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A New School Atlas of Modern History, by Professor Ramsay Muir of the University of Liverpool (New York, Holt, 1911, pp. xxiv, 48 plates) surpasses any other school atlas of historical geography we remember to have seen in the extent to which it manages, without obscuring any culture-details, to present along with them the physical features of the lands depicted. Besides 48 excellent photolithographic plates, containing 120 colored maps, there is a fair amount of letterpress, in which 29 zinc-engraved maps, chiefly of battles, are imbedded. America has four of the large plates, correct in almost all essentials. Great Britain is most fully treated. A larger edition, with more maps and index, is being prepared for the use of more advanced pupils.

A Catalogue of the Collection of Historical Material, New England History Teachers' Association, has been prepared by the committee upon historical material, Professor Arthur I. Andrews chairman, assisted by the senior class in library science of Simmons College, and issued in a pamphlet of 37 pages. The catalogue is also printed in the issues of the History Teachers' Magazine for April and May.

The History Teachers' Magazine for May contains a full statement of history courses in the summer schools of American universities and colleges this season.

Professor John Nichol, late of the University of Glasgow, has issued a fifth, revised edition of his Tables of European History, Literature, and Art, A. D. 200–1909, and of American History, Literature, and Art.

Moffat, Yard and Company, of New York, have published a translation of Max Nordau's recent book, under the title The Interpretation of History. The translator is M. A. Hamilton.

The management of the Vierteljahrschrift für Social- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte has issued as an appendix to IX. 1, 2, a Bibliographie der Social- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte für 1910, Juli-September.

The Columbia University Press will shortly publish Social Evolution and Political Theory, by Leonard T. Hobhouse.

The Revue du Mois of April 10 contains an interesting discussion by Charles Salamon and Gustave Lanson of "la Méthode en Histoire Littéraire ".

Professor James G. Frazer of Liverpool, in his Totemism and Exogamy (London and New York, Macmillan, four volumes, 1910) makes almost as notable a contribution to the interpretation of early superstition and the understanding of early society as was made twenty years ago by his publication of The Golden Bough.

The American Economic Review, the new quarterly journal of the American Economic Association, edited by Professor Davis R. Dewey, made its beginning with the number for March, 1911. More comprehensive in its plan than any preceding American economic journal, and prepared with unusual completeness and finish, it will, we are sure, commend itself as useful in many ways to historical workers.

In an article in Science for April 14, 1911, Dr. Frede A. Woods continues his studies in "historiometry", to use the c venient term coined by him. He studies degrees of eminence as measured by the attention paid to particular persons in compendious works of biography and criticism, and by tabulation of the adjectives employed in such articles. He urges also that the space method and the adjective method can be applied to the estimation of some historical events.

The Bulletin of the New York Public Library for April contains an extensive list of books relating to Muhammadanism.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: E. Levasseur, La Place de l'Histoire des Faits Economiques (Revue Internationale de l'Enseignement, LXI. 2); J. Kaerst, Studien zur Entwickelung und Bedeutung der Universalgeschichtlichen Anschauung, I. (Historische Zeitschrift, CVI. 3).

ANCIENT HISTORY

The Scribners have brought out Biblical Geography and History, by Professor Charles Foster Kent of Yale.

In his Palestine and its Transformation (Houghton Mifflin Company) Mr. Ellsworth Huntington aims in particular to show the influence which geography and climatic conditions had in the development of Jewish social characteristics and consequently in preparing the way for the teachings of Christ.

Under the inspiration of Professor Ulrich Wilcken of Leipzig his pupil Dr. Kurt Fitzler has published a study of the mines and quarries. of Egypt under the Ptolemies and the Roman Empire. The monograph of 158 pages includes a thorough discussion of all the types of stone and metal quarried in Egypt; the method of lease employed by the government, which is similar to that used in the case of the dams and waterrights; the labor employed; the official bureau concerned in the management of the mines; and the methods of transport of the ores and stone. There is also a short digression upon the leasing of water-rights for irrigation. The study is called Steinbrüche und Bergwerke im Ptolemäischen und Römischen Aegypten, and appears in the Leipziger Historische Abhandlungen, published by Quelle and Meyer (Leipzig, 1910).

Fascicule 44 of the Dictionnaire des Antiquités Grecques et Romaines, published by Hachette and edited by MM. Saglio and Pottier (t. IV., pt. 2, pp. 1297–1456), goes from Sibyllae" to " Sporta ", and is accompanied by a "table méthodique provisoire" for the letters A to O.

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The International Law and Custom of Ancient Greece and Rome, in two volumes, by Coleman Phillipson, of the Inner Temple, bears the imprint of Macmillan.

Dr. Barclay V. Head's Historia Numorum, the standard manual of Greek numismatics, published in 1887, has now been brought out in a new and much enlarged edition taking account of the progress of the last twenty-four years in that study.

The inter ng excavations carried on at Sparta in 1909, by the British School at Athens, are described in detail (pp. 157) in the Annual of the School, XV., with many figures.

The Cambridge University Press has published in the "Cambridge Archaeological and Ethnological Series" a study by F. W. Hasluck, fellow of King's College, Cambridge, entitled, Cyzicus: Being some Account of the History and Antiquities of that City, and of the District adjacent to it, with the Towns of Apollonia, etc. The author proceeds on the basis not only of the sources but of a careful examination of the territory, and aims to describe alike the ancient and the modern conditions. Cyzicus and Cyzicene institutions are dealt with in more detail, largely from the inscriptions.

The Oxford Press announces Essays on Roman History, by the late Professor H. F. Pelham, collected and edited by F. Haverfield.

Otto Petters, Heidelberg, has issued part XXXIII. of Der obergermanischrätische Limes des Römerreiches; it is devoted to the camp of Stockstadt.

Frowde, London, publishes The Imperial Administrative System in the Ninth Century, with a revised Text of the Kletotologion of Philotheos, by J. B. Bury. The publication is no. 1 of The British Academy Supplemental Papers.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: E. Cavaignac, Les Classes Soloniennes et la Répartition de la Richesse à Athenes (Vierteljahrschrift für Social- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, IX. 12); P. Wendland, Beiträge zu Athenischer Politik und Publizistik des vierten Jahrhunderts, II. Isokrates und Demosthenes (Nachrichten von der K. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, phil.-hist. Kl., 1910, 4); G. Bloch, La Plèbe Romaine, II. (Revue Historique, May-June); Guglielmo Ferrero, The Women of the Caesars: Introductory, Woman and Marriage in Ancient Rome (Century, May); Otto Th. Schulz, Ueber die wirtschaftlichen und politischen Verhältnisse bei den Germanen zur Zeit des C. Julius Caesar (Klio, XI. 1).

EARLY CHURCH HISTORY

The Bollandist fathers have now brought out the third November volume of the Acta Sanctorum (Brussels, 1910, pp. vii, 1000), dealing with the saints of November 5, 6, 7, and 8. The second volume appeared in 1894.

The Manuel d'Archéologie Chrétienne depuis les Origines jusqu'au VIIIe Siècle, prepared by Dom H. Leclercq of Farnborough Abbey and published in Paris by Letouzey and Ané (two volumes, pp. 600, 670) with many excellent illustrations, is an authoritative survey, beginning with the study of Jewish, Mithraic, and classical influences on early Christian art, and setting forth with scholarly text and abundant references the development of Christian architecture, painting, sculpture, and minor arts.

By the combination of good psychology with good exegesis, M. Émile Lombard, in a treatise De la Glossolalie chez les premiers Chrétiens et des Phénomènes Similaires (Lausanne, Bridel, 1910, pp. xii, 254), places these striking phenomena of the apostolic age in their proper setting of comparison and explanation.

The Origin and Development of the Christian Church in Gaul during the First Six Centuries of the Christian Era (New York, Macmillan), by Canon T. Scott Holmes, D.D., is the Birkbeck lectures for 1907 and 1908 in Trinity College, Cambridge. The narrative is brought down to the conversion of the Franks and the work aims to subject the legends of the period of evangelization to exhaustive criticism.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: E. de Faye, De la Formation d'une Doctrine Chrétienne de Dieu au IIe Siècle (Revue de l'Histoire des Religions, January-February).

MEDIEVAL HISTORY

A society has been formed recently at Paris for the photographic reproduction of the most important medieval manuscripts, especially those noteworthy for pictorial adornment. The first undertaking will be the entire reproduction of a Bible Moralisée of the thirteenth century, adorned with 5000 medallions of scenes from the Scriptures.

The Macmillan Company has recently published A History of Education during the Middle Ages and the Transition to Modern Times, by Frank Pierrepont Graves of Ohio State University. It is a continuation of the author's History of Education before the Middle Ages.

Chatto and Windus have published in the series "The King's Classics", edited by Professor I. Gollancz, The English Correspondence of Saint Boniface, containing the letters exchanged between the Apostle of the Germans and his English friends, translated and edited by Edward Kyrlie.

Heft 22 of the Leipziger Historische Abhandlungen is Dr. Walther Müller's Zur Frage des Ursprungs der mittelalterlichen Zünfte: Eine wirtschafts- und verfassungsgeschichtliche Untersuchung (Leipzig, Quelle and Meyer, 1911, pp. 92). The essay is the author's doctoral dissertation at the University of Leipzig, the investigation being pursued under the direction of Professors Seeliger and Doren. It aims to throw light on the origins not only of the Zünfte but of the medieval Stadtverfassung, especially with reference to the relations of these developments to medieval Grundherrschaft.

Recent additions to the Medieval Town Series (London, J. M. Dent and Sons) are Lucca by Janet Ross, and Avignon by Thomas Okey. Heft 152 of Schmoller and Sering's Staats- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschungen (Leipzig, Duncker and Humblot, 1910, pp. ix, 236) is Der Geldhandel der deutschen Juden während des Mittelalters bis zum

Jahre 1350, by Moses Hoffmann. It seems to be of unusual interest from the fact that it represents the first adequate effort to utilize on this subject material in the Hebrew tongue. Of interest also in this field is the recent publication of W. Sombart, Die Juden und das Wirtschaftsleben (Leipzig, Duncker and Humblot, 1911).

Dr. Peter Wolff's dissertation on Der Briefsteller des Thymo von Erfurt und seine Ableitungen (Bonn, 1911) contains not only a careful analysis of the unpublished formulary of Thymo but an investigation of. other related collections of the fourteenth century. Dr. Wolff makes much freer use of manuscript material than is usual in German doctoral dissertations.

Noteworthy articles in periodicals: P. Allard, Les Origines du Servage, II. (Revue des Questions Historiques, April); S. Rietschel, Die Münzrechnung der Lex Salica (Vierteljahrschrift für Social- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, IX. 12); G. Falco, I Preliminari della Pace di S. Germano, Novembre 1229-Luglio 1230 (Archivio della R. Società Romana di Storia Patria, XXXIII. 3-4); F. Van Ortroy, Pierre Ferrand O. P. et les premiers Biographes de S. Dominique (Analecta Bollandiana, XXX. 1).

MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY

Mgr. N. Paulus has gathered together in a volume, Hexenwahn und Hexenprozess vornehmlich im 16. Jahrhundert (Freiburg i. B., Herder, 1910, pp. 283) a number of interesting and solid studies in the history of witchcraft. One is devoted to Geiler of Kaisersberg, several to the ideas and conduct in respect to sorcery of Luther and the Lutherans, Zwinglians, and Calvinists, one to the supposed pre-eminence of woman in witchcraft, two to the history of witchcraft in the milder atmosphere of Rome.

Mr. B. J. Kidd's Documents Illustrative of the Continental Reformation (Oxford University Press, 1911, pp. 764) is a collection of a sort to be welcomed by many teachers.

Father Pierre Suau's Histoire de S. François de Borgia (Paris, Beauchesne, 1910, pp. 592) takes rank immediately as the chief life of the third general of the Jesuits.

Students of the history of the Council of Trent will be grateful for volume XVIII., fasc. 5, of the Nouvelles Archives des Missions Scientifiques (pp. 364), in which M. G. Constant studies and lists the documents in the Vienna Staatsarchiv and in the archives of Simancas concerning the diplomatic history of the Council under Pius IV., and especially its relations with France.

Heft 25 of the Abhandlungen zur mittleren und neueren Geschichte (G. v. Below, H. Finke, F. Meinecke) is Dr. A. F. Raif's Die Urteil der Deutschen über die Französische Nationalität im Zeitalter der Revolution und der deutschen Erhebung (pp. vii, 150).

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