appointed governor of New-Jersey, passed a quiet life, and his memory has been treated with merited respect.

In 1744, news of war with France and Spain being received, forces were raised to attack Nova-Scotia. Gov. Shirley projected an invasion of Louisbourgh, the Dunkirk of America. Its fortifications had employed French troops 25 years, and cost 30,000,000 livres. A majority of one in the general court voted for the expedition. The land forces were commanded by Col. William Peperell, of Kittery; the English squadron, by commodore Warren. The last of April, the following year, the troops, 3800 in number, landed at Chapeaurogue bay. The transports had been discovered early in the morning from the town, which was the first notice they had of the design. In the night of May 2, 400 men burned the warehouses containing the naval stores. The French were alarmed, spiked their guns, flung their powder into a well, and, abandoning the fort, fled to the city. The New-England troops cheerfully submitted to extreme hardships; for 14 nights successively, they were yoked together like oxen, dragging cannon and mortars through a morass of 2 miles. The commanding artillery of the enemy forbade this toil in the day. No people on earth, perhaps are more capable of such laborious and daring exploits, than the independent farmers of New-England. On the 17th of June, the garrison capitulated, but the flag of France was kept flying, which decoyed into the harbour, ships of the enemy, to the value of £600,000 sterling. The weather, during the siege, was fine, but the day following rains began, which continued 10 days, and must have proved fatal to the provincial troops, had not the capitulation prevented. The good people of New-England were deeply affected by this evident interposition of divine providence.

The next year, 1746, a French fleet sailed to pour de struction on New-England. Twenty men of war, 100

transports, 8000 veteran troops, made the country tremble. In their consternation, they were disappointed of a squadron of defence, from the mother country. God interposed. A mortal sickness spread through the fleet; a tempest scattered them; the commander, disappointed, and mortified, poisoned himself; his successor fell on his sword. Never was the hand of divine providence more visible; never was a disappointment more severe to the enemy; never a deliverance more complete without human aid, than this in favour of New-England.

As the distresses of war ceased, the people were alarmed, in 1749, with the report of an American episcopacy; but the design was not executed. Dr. Mayhew, of Boston, dis tinguished himself in this controversy. This year Benning Wentworth made a grant of Bennington, Vermont.

In 1754, a congress met in Albany, consisting of delegates from New-Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode-Island, Con necticut, New-York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland; but the plan of government they proposed was rejected, both in England and America. Had this instrument been accepted, the mind is lost in conjecturing what might have been the consequences. Perhaps the revolution of 1776 had been postponed a long period; perhaps the millions and millions of the human race, lately destroyed in Europe and Asia by the demon of revolutionary madness, might have long survived, to swell the tide of human felicity.

Preparations were made in 1755, to dislodge the French from Nova-Scotia. Col. Winslow raised 2000 men, but the command of the expedition was given to Col. Monkton. The French were subdued. The inhabitants had taken the oath of allegiance to the British crown, but were accused of furnishing support and intelligence to Indians and French, in annoying the colonies; some of them were in arms. It was determined to remove them; about 2000 souls were

accordingly transported to New-England. The cloud of their sorrows was never dispelled; in a land of strangers, most of them pined away and died. They were remarkable for the simplicity of their manners, the ardour of their piety, and the purity of their morals.

Gen. Braddock, with 2200 regular and provincial troops, marched this year for Fort Du Quesne, but fell into an ambuscade, and was fatally wounded; a panic seized his regu lar troops, but Col. Washington, his aid-de-camp, with his militia, covered their retreat, and saved the shattered army.

The 18th of November, this year, was a memorable day on account of the earthquake. The wooden spindle of the vane on Fanucil Hall was broken; and an iron one, which supported the vane on Springfield steeple, was bent to a right angle: stone walls were thrown down, and the tops of chimnies shaken off.

In 1758, Louisbourgh, Frontenac, and Fort Du Quesne, submitted to the English; a small compensation for more than 2000 men killed and wounded in the rash and unsuccessful attack upon Ticonderoga. Splendid were the victories of the year 1759. Niagara, Ticonderoga, Crown Point, and Quebec submitted to the English. At the taking of Quebec, Wolf, the British commander, after being wounded in the wrist, received a fatal ball in his breast. Leaning on the shoulder of a lieutenant, sinking in the agonies of death, he heard a cry, "they run" For a moment reviving, he asked, who ran? It was answered, "the French." He replied, "I thank God, I die happy," and expired. Montcalm, the French commander, and also the second in command, were killed. Quebec surrendered, and the whole province, was soon annexed to the British empire.

In 1762, Martinico, Grenada, St. Vincents, and Havanna submitted: English valour was triumphant in every quarter of the globe: peace followed.

CHAP. XXV.

Stamp Act; Dartmouth college founded; Lexington and Bunker Hill battles; Expedition to Canada; Boston evacuated; Ticonderoga taken; descent on Rhode-Island; Tryon's expedition to Connecticut; American academy incorporated; New-London burnt; Insurrection in Massachusetts; Federal Constitution; Colleges in Vermont and Maine.

It was now thought a proper time to tax America. The stamp act, which passed in 1765, roused New England. Every mean was used to inform the minds and kindle the patriotism of the people. Massachusetts made the proposal, and a congress assembled In Connecticut the people met; the stamp master resigned. The 1st of November, when the stamp act was to operate in Boston, the bells tolled, shops were shut, effigies of the royalists were carried about in derision, and torn in pieces. At Portsmouth, the bells tolled; a coffin was prepared; on the hd was inscribed, "Liberty, aged 145;" a procession moved with unbraced drums; minute guns were fired; an oration was delivered at the grave. At the close, the coffin was taken up, signs of life appeared in the corpse; "Liberty revived," was substituted; the bells struck a cheerful key; joy sparkled in every countenance. All was decency and order. Rhode-Island the day passed in a similar manner. In March, 1766, the obnoxious act was repealed; ships in the Thames displayed their colours; houses were illuminated through the city of London; the colonies rejoiced in their deliver

ance.

At

In 1769, Dartmouth College was established by a royal charter; the pious and laborious Dr. Eleazer Wheelock,

the founder, was appointed the first president, with power of appointing his successor. He removed Moor's Indian charity school from Lebanon, in Connecticut, to Hanover. in NewHampshire, where the college was established. A principal object with this good man was, to civilize and spread the gospel among the Indians of the country. Persevering were his exertions, and indefatigable his labours for the accomplishment of this benevolent and noble design. Considerable numbers were taught in the grammar school, and made some advance in collegiate studies; only one or two, however, obtained the honours of college. A number of schoolmasters and missionaries were sent to different tribes with some success; but the revolutionary war cut off supplies from England, and, for a time, interrupted the good work.

The college stands on a beautiful and elevated plain, half a mile east from Connecticut river. The place is very healthy, and the prospect commanding. About 80,000 acres of land constitute the permanent funds of the college. Their value is constantly increasing; their annual income is about 1600 dollars. This, with the tuition, amounts to about 8700 dollars. The number of undergraduates is generally about 150, and from 50 to 80 medical students. The students are under the immediate government and instruction of a president, a professor of divinity and moral philosophy, a professor of mathematics, and natural philos. ophy, of Hebrew and other languages, of chemistry and medicine, and 2 tutors. The college building is 150 feet by 50; 3 stories high. It has a good library and philosophical apparatus.

The same year that Dartmouth college was founded, 1769, the first commencement of Rhode-Island college was attended. It was incorporated in 1764, and was organized at Warren, where it continued till 1770. It was then removed to Providence, where a handsome brick building had