IMMIGRATION, AUGUST TO NOVEMBER, 1915. The regular monthly bulletin for October of the Bureau of Immigration is not available so as to make inclusion of data from it possible. The following figures showing the continued decline in immigration as a result of the war in Europe are taken from a leaflet sent out by the bureau November 17, 1915. From this it appears that during the period August 1 to November 16 there arrived at all ports of the United States in 1913, 525,812 immigrants, and during the same period of 1914 there arrived 168,854, a decline of 67.9 per cent. During the same period, August 1 to November 16, 1915, the number arriving was 113,082, or a decline of 33 per cent over 1914. Compared with the period August 1 to November 16, 1913, there was a decline of 78.5 per cent. CONCILIATION WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, OCTOBER 18 TO NOVEMBER 13, 1915. On the authority contained in the organic act of the department. to mediate in labor disputes and to appoint commissioners of conciliation in his discretion, the Secretary of Labor, through the commissioners of conciliation, exercised his good offices in eight labor disputes between October 18 and November 13, 1915. The employees involved in these controversies, the numbers affected, and the results secured, so far as available, are shown in the following statement: NUMBER OF LABOR DISPUTES HANDLED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR THROUGH ITS COMMISSIONERS OF CONCILIATION, OCT. 18 TO NOV. 13, 1915. STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS IN THE UNITED STATES DURING JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, AND OCTOBER, 1915. According to data compiled by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics from newspapers and other sources, the number of strikes and lockouts during the four months, July to October, inclusive, was 468. The total number of strikes and lockouts occurring during the 10 months of the calendar year, including the important strikes that began prior to January 1, 1915, but remained unsettled on that date, was 1,126. The total number of strikes and lockouts during the year 1914 was, according to the bureau's data, 1,080. In the following tables giving the strikes and lockouts during July to October, 1915, are included only new strikes that started during the month named. Inasmuch as strikes that start toward the end of a month are sometimes not reported till the following month, the number of strikes recorded for October is not complete. The strikes were distributed among the months as follows: NUMBER OF STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, JULY TO OCTOBER, 1915, BY MONTHS. The number of strikes during the months of July, August, September, and October is comparatively large, due to some extent to the method by which they have been called. In an unusually large proportion of the cases, however, the strikes were of short duration. Ordinarily a trade in a given locality makes demands on all the shops in its jurisdiction collectively and orders one strike on all shops refusing to accede to the demands. In several trades during the past four months, however, the practice has been to make demands on individual shops one after the other and to order strikes in such cases as seemed advisable. Many of the strikes, as well as many demands settled without strike, especially among the metal workers, were due to the extraordinary activity of establishments engaged in the manufacture of war supplies. In the middle and latter part of July a series of strikes followed one another in rapid succession in New York and neighboring States. In all these strikes the attitude of the strikers seems to have been that great profits were being made by employers, and that while work was being carried on at high pressure labor was not getting its fair share of the returns. The general demand was for an eight-hour day with the same wages or a slight increase over the wages formerly received. In several instances the men were granted all their demands, but in the majority of cases a compromise was effected. The series opened with the longshoremen's strike in New York City July 21. It ended a few days later with the making of a compromise agreement. At the same time strikes occurred in New York City and in Bridgeport, Conn., which extended to neighboring cities in the State, to Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, and the West. One hundred and two distinct strikes and six lockouts of machinists are recorded, nearly one-fourth of all the strikes reported 1 See Monthly Review, October, 1915, pp. 34, 35. during the four months' period. The need for workers led many employers to make terms with the strikers as early as possible. The success of the machinists led others to make demands in their industries. Thus between July 1 and October 31, 88 strikes occurred in Connecticut, and many demands were adjusted without strike, and this is a State in which only 21 strikes occurred during the year 1914. Next to the machinists' strikes the strike in the clothing industry in Chicago has been the most prominent. The building-trades strike, which started in May and involved upwards of 50,000 people, was adjusted by the end of July. The beginnings of unrest in the clothing industry in Chicago were apparent in August, when a short strike was successfully carried out in one shop. Mutterings of discontent continued to be heard, and after a month of parleying 25,000 garment workers were called out on strike September 27. This strike was accompanied by clashes between the police and strike sympathizers. The oil strikes at Bayonne, N. J., have been considered by many as connected with the munitions strike. They started July 19, and were accompanied with considerable rioting. The number of strikers and persons locked out in 259 of the strikes and 18 of the lockouts (which includes all from which the bureau has received the data) was as follows: NUMBER OF PERSONS INVOLVED IN STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS SO FAR AS REPORTED. In 348 strikes and 22 lockouts the causes of the disturbances were given. NUMBER OF STRIKES BY CAUSES, JULY TO OCTOBER, 1915. NUMBER OF LOCKOUTS BY CAUSES, JULY TO OCTOBER, 1915. From these tables it appears that in nearly 80 per cent of the strikes the question of wages or hours was involved. The distribution among the more important occupations was as follows: NUMBER OF STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS IN SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS, BY MONTHS, JULY TO OCTOBER, 1915. The Legislature of Colorado at its session this year enacted a law embodying provisions relative to labor disputes that differs from any other existing legislation in this country, resembling in several respects the well-known Canadian Industrial Disputes Act. The act in question is chapter 180, Acts of 1915, creating an industrial commission with a wide range of powers. Among the duties of the commission is that of doing all in its power to promote the voluntary adjustment of labor disputes, with a view to avoid "the necessity of resorting to strikes, lockouts, boycotts, blacklists, dis |