the United States, annually-from 1821 to 1840, inclusive. Statement of the Tobacco, Snuff, and Manufactured Tobacco, exported from Statement, showing to what countries the larger portion of the Tobacco is exported. 1827 28,918 2,310,543 8,963 1828 25,176 1,619,524 5,909 1829 21,916 1,520,109 6,835 1830 19,910 1,537,744 7,007 241,919 $20,392,176 65,822 $7,955,164 218,679 $11,654,228 139,515 $6,788,333 158,310 824,245 Total, 282,721 $29,802,290 81,012 $8,406,182 205,028 $10,253,237 234,403 $11,945,853 164,591 967,755 524,640 $50,194,466 146,834 $16,361,346 423,707 $21,907,465 373,918 $18,734,186 322,901 1,792,000 EXPORTS OF TOBACCO FROM THE UNITED STATES. The preceding tables, with the accompanying remarks, were prepared by SAMUEL HAZARD, Esq., of the United States Commercial and Statistical Register. They are compiled from official documents, and exhibit in a clear and comprehensive form the condition and progress of the tobacco trade for the last twenty years. The tables furnish a view of the tobacco trade, from 1821 to 1840. It appears that during that period there were exported 1,792,000 hogsheads, valued by the treasury department at $131,346,514; being an annual average of 89,600 hogsheads, or $6,567,325. During the years 1821 to 1839, (we have not received the account of 1840,) there were exported 788,477 pounds of snuff, and 57,196,254 pounds manufactured tobacco; valued together at $5,556,581. For the first ten years of the series, 1821 to 1830, there were exported 824,245 hogs. heads of tobacco, valued at $56,889,291; and during the last ten years, 1830 to 1840, 967,755 hogsheads, valued at $74,457,223; being an excess in the last ten years over the first ten, of 143,510 hogsheads, or $17,567,932. The average annual export in the first ten years was 82,424 hogsheads, or $5,688,929; and during the second ten years, 96,775 hogsheads, or $7,445,722. The average price during the whole twenty years was $73 21 per hogshead. For the first ten years, $69 11, and for the second ten years, $76 83; or if 1,200 be taken as the average weight of the hogshead, the price during the twenty years will be 6 10-100 cents per pound; first ten years, 5 cents, and second ten years, 6 40-100 cts. per pound. It is to be regretted that an account of the quantities of tobacco, the produce of the different states, has not been kept, as the quality of each varies, as does also the size of the hogsheads. It will be observed, that owing to the short crop in 1839, the average price exceeds that of other years very considerably. It is remarkable how nearly uniform has been the quantity annually exported for the last twenty years, with the exception of four or five years. The second table presents a view of the exports to those countries which receive from the United States the largest share of our export of tobacco. The whole amount sent in twenty years was In the first ten years there were shipped to England..... Being an increase in the last period of................. 40,802 The average annual export to England during the twenty years, was 26,132 hhds., valued at $2,509,723. To France in the ten years, 1821 to 1830, were exported.......... Being an increase in ten years of........ The annual average to France is 7,341 hhds., or $818,067. 65,822 hhds. 81,012 66 Being a decrease in the last ten years of.............. 13,651 " The average annual export is 21,185 hhds., or $1,095,373. Of other countries: Gibraltar, on an average of the three last years, receives annually 5,130 hhds.; Sweden and Norway, 1,564 hhds.; Belgium, 1,255 hhds.; Italy, 1,660 hhds.; Cuba, 769 hhds.; Africa, 1,108 hhds.; Spain, 1,067 hhds.; Scotland, 854 hhds. IRON TRADE OF NEWPORT AND CARDIFF, WALES. The following statement of the iron trade from 1829 to 1840, inclusive, is derived from Hazard's Statistical Register : Iron sent down the Glamor- Iron sent down the Mon- Coal carried on the Glamor. ganshire Canal. mouthshire Canal. Tons. ganshire Canal. 1829 Tons. Tons. .119,0824 1829. 83,729 A Table, showing the draft and tonnage of various classes of vessels which enter the port of New York, when deeply laden. CLASSES AND NAMES. SHIPS OF WAR-Pennsylvania,...... Ships of the Line-Independence, Delaware, North Carolina,. Frigates, 1st class-Brandywine, United States, Potomac, &c.... Do. 2d class-Congress, Constellation, &c........ Sloops, 1st class-John Adams, Cyane, &c........ Do. 2d class-Erie, Ontario, and Boston, &c..... Brigs-Dolphin, Consort, Pioneer, &c....... 12-gun Schooners-Grampus, Shark, Enterprise, &c.. Steamers-Missouri, &c....... MERCHANTMEN, &c.-Steamship British Queen,... Ship Cornelia,...... 1065 17 6 Roscius,.. "Garrick,. Statement of the number of arrivals and tonnage of vessels at the port of New York, from 1810 to 1840 inclusive; from official authority. In addition to these arrivals, which are from foreign and coastwise ports, there are about 1050 schooners, sloops, &c., employed in coasting inland, not included in the above, averaging about 75 tons, making 78,750 tons. These vessels are here probably every week during the season of navigation, and about 75 steamboats, which probably are here about every other day; tonnage, 30,760. MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES. QUALIFICATIONS OF A MERCHANT. The most important requisite for forming a merchant is, his having on all occasions a strict regard to truth, and his avoiding fraud and deceit as corroding cankers that must inevitably destroy his reputation and fortune. An accomplished merchant should be ac quainted with the following branches of mercantile learning, which are worthy of the serious attention of every one who has the prospect of being employed in commercial pursuits. He should be able to write properly and correctly; understand all the rules of arithmetic that have any relation to commerce; know how to keep books by double and single entry, as journal, leger, &c.; be expert in the forms of invoices, accounts of sales, policies of insurance, charter-parties, bills of lading, and bills of exchange; and know the agreement between the moneys, weights, and measures of all countries with which he has intercourse. If he deals in silk, woollen, linen, or hair manufactures, he ought to know the places where the different kinds of merchandises are manufactured, in what manner they are made, what are these materials of which they are composed, and from whence they come, the preparation of the materials before working up, and the places to which they are sent after their fabrication. He should know the lengths and breadths which silk, woollen, or hair-stuffs, linen, cottons, fustians, &c., ought to have according to the several statutes and regulations of the places where they are manufactured, with their different prices, according to the times and seasons; and if he can add to his knowledge the different dyes and ingredients which form the various colors, it will not be useless. If he confines his trade to that of oils, wines, cotton, sugar, coffee, &c., he should inform himself particularly of the appearance of the succeeding crops, in order to regulate his disposing of what he has on hand; and to learn as exactly as he can, what they have produced when got in, for his agent or director in making the necessary pur |