nearly all the development of the South has come from native population.

But notwithstanding the many difficulties, agriculture has developed rapidly in Tennessee and has never been in a more prosperous condition than it is today. The agricultural department of the state is very active, and the farmers of Tennessee are now giving serious attention and study to the most modern scientific principles of agriculture.

CHAPTER XXIX

GOVERNORS RYE AND ROBERTS

In 1914, Governor Hooper was nominated for a third time as governor. The regular Democrats, in convention in the same year, nominated Tom C. Rye

to oppose Governor Hooper. The regular Democrats in this convention adopted a strong prohibition and law-enforcement platform, taking the same position on the liquor question as that held by the Independent Democrats and the Republicans.

Many Independent Democrats took the position that the liquor question, which had separated the party, had been settled and gave their support to Mr. Rye. Other Independent Democrats doubting the sincerity of the Regular Democrats on the liquor question, supported Governor Hooper for the third term. Rye was elected by a majority of over 20,000.

SENATOR K. D. MCKELLAR

As chief executive, Governor Rye allied himself with the prohibition law-enforcement people, and used his influence to drive the illegal liquor traffic from the state. During his first administration, the Ouster Law was passed. Under this law, officials who fail to do their duty may be taken out of office very quickly by circuit judges or criminal judges or by judges of the chancery court.

Governor Rye's strong stand for prohibition and law-enforcement, welded the breach between Independent and Regular Democrats, and reunited the Democratic Party in Tennessee.

Governor Rye was reëlected in 1916 over John W. Overall, the Republican nominee, by over 27,000

majority. In the Democratic senatorial primary of the same year, K. D. McKellar won the nomination over Senator Luke Lea and ex-Governor Patterson, and defeated ex-Governor Hooper for the United States senate by a majority of over 24,000.

In 1918, a Democratic primary was held to nominate candidates for governor and United States senator. Judge A. H. Roberts was nominated for governor and Senator John K. Shields was again nominated for United States senator over Governor Tom C. Rye. The Republicans in this year nominated Judge H. B. Lindsey, of Knoxville, for governor and Colonel H. Clay Evans, of Chattanooga, for United States senator. Judge Roberts and Senator Shields were elected by majorities of 'over 28,000.

In his campaign for the office of governor, Judge Roberts made tax reform and economy in conducting the business of the state his chief issues. When he came into office, he found the financial condition of the state in a bad way and growing worse day by day. This unfortunate condition of affairs had been brought about chiefly by a failure on the part of the legislatures in the past to provide sufficient revenue to meet the growing expenses of the state. The result was that the state had been forced to go deeper in debt each year in order to get money to pay expenses. For a decade before Governor Roberts' administration, the expenses of the state each year had been greater than the income from taxes and other sources. For the years 1915, 1916,