acerned have satisfactorily dem1 under simulated instrument nditions, their ability to accome ILS or PAR instrument aprocedures down to the proposed ns. pproval of lower minimums. sition from the lowest minimum ed using a radio range or comacility to lower minimums based se of ILS or PAR will be made in its of 100 feet ceiling and onetile visibility. Such reduction in ns will be based on satisfactory ration of ability by the air caritlined under subdivision (iii) of paragraph. Subsequent reducinimums will be based on satisoperation for a period of aptely six months, unless further ration in accordance with sub(iii) of this subparagraph or ctual instrument conditions is lecessary. west landing minimums. Where tment to the ceiling minimums ary for obstruction clearance as i in (a) of this subdivision, ninimums of 200-1⁄2 are the lowmums which will normally be I at the present time with all nts of the ILS or PAR in operaOwever, minimums lower than ay be authorized at specific lowhere the installation of imavigational aids and procedures nts. See subparagraph (8) of agraph regarding approaches nponents of the ILS are inoper justment of ceiling minimums ruction clearance. When the à obstruction clearance as den regulations of the Adminis509.10 of chapter II of this title e obtained in the approach area, tion will be given to establishg minimums which will afford ole safety. In such cases, the inimums will be determined by on of the following formula to uctions projecting above the ed obstruction clearance slope located, in the case of an ILS e, in the approach area between marker and the end of the runthe case of a PAR procedure, proach area within a distance iles, outward from the end of ay: tend a line horizontally outward top of each obstruction and parallel with the runway center line to a point of intersection with the established obstruction clearance slope line. From that point extend a line vertically to a point of intersection with the ILS or PAR glide slope. The minimum ceiling will be the difference between the mean sea level elevation of the glide slope at such point of intersection, and the mean sea level elevation of the airport. (2) Where minimum obstruction clearances cannot be met in the transitional and horizontal surfaces immediately adjacent to the approach area and when deemed necessary, consideration will be given to an adjustment in the ceiling minimums commensurate with the degree of interference presented by the particular obstruction or obstructions. (3) When application of the formula, set forth in (1) and (2) of this subdivision, to an obstruction projecting above the established obstruction clearance slope line indicates a ceiling of less than 300 feet, the ceiling will not be reduced below 300 feet until it has been determined by flight checks that such lower ceiling will provide adequate safety. (7) Lowest landing minimums utilizing back course of the ILS. When the back course of an ILS is provided with all components of a complete ILS, minimums of 200-2 may be authorized in accordance with subparagraph (6) (v) of this paragraph. (8) Instrument approach procedures with inoperative ILS components-(i) Straight-in approaches-one ILS component inoperative. The air carrier operations specifications permit straight-in ILS approaches down to minimums of 300-34 when any single component of the ILS, except the localizer, is inoperative or cannot be received; provided all other components and related airborne equipment are in normal operation. The following factors will be considered in approving landing minimums of 300-34 under these conditions: (a) When glide slope inoperative. Straight-in landing minimums of 300-34 may be approved when approaching aircraft can clear by 300 feet all obstructions from the approach end of the ILS runway to the outer marker within the approach area described in regulations of the Administrator § 609.10 (f) (1) (1) and (iii) of Chapter II of this title. The ceiling minimum may be approved to the nearest 100 feet as provided by subparagraph 11 below, if a flight check has shown such ceiling minimum to be safe. The final approach altitude over the outer marker will provide at least 500 feet obstruction clearance for a distance of at least 10 miles outward from the outer marker within an area of 5 miles on each side of the center line of the localizer course. (b) When both outer marker and outer compass locator inoperative. Straight-in landing minimums of 300-34 may be approved when there is no fix, other than the middle marker or middle compass locator, available along the localizer course. When an instrument approach is conducted under these conditions aircraft must, of necessity, proceed outbound along the localizer course from the middle marker for the purpose of conducting a procedure turn. In such cases 300-34 will be approved only when approaching aircraft can clear by 300 feet all obstructions from the approach end of the ILS runway to the point of glide slope interception within the approach area described in regulations of the Administrator § 609.10 (f) (1) (i) and (iii) of Chapter II of this title. The ceiling minimum may be approved to the nearest 110 feet as provided by subparagraph (11) of this paragraph, if a flight check has shown such ceiling minimum to be safe. The final approach altitude between the point the procedure turn is completed and the point of glide slope interception will be at least equal to the minimum altitude at glide slope interception inbound as specified in the applicable ILS instrument approach procedure. Straight-in landing minimums of 300-34 may also be predicated on the glide slope obstruction clearance criteria outlined in regulations of the Administrator § 609.10 (f) of Chapter II of this title: Provided, That in addition to the middle marker or middle compass locator, a fix can be obtained along the ILS localizer course within 7 miles from the approach end of the ILS runway by means of (1) surveillance radar, (2) a fan marker which provides the same degree of accuracy as an ILS outer marker installation, (3) a reliable fix as described in subparagraph (9) (i) of this paragraph, or (4) a radio facility which provides the same degree of accuracy as an ILS outer compass locator installation. (c) Use of ILS back course. The foregoing may also be applied to the back course of an ILS which is normal vided with all components of a c ILS. (ii) Straight-in approaches, than one ILS component inop The air carrier operations specif permit straight-in ILS Approach to minimums of 300-1 when the 1 and either the outer marker o compass locator are the only com of the ILS in normal operation, these are the only components t be received by the aircraft. Mi of 300-1 may be approved unde conditions when approaching can clear by 300 feet all obst from the approach end of the I way to the outer marker within proach area described in regula the Administrator § 609.10, (f) and (iii) of chapter II of this tit ceiling minimum may be appr the nearest 100 feet as provided paragraph (11) of this paragra flight check has shown such ceili mum to be safe. The final appr titude over the outer marker will at least 500 feet obstruction cl for a distance of at least 10 mi ward from the outer marker w area of 5 miles on each side of ter-line of the localizer cours foregoing may also be applied back courses equipped with ei outer marker or outer compass 1 (iii) Circling ILS approache ILS components inoperative. ILS landing minimums will b lished in accordance with subpa (1) of this paragraph, except feet obstruction clearance may vided from the approach end of runway to the outer marker wi approach area described in reg of the Administrator § 609.10 (f and (iii) of chapter II of this tit of the 2 mile distance each sid final approach course to the a specified in subparagraph (1) paragraph. The air carrier o specifications permit circling proaches to be conducted down minimums when the localizer a the outer marker or outer con cator are the only components i operation, or when these are components that can be receive aircraft. The final approach outer marker will provide at feet obstruction clearance for ce of at least 10 miles outward e outer marker within an area es on each side of the localizer The foregoing may also be to ILS back courses equipped her an outer marker or outer locator. istrument approach procedures S localizer-(i) General. Ceilvisibility minimums for instruproach procedures predicated on use of the localizer course of an her front or back course) and eliable fix located on the ILS course, will normally be estabaccordance with subparagraph chis paragraph for circling ap5, and subparagraph (2) of this ph for straight-in approaches. strument approach procedures mally not be established when the is located at a distance greater en miles from the airport. The on clearance will be determined he approach area described in ons of the Administrator § 609.10 (i) and (iii) of Chapter II of . For the purpose of this suboh, a reliable fix is considered to formed by the intersection of izer course and a bearing from facility located within twenty5 of the fix and such bearing inthe localizer course at an angle st forty-five degrees. wer minimums using additional ved aids. Straight-in approach ms as low as 300-1 may be auon an ILS front course or back hen the fix located on the localse within 7 miles of the ILS runE) a fan marker which provides e degree of accuracy as an ILS rker installation, (b) a radio faich provides the same degree of as an ILS outer compass locator on, or (c) surveillance radar. ffect of distance between radio and airport on landing minii) Using a radio range (L/MF or non-directional L/MF radio (a) For both circling and in instrument approach procee following minimums may be ed after consideration of the on clearance requirements of of the regulations of the Adcor, Chapter II of this title, when the radio facility is located at distances greater than seven miles from the airport: (1) Over 7 to 10 miles; Straight-in, 500-1 day, 500-2 night; circling,1 500-11⁄2 day, 500-2 night. (2) Over 10 to 12 miles; Straight-in, 700-1 day, 700-2 night; circling,1 700-11⁄2 day, 7002 night. (3) Over 12 miles: Straight-in 1000-1 day, 1000-2 night; circling,1 1000-11⁄2 day, 1000-2 graph. When a radio facility is over 7 miles from an airport, straight-in landing ceiling minimums will not be lower than the circling landing ceiling minimums established at the particular airport. (11) Application of obstruction clearance criteria in determining landing ceiling minimums. Unless safety requires otherwise, landing and ceiling minimums for instrument approaches using a radio range (L/MF or VOR) or a nondirectional L/MF radio facility will be shown on the applicable instrument approach procedure form to the nearest 100 feet. For example, for an airport with an elevation of 200 feet m. s. 1. and assuming a 300-foot obstruction clearance requirement with a controlling obstruction of 449 feet m. s. 1., a ceiling minimum of 500 feet would normally be considered as meeting the obstruction clearance requirements outlined in subparagraphs (1) through (5) of this paragraph. On the other hand, if such obstruction were 450 feet m. s. 1., a ceiling minimum of 600 feet would normally apply. In cases where the ILS obstruction clearance criteria cannot be met, the ceiling arrived at by application of the formula contained in subparagraph (6) (v) (a) of this paragraph will normally be shown to the nearest 100 feet; except that a flight check is required where application of the formula indicates a ceiling of less than 300 feet. (d) Airports not served by a radio navigational facility. Take-off and landing minimums at such airports will be approved in accordance with VFR. [Supp. 1, 18 F. R. 6620, Oct. 17, 1953, as amended by Supp. 18, 20 F. R. 8809, Dec. 1, 1955; Supp. 22, 21 F.R. 2971, May 4, 1956; Supp. 31, 23 F.R. 2097, Mar. 29, 1958] 1 Visibility minimums for two-engine aircraft may be established in accordance with subparagraph (1) (1) or (ii) of this paragraph. shown such ceiling minimum to be safe. The final approach altitude over the outer marker will provide at least 500 feet obstruction clearance for a distance of at least 10 miles outward from the outer marker within an area of 5 miles on each side of the center line of the localizer course. (b) When both outer marker and outer compass locator inoperative. Straight-in landing minimums of 300-34 may be approved when there is no fix, other than the middle marker or middle compass locator, available along the localizer course. When an instrument approach is conducted under these conditions aircraft must, of necessity, proceed outbound along the localizer course from the middle marker for the purpose of conducting a procedure turn. In such cases 300-34 will be approved only when approaching aircraft can clear by 300 feet all obstructions from the approach end of the ILS runway to the point of glide slope interception within the approach area described in regulations of the Administrator § 609.10 (f) (1) (1) and (iii) of Chapter II of this title. The ceiling minimum may be approved to the nearest 110 feet as provided by subparagraph (11) of this paragraph, if a flight check has shown such ceiling minimum to be safe. The final approach altitude between the point the procedure turn is completed and the point of glide slope interception will be at least equal to the minimum altitude at glide slope interception inbound as specified in the applicable ILS instrument approach procedure. Straight-in landing minimums of 300-34 may also be predicated on the glide slope obstruction clearance criteria outlined in regulations of the Administrator § 609.10 (f) of Chapter II of this title: Provided, That in addition to the middle marker or middle compass locator, a fix can be obtained along the ILS localizer course within 7 miles from the approach end of the ILS runway by means of (1) surveillance radar, (2) a fan marker which provides the same degree of accuracy as an ILS outer marker installation, (3) a reliable fix as described in subparagraph (9) (i) of this paragraph, or (4) a radio facility which provides the same degree of accuracy as an ILS outer compass locator installation. (c) Use of ILS back course. The foregoing may also be applied to the back course of an ILS which is norm vided with all components of a ILS. (11) Straight-in approache than one ILS component in The air carrier operations spe permit straight-in ILS Approac to minimums of 300-1 when the and either the outer marker compass locator are the only co of the ILS in normal operation these are the only components be received by the aircraft. A of 300-1 may be approved un conditions when approaching can clear by 300 feet all ob from the approach end of the way to the outer marker withi proach area described in regu the Administrator § 609.10, (f and (iii) of chapter II of this t ceiling minimum may be ap the nearest 100 feet as provide paragraph (11) of this parag flight check has shown such cei mum to be safe. The final ap titude over the outer marker wi at least 500 feet obstruction for a distance of at least 10 I ward from the outer marker' area of 5 miles on each side of ter-line of the localizer cou foregoing may also be applie back courses equipped with outer marker or outer compass (iii) Circling ILS approac ILS components inoperative. ILS landing minimums will lished in accordance with subţ (1) of this paragraph, except feet obstruction clearance ma vided from the approach end ( runway to the outer marker v approach area described in r of the Administrator § 609.10 ( and (iii) of chapter II of this ti of the 2 mile distance each si final approach course to the specified in subparagraph (1 paragraph. The air carrier ( specifications permit circling proaches to be conducted dow minimums when the localizer : the outer marker or outer co cator are the only components operation, or when these are components that can be recei aircraft. The final approac outer marker will provide at feet obstruction clearance for ce of at least 10 miles outward e outer marker within an area es on each side of the localizer The foregoing may also be to ILS back courses equipped her an outer marker or outer locator. istrument approach procedures S localizer—(i) General. Ceilvisibility minimums for instruproach procedures predicated on use of the localizer course of an her front or back course) and eliable fix located on the ILS course, will normally be estabaccordance with subparagraph his paragraph for circling ap3, and subparagraph (2) of this ph for straight-in approaches. strument approach procedures nally not be established when the is located at a distance greater en miles from the airport. The ion clearance will be determined he approach area described in ons of the Administrator § 609.10 (i) and (iii) of Chapter II of . For the purpose of this sub>h, a reliable fix is considered to formed by the intersection of lizer course and a bearing from facility located within twentys of the fix and such bearing inthe localizer course at an angle st forty-five degrees. wer minimums using additional ved aids. Straight-in approach ns as low as 300-1 may be auon an ILS front course or back hen the fix located on the localse within 7 miles of the ILS run1) a fan marker which provides e degree of accuracy as an ILS rker installation, (b) a radio faich provides the same degree of as an ILS outer compass locator on, or (c) surveillance radar. ffect of distance between radio and airport on landing minii) Using a radio range (L/MF or non-directional L/MF radio (a) For both circling and in instrument approach procee following minimums may be ed after consideration of the on clearance requirements of of the regulations of the Ador, Chapter II of this title, when the radio facility is located at distances greater than seven miles from the airport: (1) Over 7 to 10 miles; Straight-in, 500-1 day, 500-2 night; circling,1 500-11⁄2 day, 500-2 night. (2) Over 10 to 12 miles; Straight-in, 700-1 day, 700-2 night; circling,1 700-11⁄2 day, 700– 2 night. (3) Over 12 miles: Straight-in 1000-1 day, 1000-2 night; circling,1 1000-11⁄2 day, 1000-2 graph. When a radio facility is over 7 miles from an airport, straight-in landing ceiling minimums will not be lower than the circling landing ceiling minimums established at the particular airport. (11) Application of obstruction clearance criteria in determining landing ceiling minimums. Unless safety requires otherwise, landing and ceiling minimums for instrument approaches using a radio range (L/MF or VOR) or a nondirectional L/MF radio facility will be shown on the applicable instrument approach procedure form to the nearest 100 feet. For example, for an airport with an elevation of 200 feet m. s. 1. and assuming a 300-foot obstruction clearance requirement with a controlling obstruction of 449 feet m. s. 1., a ceiling minimum of 500 feet would normally be considered as meeting the obstruction clearance requirements outlined in subparagraphs (1) through (5) of this paragraph. On the other hand, if such obstruction were 450 feet m. s. 1., a ceiling minimum of 600 feet would normally apply. In cases where the ILS obstruction clearance criteria cannot be met, the ceiling arrived at by application of the formula contained in subparagraph (6) (v) (a) of this paragraph will normally be shown to the nearest 100 feet; except that a flight check is required where application of the formula indicates a ceiling of less than 300 feet. (d) Airports not served by a radio navigational facility. Take-off and landing minimums at such airports will be approved in accordance with VFR. [Supp. 1, 18 F. R. 6620, Oct. 17, 1953, as amended by Supp. 18, 20 F. R. 8809, Dec. 1, 1955; Supp. 22, 21 F.R. 2971, May 4, 1956; Supp. 31, 23 F.R. 2097, Mar. 29, 1958] 1 Visibility minimums for two-engine aircraft may be established in accordance with subparagraph (1) (1) or (ii) of this paragraph. |