenport, Benjamin H. R. Davenport, Ciciro H. Drake, Jacob Doetsch, E. L. Dieffenderfer, George W. Dreher, Theodore A. Dobson, Catharine A. Downing, J. F. Dively, William W. Dyson, Edward M. Davis, Daniel W. Dodson, Oliver L. Delancy, Reese Davis, Adolph E. Dobienz, David H. Davis, William G. Dietz, John T. J. Dazle, Robert G. Davis, F. S. Douglass, Edgar B. Doolittle, Fletcher B. Dodson, William Deepench, Moses D. DeWitt, Boyd Dodson, Ann Davis, William F. Danzer, Rueben O. Davis, Ira J. Dunn, Anthony F. Dougherty, William O. Davies, Mary Ann Davis, Willard O. Dalton, Thomas E. Davis, W. J. Devoe, Maria R. De Madend.

David E. Evans, Edgar J. Engleman, Mary Everett, John R. Espy, Lewis Edwards, Dan Evans, Philip Eckman, Evan M. Evans, Evan Evans, Oscar V. Everett.

William H. Faulds, Edward C. Fletcher, Ellen Fitzpatrick, Alexander G. Fell, Benjamin F. French, Richard B. Fruit, John Fruit, Henry C. Fuller, William G. Fulton.

George W. Guthrie, Edward Gumpert, William C. Gayley, Peter John Gibbons,

Anne Griffiths, P. J. Gillespie, Anne Griffiths, John B. Grover, Richard H. Gibbons, Samuel A. Gibson, Maris Gibson, Sigismund, Gruenberg, D. Gumpert, James W. Geis, DeWitt C. Guthrie, N. Gregorio.

Herman Hirschfield, Samuel L. Halley, Mason B. Hughes, Richard H. Hutchins, William L. Hortman, Patrick J. Higgins, Walter A. M. Huebner, May Hill, Harry Hakes, Olin F. Harvey, Reginald T. Hylton, John T. Howell, William G. Hamilton, Edward C. Hice, Eugune S. Hays, W. R. Hand, Willet E. Hughes, J. Willis Hill, I. C. Harter, Peter Hines, F. L. Hollister, Lloyd N. Horwitz, Philip F. Hubler, Mary Hutchinson, Charles H. Hare, Webber L. Hutchinson, William H. Hacker, John Hislop, E. H. S. Hutchinson, George E. Hill, Eliza J. Hamilton, Jacob F. Hill, D. À. W. Huebner, H. V. Hower, John S. Hileman, Jane Howell, Elmer S. Howell, Glennis E. Humphrey, Oscar E. Hoffman, Nelson D. Haskill, Jerre Hicks Hughes.

George Augustus Ingram.

Mary James, David T. Jones, F. W. Johnson, Thomas A. James, James A.. Joy, Ann Jones, Jane Jones, Mary G. Jones, Rachel Jones, Jane Jones, Theodore M. Johnson, John H. Jones, Sylvester A. Jones, George L. Jolly, Fredrick C. Johnson, Mary Jones, Ellen James, Anna Jarvis, Barbara John, Emily James.

Edwin F. Kamerly, Avery Knapp, Effenger R. Kline, Dana W. Kingsbury, John Kaufman, John Stewart Kulp, Henry Kunkle, Catharine Kahl, Charles P. Knapp, Jacob C. Kisner, George H. Kirwan, William Pete Kenedy, Henry M. Kellar, Rosana Keller, Gere M. Kuhary, Edwin F. Kemerly, Patrick H. Kearny, Anna Gertrude Koehler.

William E. Lloyd, A. A. Lape, William R. Longshore, Harvey K. Leanord, James G. Loing, John W. Leckie, Charles Long, Henry M. Long, David H. Lake, Charles A. Long, Elizabeth Lewis, Bridge N. Lambert, Richard Lloyd, Walter Lathrop, Daniel H. Lockard, Austin J. Louder, John S. Lampman, James R. Lewis, Walter L. Lea, H. P. Lorman, Franklin M. Lanbach, Robert B. Lamont, Horace Lindsey, Frank P. Lenahan, Thomas F. Lynatt, Rachel B. Fain, Otto Loeb, William M. Lewis.

Samuel Marsden, G. W. McKee, Edward R. Mayer, Thomas J. Mays, William G. Morris, Miles F. McTaggart, William J. McCausland, Charles E. Moore, D. V. Mott, David C. Mebane, Ira W. Marstiller, John V. Mattison, William F. Mahon, Josiah J. Myers, Peter C. Manley, Robert Murdock, John P. McDonald, Joshua L. Miner, Joseph A. Murphy, Isaac H. Moore, John M. Mulholland, Frank L. McKee, John C. Morris, John C. Morgan, Franklin Monroe, John B. Mahan, Pearson A. Meck, Granville F. Matluck, Daniel W. Mears, John F. McWilliam, Jason H, Moore, Dennis G. McCarthy, Charles B. McClure, Thomas H. Messerole, Ann Mooney, Sarah McCartney, Fredrick M. Miller, Charles J. McFadden, Edward McGeehan, Martha Morgans, Bridget McMahon, Aston Hugh Morgan, Adams McKnight, Maria Rosa Modena.

Henry M. Neale, John H. Nixon, William V. D. Nichols, Ellen Norris. Walter O'Neal, Edward G. O'Malley, James O'Malley, Mary Ann Owens, Alexander P. O'Malley, George S. Oldmixon, Anna R. O'Brien, Mary Orme.

John S. Pfouts, John H. Peacock, O. F. Person, Hubert F. Praeger, A. Parfrey, O. C. Payne, William Petty, Lemis W. Prevost, H. M. Parvin, James M. Peebles, Albert T. Paffenberger, Landon S. Pace, William F. Pier, Philip P. Pfeiffer, Weston F. Piatt, John H. Potter, Charles R. Parke, Charles S. Potts, John A. Person, Sarah Jane Pheonix, M. F. Pilgrim.

Paul Alexander Quick.

James C. Rippard, L. L. Rogers, Albert G. Rickard, William Green Robbins, Conrad S. Reynolds, John W. Root, David L. Ross, Herman S. Rooker, Jane Rees, Joel M. Rogers, Isaac E. Ross, James N. Rice, Everett W. Rutter, Abner P. Beeher, Milton A. Robinson, W. A. L. Riegel, Orian S. Rhodes, Susan Rourke, Samuel A. Ruffner, Charles H. Richard, Nathaniel Ross.

Reuben M. Shobert, Calvin A. Spencer, Charles W. Spayde, Oscar E. Shultz, John Strand, Charles T. Steck, Jacob L. Sherman, William H. H. Sharp, Nelson Stiles, Dennis F. Smith, Thomas J. Salt, Walter S. Stewart, Lewis B. Smith, Wilbur I. Stevens, William D. Sharer, J. H. Sandel, John G. Schuller, Levi J. Shoemaker, William E. Stiles, W. R. Simmons, William O. Smith, Jacob A. Singer, Samuel B. Sturdevant, Albert C. Snyder, Peter C. Shire, John G. Sperling, G. B. Seamans, Frank Schilcher, Ephraim A. Santee, John G. Smythe, Lawrence H. Smith, F. H. Sinning, C. C. Smith, James Stevenson, Ezra J. Schlicher, Justus Sutliff, Albert W. Sovereen, Clarence M. Selfridge, C. H. Strong, Thomas Stroup, Warren W. Strange, L. M. Stoeckle, H. J. Sinclair.

Lewis H. Taylor, Edgar R. Troxell, George W. Trimble, Samuel W. Trimmer, William Taylor, Simeon D. Treible, George Seeley Thompson, John J. Timlin, Anderson D. Tewkesburry, Evan J. Thomas, Robert H. Tubbs, J. C. Thompson, Albert D. Thomas, William Theis, Thomas B. Thomas, Harry W. Trimmer, Owen E. Thomas, Rapheal Tita, Richard P. Taylor, George Urguhart, Mary Underwood, Thomas Theel, George V. Tobin, Augustus Tropold, Gideon Underwood.

J. P. Vought, William F. Vanloon, Milton D. Van Thorn, William T. Van Vredenburg, William Van Doren.

William C. Weaver, Charles H. Wilson, James J. Walsh, Walter Windson, John L. Wentz, David H. Wentz, Lorenz E. Weiss, John Wilbur, James H. Wilson, Evan Welnam, H. M. Wenner, C. E. Wagner, Harry L. Whitney, Chester A. Wilkinson, Silva White, Joel Whary, Richard J. Williams, Neri B. Williams, Francis T. R. Wagner, Marshall G. Whitney, George S. Wentz, E. M. C. Wallace, Manassah Whitebread, Henry C. Wheeler, Elias Wildman, Jerome B. Weida, E. L. Wilkinson, T. D. Worden, T. D. Worden, S. H., Wolf, William H. Wallace, Mary Watkins, Frances Wiedner, E. C. O. Wagner, Thomas N. Williams, George L. Wentz.

Alfred F. Yetter, Pearson William Yard, M. S. S. Yanny.
Robert H. Zanner, G. A. Zimmerman.

CHAPTER XVI.

CHURCHES OF THE COUNTY.

FIRST ARRIVALS OF CHURCHES AND ORGANIZATIONS-A RELIGIOUS PEOPLE WERE THE PIONEERS -MORAVIANS, PURITANS AND CATHOLICS IN THEIR ORDER-ETC.

THE

HE first known visit of a Christian minister to the Wyoming region was in 1741, when Rev. John Sargeant, M. A. (Yale, 1729), founder of the Indian training school at Stockbridge, Mass., came here with some Christian missionaries to preach to the aborigines in the valley. He was not well received, and returned home disappointed. An interesting sketch of Mr. Sargeant will be found in Dexter's Yale College Sketches. In the middle of October, 1742, Count Zinzendorf, a pioneer Moravian missionary, met a party of four others, and visited the Indians at Wyoming. He remained here about two weeks.

Baron John Watterville, a bishop of the Moravians, son-in-law to Count Zinzendorf, visited Wyoming October 4, 1748, with Bishop Cammerhoff and Martin Mack. David Zeisberger, the apostle to the Indians, also went as interpreter. It was on this visit that the ceremony of the Lord's supper was first administered in the Wyoming valley. Zeisberger and Cammerhoff repeated this visit in May, 1750; and

December, 1751, accompanied by Gottlieb Bergold, elder general of the "Single Richter." In the same year Zeisberger, Shongenberg, Seidil, Schmick and Koske made a visit to Wyoming and induced 107 Nanticoke Shawnee Indians to visit Gnadenhutten and Bethlehem. In 1775 Zeisberger established noted itineracies in Wyoming valley, in which Adam Grube, Frederick Post and Christian Seidil, missionaries, assisted, but the massacre by French Indians at Penn creek, Snyder county, (Col. Rec. W. 645) led them to close the mission work until October, 1762, when Zeisberger again visited Wyoming. [De Schweinitz. Life of Zeisberger.]

According to the deposition of Parshall Terry, one of the number, ninety-four settlers came from Connecticut to the Wyoming valley, August, 1762, among them Rev. William Marsh, a Baptist minister. He was slain October 15, 1763, with some twenty others. Some writers claim that he was a Congregational minister. D. O. N. Worder says that he was the first Englishman whose blood stained the soil of Wyoming. Morgan Edward, the Baptist historian, says: "William Marsh was born in Wrentham, N. E., and ordained among the 'Separate' branch of the Congregationalists. About 1749 he, with sixteen others, formed an Independent church at Mansfield, Conn., of which he became pastor. In 1751 they settled in the north part of Newton, Sussex county, N. J., where, previous to 1756, Mr. Marsh and eight others originated the First Baptist church, Wantage. About 1700 he and thirty-six others undertook something of the Moravian system of holding property in common which resulted unfavorably. He turned his attention to trading in live stock, which greatly injured himself and his neighbors, for in returning from one town he had occasion to stop at Society Hill, Philadelphia, and lost his saddlebags and money. In 1762-3 he joined the white settlement of Wyoming, where he was made the butt of ridicule by the Indians. He was an animated and earnest preacher. He was followed by Rev. George Beckwith in 1770.

The Presbyterian Church.-The following is a summary of the history of this church by Sheldon Reynolds, Esq., corresponding secretary Wyoming Historical and Geological society, prepared for the history of Lackawanna Presbytery, 1889, and is given by permission:

"Although the early history of this church is involved in some obscurity by reason of the lack of records of the period prior to 1803, and the disturbing influences that arose from extraneous causes, it may be said to have had its beginning in the year 1770, the second year of the settlement of Wyoming, as this section of the State was then called. In 1770 Rev. George Beckwith, Jr., of Lyme, Conn., a graduate of Yale college (1766), became the first settled minister of the church. He was chosen for the work by the Susquehanna company of Connecticut, under whose auspices the settlement of Wyoming had been undertaken, and for his services in the ministry here he received compensation furnished by the people. He did not, however, remain a long time in this field of labor, and was succeeded, in 1773, by the Rev. Jacob Johnson, a graduate of Yale (1740). Sketches of George Beckwith and Jacob Johnson will be found in Yale biographies, 1701-45."

Mr. Johnson's pastoral relations with the church continued for many years, perhaps until the time of his death, March 15, 1797, and extended throughout the period marked in the history of this community by frequent alarm, civil strife, and the ravages of the public enemy.

The controversy between the Connecticut settlers and the proprietary government involving the political jurisdiction of Wyoming began with the first attempts to form a settlement within the territory, but after a few years gave place, for the time being, to the exciting events of the Revolutionary war, the chief of which concerning the people here, was the battle and massacre of Wyoming.

At the close of the war the old controversy, now inherited by the State of Pennsylvania, was renewed with resolute purpose and increased bitterness, the demoralizing effects of which continued to be felt until the beginning of the present century.

No records of the church during this early period have been preserved, if indeed any were kept. But the fact that the church continued to exist, and that it survived the succession of disasters with which it was beset, would not seem to need the corroboration of written chronicles to prove its strength and vitality, and hence its ability to fill its sphere of usefulness. It is known, however, that the church was self-supporting; that the organization was preserved; that services were regularly held when circumstances did not render meetings impossible; and that its sustaining influence was felt in the community.

A house of worship had been built soon after the settlement of the village, which served the needs of the congregation for a few years, but its destruction in 1778, in common with most other buildings, left them no fixed place of worship. The inhabitants, upon their return to Wyoming after the disaster of 1778, used for this purpose the schoolhouses, several of which had been rebuilt, and also met for worship at the houses of some of their own number. In 1791 meetings were held in the log courthouse situated on the public square, the use of which, in part, as a house of worship, was continued until the completion, twelve years afterward, of the church building known as the "Ship Zion."

In 1791 steps were taken to erect a church building, but many obstacles intervened to delay the work, and the house was not ready for occupancy until 1803. "Ship Zion" was occupied by the congregation about thirty years. It was a frame building, well constructed, and possessed some beauty of architecture. The hight and graceful proportions of its spire gained for it a local fame that has not yet entirely passed away, and it remained an interesting and familiar landmark many years after its use by this church as a house of worship had ceased.

After the death of Mr. Johnson efforts were made to secure a pastor, but they were not attended with immediate success. In the interval the pulpit was supplied by missionaries who came under the auspices of the Connecticut missionary society, as well as by others who, under temporary engagements, preached from time to time. Among those who preached at this time were Messrs. Jabez Chadwick and James Woodward, of the Connecticut missionary society; the Rev. Dr. Porter, of Catskill, and the Rev. D. Harrower.

The earliest records of the church that have been preserved bear date July 1, 1803. On that day the congregation of Wilkes-Barre, augmented by a number of the residents of Kingston and other neighboring villages, took the name of the "Church of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston," and the record shows that a confession of faith and a covenant were adopted and signed by twenty-seven members of the church. On the 30th of the same month three deacons were chosen.

In August, 1806, the Rev. Ard. Hoyt, was ordained and installed pastor of the church of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, there being at that time thirty-four members. Six years later the covenant of the Luzerne association of congregational churches was adopted by this church. During Mr. Hoyt's pastorate of eleven years, eightyfive members were added to the church-sixty-one on profession and twenty-four by letter. Mr. Hoyt continued his pastoral relations with the church until November 10, 1817, at which time he resigned. Soon afterward he was appointed a missionary to the Cherokee Indians in the State of Tennessee, where he died February 18, 1828.

The year following Mr. Hoyt's departure, Mr. Hutchins Taylor, a missionary, was minister in charge. He assumed the duties with a view of permanent settlement, but at the time of the division of the congregation, which took place soon afterward, he appears to have gone with the Kingston members, and became the first pastor of their church. Mr. Taylor was succeeded by the Rev. D. Moulton, as stated supply who remained until 1820. The Rev. Eleazer S. Barrows also

preached here occasionally during the years 1817-21. The growth of the church at this time seemed to warrant a division of the con