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CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.-THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.

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Origin of the American Indians, 13 - Why they had never become civilized, 13-

Early Spanish explorers, 14- Cabeza de Vaca, 14-Coronado, 15- De Soto, 15-

Expedition of Cartier, 17 — Indian tribal organization, 17- Position of women,

17-Conduct of war, 18- Former Indian population exaggerated, 19— Missionary

effort in the sixteenth century, 19— Results of contact with the white race, 22.

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CHAPTER II.-THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

VIRGINIA: Early treaties, 24-Massacre of 1622, 25-Legal measures, 26-Treaty

of peace, 27 — Growing strength of the colonists, 29-Bacon's rebellion, 30 — In-

dian slavery, 31- Failure of early educational projects, 34 - The Boyle fund, 34 —

Indian school of William and Mary College, 34-Difficulty of obtaining pupils,

35. MARYLAND: First settlement, 36— Laws regarding the Indians, 37 — Lack

of education, 38. MASSACHUSETTS: Distrust of the natives, 38 — Educational

provisions, 39 — Laws regulating intercourse, 40— Slavery, 42— Religious instruc-

tion, 43-Indian civilization checked by King Philip's War, 44— Treatment of the

"praying Indians," 46-John Eliot, 47-Society for the propagation of the Gospel,

50-Indian school at Natick, 52-Vices of the natives, 53-Indian college at

Cambridge, 54-Indian books, 54 — Expenditures for Indian civilization, 57 —

Mashpee Indians, 59 — Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket Indians, 61. NEW YORK:

Dealings of the Dutch with the natives, 62 — Liquor traffic, 63 - The Five Nations,

64-Slavery, 64. ROMAN CATHOLIC MISSIONS: In Florida, 64-In New Mexico,

64-In California, 65-In Maine, 65-In Michigan and along the Lakes, 65 — In

New York, 67.

CHAPTER III.-THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

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VIRGINIA: Enactments against Indians by the Assembly, 70-Favors extended to

tributary tribes, 71 — Exploration of the Neuse River by De Graffenried and Law-

son, September, 1711, 71-Indian depredations, 74— Indian education, 75. PENN-

SYLVANIA: Moravian missions, 78- Moravian missions in Ohio, 82. NEW YORK:

Missions among the Iroquois, 85-Moravian missions, 87. NEW ENGLAND: Indian

education, 90-Revolutionary leaders and the Indian question, 103- Enactments

of the Continental Congress, 104.

CHAPTER IV.-ADMINISTRATION OF INDIAN AFFAIRS.

Historical outline of administration, 106- The Indian Department, 108- Transferred

to Department of the Interior by act of March 3, 1849, 108 — Offico organization,

109-List of Commissioners of Indian Affairs since 1832, 109-Finance division;

land and law division, 110- Field organization, 112-Duties of agents, 112-Sala-

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ries of agents, 115-Indian police and court of Indian offenses, 117 - Indian inspect-

ors, 117- Special agents, 119- The Board of Indian Commissioners, 118-Present

members of the Board with their post-office addresses, 121.

CHAPTER V.-GENERAL REVIEW OF INDIAN RESERVATIONS.

Established by treaty and by order of President, 123 - Reservations established by

treaty or act of Congress, 124-Reservations established by Executive order, 126—

Rules pertaining to Indian reservations, 127-Indian land tenure, 129-Treaty of

Guadaloupe Hidalgo, 134-Laws permitting Indians to take up public lands, 136 —

Leasing of Indian lands, 138-Land in severalty, 138-Legal status of Indians,

141-Trading regulation, 146- Are the Indians dying out? 152.

CHAPTER VI.-INDIAN EDUCATION.

Regulations for Indian education made by the Continental Congress, 161 — Early regu-

lations for Indian education by the United States, 162- Reports of schools, 164 -

Statistics of Indian education, 173.

CHAPTER VII.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF ARIZONA TERRITORY.

The Gadsden purchase, 198-COLORADO RIVER AGENCY: Colorado River Reserva-

tion, 198; Hualpai Reservation, 200; Suppai Reservation, 201 - PIMA AGENCY:

Gila River Reservation, 202; Gila Bend Reservation, 205; Papago Reservation,

205; Salt River Reservation, 206- SAN CARLOS AGENCY: White Mountain Reser-

vation, 208; Tulerosa Valley Reserve, 208; Camp Grant Reservation, 209; Camp

Verde Reservation, 210; Moqui Reservation, 215.

CHAPTER VIII.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF CALIFORNIA.

Acts of Congress for sustaining military reservations in California, 216-HOOPA VAL-

LEY AGENCY: Hoopa Valley Reservation, 219; Klamath River Reservation, 221

MISSION AGENCY: Mission Reservations, 225; Executive orders relating to same,

227-ROUND VALLEY AGENCY: Round Valley Reservation, 230-TULE RIVER

AGENCY: Tule River Reservation, 237; Yuma Reservation, 238.

CHAPTER IX.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF COLORado.

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First emigrants sustained by purchases of wheat, corn, etc., from the Indians, 240—

Indian farms in 1856, 241 — SOUTHERN UTE AGENCY: Ute Reservation, 242 — Syn-

opsis of treaties made with Utah Indians, 243; Treaty with the Tabegauche, Muache,

Capote, Weeminuche, Yampa, Grand River, and Uintah bands of Ute Indians, made

at Washington, March 2, 1868, 245; Treaty between United States and the above at

San Pinos Agency, September 13, 1873, 246.

CHAPTER X.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF DAKOTA TERRITORY.

Agencies, 251-FORT BERTHOLD AGENCY: Fort Berthold Reservation, 251-Synopsis

of treaties, 252; Sioux Reservation, 252— CHEYENNE RIVER AGENCY, 257 — Crow

CREEK and Lower Brulé AGENCY: Crow Creek Reservation, 258; Old Winne-

bago Reservation, 260-PINE RIDGE AGENCY, 262-ROSEBUD AGENCY, 263—

STANDING ROCK AGENCY, 264-Synopsis of Sioux treaties, 265-SISSETON AGENCY:

Lake Traverse Reservation, 281-DEVIL'S LAKE AGENCY: Devil's Lake Reserva-

tion, 284; Turtle Mountain Reservation, 285; Ponca Reservation, 286— YANKTON

AGENCY: Yankton Reservation, 287.

CHAPTER XI.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF IDAHO TERRITORY.

FORT HALL AGENCY: Fort Hall Reservation, 291; Synopsis of treaties, 292; Unrati-

fied agreement of 1880, 294 — LEMHI AGENCY: Lemhi Reservation, 294 — NEZ

PERCÉ AGENCY: Lapwai Reservation, 296-COLVILLE AGENCY: Coeur d'Alêne

Reservation, 300.

CHAPTER XII.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF INDIAN TERRITORY.

Agencies, 304 CHEYENNE AND ARAPAHO AGENCY: Cheyenne and Arapaho Reser-

vation, 305; Synopsis of treaties made with Apache Indians, etc., 306; with Chey-

enne Indians, 303; with Cheyenne and Arapahoes, 308; Unratified agreement made

October 19, 1872, with Arapahoes, Wichitas, Caddos, and others, 311-KIOWA, CO-

MANCHE, AND WICHITA AGENCY: Kiowa and Comanche Reservation, 314; Treaties

with the Kiowas, Wichitas, Katakas, Tawakaros, and others, 315; Wichita Reser-

vation, 318; Treaties with Delaware Indians, etc., 318; Unratified agreement of

October 19, 1872, 323 — OSAGE AGENCY: Osage Reservation, 323; Treaty with Osage

Indians, 324; Kansas Reservation, 327; Treaties with Kansas Indians, 328-PONCA,

PAWNEE, AND ОTOE AGENCY: Ponca Reservation, 330; Treaties with the Ponca

Indians, 330; Otoe Reservation, 333; Treaties with Otoe Indians, 333; Pawnee

Reservation, 336; Treaties with Pawnee Indians, 336; Oakland Reservation, 339-

QUAPAW AGENCY: Quapaw Reservation, 340; Treaties with Quapaw Indians, 341;

Modoc Reservation, 342; Ottawa Reservation, 343; Treaties with Ottawa Indians,

344; Peoria Reservation, 345; Kaskaskia treaties, 346; Treaties with Miami Indians,

etc.,
349.

CHAPTER XIII.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF INDIAN TERRITORY-CONTINUED.

QUAPAW AGENCY, continued: Seneca Reservation, 359; Shawnee Reservation, 359;

Treaties with Shawnee Indians, 360; Wyandotte Reservation, 363; Treaties with

the Wyandotte Indians, 363 -SAC AND FOX AGENCY: Sac and Fox Reservation,

367; Treaties with Sac and Fox Indians, 368; Iowa Reservation, 372; Kickapoo

Reservation, 373; Pottawatomie Reservation, 374; Treaties with Pottawatomies,

375-UNION AGENCY: Cherokee Reservation, 381; Government of the Five Nations,

381; Cherokee treaties, 382; 'hickasaw Reservation, 390; Treaties with Chicka-

saws, 391; Choctaw Reservation, 396; Treaties with Choctaws, 397; Creek Reser-

vation, 400; Treaties with Creeks and Seminoles, 401; Seminole Reservation, 407;

Treaties with Seminoles, 408.

CHAPTER XIV.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF IOWA, KANSAS, AND MICHIGAN.

Iowa: SAC AND FOX AGENCY: Sac and Fox Reservation, 411- Kansas: POTTAWATO-

MIE AND GREAT NEMAHA AGENCY: Chippewa and Munsee Reservation, 412; Trea-

ties with Munsee Indians, 413; Kickapoo Reservation, 413; Kickapoo treaties, 414;

Pottawatomie Reservation, 416-Michigan: MACKINAC AGENCY: Isabella Reserva-

tion, 417; L'Anse Reservation, 419; Ontonagon Reservation, 420; Treaties with

Chippewa and other Indians, 420.

CHAPTER XV.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF MINNESOTA AND MONTANA.
Minnesota: WHITE EARTH AGENCY: White Earth Reservation, 443; Leech Lake
Reservation, 445; Mille Lac Reservation, 446; Red Lake Reservation, 446; Winne-
bagoshish Reservation, 447; Boisé Fort Reservation, 448; Deer Creek Reservation,
448; Fond du Lac Reservation, 449; Grand Portage Reservation, 450; Vermillion
Lake Reservation, 451- Montana Territory: BLACKFEET AGENCY, 452— FORT BEL-
KNAP AGENCY, 453-FORT PECK AGENCY, 453- Blackfeet treaties, 454-CROW
AGENCY: Crow Reservation, 459; Synopsis of Crow Treaties, 459- FLATHEAD
AGENCY: Jocko Reservation, 463; Synopsis of treaties with confederated bands of
Flathead, Kootenai, and Upper Pend d'Oreille Indians, 464-TONGUE RIVER
AGENCY: Northern Cheyenne Reservation, 467; Arapaho treaties, 468.

CHAPTER XVI.-INDIAN REservations of Nebraska, NEVADA, AND NEW MEXICO.

Nebraska: SANTEE AND FLANDREAU AGENCY: Niobrara Reservation, 470; Synopsis of

treaties, 472-POTTAWATOMIE AND GREAT NEMAHA AGENCY: Iowa Reservation,

478; Treaties with Iowas, 478; Sac and Fox Reservation, 481 — OMAHA AND WIN-

NEBAGO AGENCY: Omaha Reservation, 482; Omaha treaties, 483; Winnebago Res-

ervation, 486; Winnebago treaties, 486— Nevada: NEVADA AGENCY: Pyramid Lake

Reservation, 493; Walker River Reservation, 495; Moapa River Reservation, 496-

WESTERN SHOSHONE AGENCY: Duck Valley Reservation, 498; Treaties with West-

ern band of Shoshones, 499-New Mexico: Pueblo Industrial School Reserve, 501;

MESCALERO AND JICARILLA AGENCY: Mescalero Apache Reservation, 502-NAVAJO

AGENCY: Navajo Reservation, 508; Treaties with the Navajo Indians, 509 - PUEBLO

AGENCY, 511-Zuni Pueblo Reserve, 513.

CHAPTER XVII.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF NEW YORK.

NEW YORK AGENCY, 514; Oil Spring Reservation, 515; Cattaraugus Reservation, 517;

Cornplanter Reservation, 518; Tonawanda Reservation, 519; Tuscarora Reserva-

tion, 520; Onondaga Reservation, 521; St. Regis Reservation, 522; Oneida Reser-

vation, 523; Treaties with Six Nations, 525; Treaties with St. Regis Indians, 528;

Treaties with Senecas, 529; Treaties with Mixed Senecas, Shawnees, and others, 534.

CHAPTER XVIII.-INDIAN TRIBES OF NEW YORK.

Their condition, 535-Livingston's fraudulent leases, 538-Settlement of Massachu-

setts claims, 540- The Phelps and Gorham purchase, 540- The Robert Morris

purchase, 541-The Ogden Land Company, 542- Indians of New York in the War

of 1812, 547-Indian Reservations of New York, 548-The Thomas Asylum for

Orphan and Destitute Indian Children, 554 - Friends' Boarding School at Tunes-

sasse, 558-The Seneca constitution, 568-Schools among New York Indians, 570—

Statistics of, 573-Missions, 578-Indian agricultural societies, 578-State and

United States annuities, 579- Wealth of New York Indians in 1861, 580 - Statistics

as returned by the State census, 581.

CHAPTER XIX.—Indian Reservations of North Carolina, Oregon, and UTAH

TERRITORY.

North Carolina: EASTERN CHEROKEE AGENCY: Qualla Boundary and other lands,

587-Oregon: GRANDE RONDE AGENCY: Grand Ronde Reservation, 589; Synopsis

of treaty with Rogue River Indians, 589-Treaty with Chastas, Scotones, and Ump-

quas, 552; with Umpquas and Calapooias, 593; with Molel Indians, 595- KLAMATH

AGENCY: Klamath Reservation, 596; Treaty with Klamath and Moadoc Tribes, etc.,

576; Malheur Reservation, 598-SILETZ AGENCY: Siletz Reservation, 601 — UMA-

TILLA AGENCY: Umatilla Reservation, 604; Treaty with Walla-Wallas, etc.. 604 —

WARM SPRINGS AGENCY: Warm Spring Reservation, 607; Treaty with Walla-

Wallas, etc., 608- Utah Territory: UINTAH AGENCY: Uintah Reservation, 610—

OURAY AGENCY: Uncompahgre Reservation, 612.

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CHAPTER XX.-INDIAN RESERVATIONS OF WASHINGTON TERRITORY.

COLVILLE AGENCY: Colville Reservation, 613; Spokane Reservation, 616; Columbia

Reservation, 617; Columbia or Moses Reserve, 617; Agreement of July 7, 1883, 618;

Allotments made to Sar-sarp-kin and other Indians, 620; NEAH BAY AGENCY: Ma-

kah Reservation, 629; Synopsis of treaty with Makah tribe, 630-NISQUALLY AND

S'KOKOMISH AGENCY: Puyallup Reservation, 31; Treaty with Nisqually and other

tribes, 632; Nisqually Reservation, 636; Squaxin Island Reservation, 636; Chehalis

Reservation, 636; S'Kokomish or Twana Reservation, 639; Treaty with S'Klallams,

640 — QUINAIELT AGENCY: Quinaielt Reservation, C42; Treaty with Quinaielt and

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