indebted to the arrival at this port, (New-York, July captain Biddle is silent as to his being wounded.

3,) of the United States' brig Tom-Bowline, captain Carleton from a cruise in the Paci ficocean.

The editor of the Democratic Press says "We have seen a letter from admiral Tyler to captain The Tom Bowline sailed from this port on the Dickenson of the Penguin, dated "Capetown, Janua13th January, in co. with the late U. S. frigate ry 31, 1815," from which we learn that the Penguin President, and sloops of war Hornet and Peacock, was fitted out to fight and capture the United States' and private armed merchant brig Macedonian, and ship Wasp and to enable her so to do, along with parted company with the Hornet on the third day much good and cautious advice, the admiral sends out, and did not fall in with her again until the "twelve marines from the Medway to keep a con24th March, off the Island of Tristian d'Cunha. stant fire on her [the Wasp's] tops." Our readers When they first made her she had in company the know that the Hornet is much lighter and much older British sloop of war Penguin, her prize, and appre-than the Wasp, yet the Hornet soon stung the poor hending the Peacock and Tom Bowline were British Penguin to death." cruisers, she scuttled her. The following are the particulars of the action, furnished by lieutenant Mediterranean squadron-Com. Bainbridge's squa~~ Brownlow, of the marines, belonging to the Hornet, dron consisting of the Independence 74, sloop of who has in charge the colors of the Penguin and war Erie 18, brig Chippewa 16, and schooner Lynx despatches for government. On the 23d of March, 5, have sailed for the Mediterranean. off the Island of Tristian de Cunha, the Hornet,

Latest from England.-We have London dates of captain Biddle, rated 18 and mounting 20 guns, May 15. The matter of chief importance mentioned (eighteen 32 pound carronades and two long 12's) is, that Murat, on the 21st of April, desired an fell in with his majesty's sloop of war Penguin, armistice with the Austrian general, which the latter rated 18 and mounting 21 guns, (eighteen 32 pound refused. The papers also speak of disturbances in carronades, two long 12's, one 12 lb. carronade on France and desertions from Bonaparte. the forecastle, and two brass swivels in her tops) with a crew of 158 men, and after an action of twenty-two minutes, succeeded in capturing her, with the loss on board the Hornet of only one man killed and eleven wounded. The loss on board the Penguin was seventeen killed, including the captain and boatswain, and twenty-eight wounded.

Paper Currency.

A writer in the Boston Daily Advertiser says "A paper currency has always been a favorite measure with desperate adventurers and insolvent merchants."

If this be true, it follows-that as Great Britain has more paper in circulation than the entire amounts of all the rest of the world, she must, in the same ratio, abound with "desperate adventurers and in solvent merchants.”

Lieut. Brownlow informs, that about a minute after the Penguin struck to the Hornet, and the action had ceased, a shot was fired from the Penguin, which wounded captain Biddle severely in the neck, but from which wound he was fast recovering. The Penguin was much shattered, having 33 round shot in her hull, her foremast shot away four feet above The VIIIth, or present, volume of the WEEKLY deck, and bowsprit close to the night heads. The REGISTER will be concluded with the next month; Hornet came off with the loss of her spanker-boon, and it may be well to remind our readers that a carried away by a round shot, and several grape in SUPPLEMENT for it will immediately thereafter be her hull. During the engagement, lieut. Conner of ready for delivery, at the extra charge of one dollar, the Hornet was wounded in the hand and through to those who desire it, and pay for it and the REthe thigh, and in that situation remained on deck till GISTER the year in advance. Which latter is confithe battle was over, peremptorily refusing to be car-iently expected of every friend of the work. ried below. The day after the action, the Tom- The supplement, as heretofore stated, will consist Bowline, in co. with the Peacock, fell in with the of twelve sheets, printed on the type commonly used Hornet, and then put into the island of Tristian for the Register, which will get in as much matter de Cunha, on the Brazils, where they remained 20 as in ordinary book form sells for three dollars. It days, and then made a cartel of the Tom Bowline, will contain all the interesting articles, on Amerìand sent her with the prisoners to St. Salvador, can affairs, that appeared in COBBETT's paper during where they were landed. Before the Tom Bowline the war, which have not already been inserted in the left Tristian de Cunha, captain Biddle had nearly body of this work, and also many neglected docurecovered from his wounds so as to be considered ments and facts, &c. Only 1500 copies of this supout of danger. The Hornet spoke a neutral vessel plement are printing, in the whole, of which at least two or three days before the action, who informed of 500 are already engaged. It is expected that no the peace, but captain Biddle did not believe it.-agent will send in the name of any gentleman for The Tom Bowline did not hear of the peace until she the supplement who is in arrears for the REGISTER. arrived at St. Salvador. The brig Macedonian,It is among the "niseries of life" to which the ediwhich sailed from this port in co. with the Tom tors of perio.tical works are subject more than any Bowline, touched at Tristian de Cunha, and then other persons in the world, to feel that many, when proceeded on her voyage to the East Indies. Left they pay, seem to apprehend it rather as a compli at Salvador, the private armed brig True-Blooded ment than an act of justice, for value received. Such Yankee, bound to the Isle of France; and the priva- patrons are like mill-stones round the neck of teer Blakely, Williams, of Boston, bound to Ha-industry. vinna. Spoke on the 26th, in lat. 36, long. 69, brig Trumbull, Hardy, from Bath, for Matanzies.

A report was afloat that Cobbett had been purchased to silence by the British government-proThe Tom Bowline brought home upwards of 100 bably because he lately had said but little on Ameof the crews of the True-Blooded Yankee and the rican affairs, and because such things are as things Blakely. of course in England. But we have an article from [We have received only, as yet, the following ad- his REGISTER of May 13, addressed to the Earl of ditional particulars respecting the Hornet, &c. All Liverpool "on the part which America is likely to our brave fellows wounded were doing well. The take in the war between England and Frace," in Hornet's trifling damages were immediately repair-which he advises his lordship with his usual acumen el, and she is proceeding on her cruise. A letter from to let the Americans alone.

No 20. OF VOL. VIII.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, JULY 15, 1815.

[WHOLE O. 202.

Hæc olim meminisse juvabnt.—VIRGIL

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, NO. 29, south caLVERT-STREET, AT $5 PER ANNUM:

thee, except in the horrors of misfortune. Tre are American Naval Chronicle. none but those unworthy your esteem who could do The public will be much gratified to learn that such violence to your character. Happily history, Mr. M. Thomas, of Philadelphia, proprietor of the the everlasting monument of shame and glory, offers ANALECTIC MAGAZINE, proposes to add to that ably us better examples; and more appropriate to your conducted and elegant work, an AMERICAN NA-generous sensibility, and more proper to speak in VAL CHRONICLE-which, from the prospectusvor of your incorruptible justice. No, there exists offered us, appears entirely calculated to meet the not a virtuous woman, capable of abandoning her wishes of every friend of this distinguished part of unsband, pressed down by misfortune. Is it probable, the nation's force. And, though I know nothing then, that Maria Louisă could abandon a hero, the more of the matter than is stated in the advertise father of her son? No! At least it is a thing I never ment, I have an idea of the person who is to conduct can believe." The writer then adduces several illustrious in this department. He is a gentleman, a scholar and a patriot-and will not want opportunity to obtain, stances of the attachment and adherence of women from the most respectable sources, any information to their husbands, especially of a queen of Sparta, proper to be communicated. The price of the Anaand demands-"Why then suppose that the empress lectic Magazine will be increased one dollar on ac-Maria Louisa, a Christian, should have less virtue count of this interesting addition to it, than this Pagan queen."

In the proposed publication, several much respect- We do not believe that Maria Louisa, of her own ed friends of the editor of the WEEKLY REGISTER, accord, separated herself from her husband and the some of them in the navy), will see a favorite ob-father of her child. Every thing we have seen and ject about to be accomplished in a superior style heard leads to the belief that she was very fond of and more excellent manner than could have been ex-Nupolem, and that he was exceedingly attached to pected of his talents or leisure, if he had yielded to their entreaties of attempting the work.

"Legitimate" Morals.

MARIA LOUISA.-From the Boston Patriot. "In politics we are permitted to have different opinions from our neighbors, since from this clashing of opi nions truth might result in all its clearness and purity; but in morality, there is only one rule, and it cannot be violated without shaking the very foundation of civil order.

What can be more injurious to society, than the insertion in the public papers, of the supposed letter of the ex-empress MARIA LOUISA? What! a woman who has taken of the prosperity of her husband, to abandon him in his misfortunes, without remorse? I doubt if such principles would be tolerated among demons, but it is really astonishing they should be advanced among civilized men. Ŏ woman! tender and affectionate, we know not how to appreciate

We presume the following, from the Hamburg Correspondent, is the article alluded to in the Boston Patriot.

her. She possessed his confidence in an extraor dinary degree, and probably deserved it—at least, we have no evidence to the contrary. If then, as a wife and mother she had freely abandoned him be. cause he was unfortunate, all the world would look upon her as a mere prostitute to his successes. I do not believe that she did.

But the fact is, that the rule of Conduct for the honest part of society will never govern the "legiti mates." Their matrimonial connections are no better, in general, than the coupling of any particulat species of ammals to preserve the breed; nor are their If an individual in the United morals to guide us. States were to cherish in his family the well-known murderers of his father, we should not call him the "magnanimous," and strain our lungs with shouting hosannahs to his virtues. If a man were, immediately after his marriage, to desert his wife, and appear with "common-sewer women in the streets, in the most indelicate situations that can be imagined; to have FAME and DEPUTE in every brothel and gamb. ling house of his vicinity, and be carried hrome drunk from three to six times a week, we should not choose him for the "patron of a BIBLE Society." If his brother, having also a wife, were to connect himself with a woman like Mrs. Clark; to be guided by her in the selection of priests for the altar or officers of the army, &c. &c. &c. we should hardly select him for a companion and hold him up as an example of "My wishes rejected the hand of Bonaparte. As virtuous dignity. If another brother, unmarried, a a dutiful daughter I yielded to the entreaties of a beastly drunkard, were to take up with the most beloved father, and sacrificed myself for my country.notorious prostitute that lives in the precincts of any When I arrived in France, amidst such dazzling of our great cities, and live with her, as his mistress, prospects, the amiable manners of the French, rep-rue, with our wives and daughters, would not partake dered me perhaps too indulgent to the inconsistency of feasts, she doing the honors of the table." We and unsteadiness of their character. I thought might thus go on through the whole catalogue of hal studied the nation. I abandoned NAPOLEON in his adversity, and I called to the throne the prince whom it had proscribed. Ah! Napoleon returns to France, and the people forsake their king. What a base and faithless nation! Never will I return to it, and if I had not a son to whom I have consigned my existence, I would shut myself up in a convent for the rest of my days." YOL. VIII.

The empress or rather archduchess Manta Louisa, has published a letter written to count CERATTE, go vernor of Parma, of which the following is a faithful extract

the "legitimates" and their reported sons and daugh ters; but these are sufficient. The misfortune is that many, very many in the United States, that would esteem individuals as the greatest rascals ever created, and treat them so, for certain proceedings, would feel themselves honored to become a party to these self-same acts if done by princes. I cannot believe but that any of those, whether of the V

priesthood or laity of our country, who rejoiced so great commercial town of Boston" for the same period much at the "restoration of legitimate sovereigns"-to ascertain what that place, with the circle of in Europe, would decline an invitation' to dinner country that it naturally commands the trade of, from the duke of Clarence, because Mrs. Jordan has added to the commercial capital of the nation, as might be called on to preside at the table; and truly resting upon its productions. deny hamsaves the honor of feasting with the fool of Spain, whose hands are red with the blood of

In these few articles, which, as far as they go, are bases of commerce, we have a wholesale value of $1,328,711-and in the three months stated we have probably exported the value of $1,500,000 in tobacco, with an immense quantity of other things, the product of the rich countries back of Baltimore, or on the waters for which this city is, as it were, the natural market. We should be pleased to see a similar exposition of the trade of the "immensely quoted.

And if, from the similarity of the language and that to your former letter of the 13th March last their lordships did not authorize us to return an an- manners, some American seamen have been impress swer, because it referred to subjects which it is be-ed into his majesty's service, the blame is imputayond your competency, in the character of agent ble to those who have permitted the official docufor prisoners of war, to discuss, and because, easy as ments of citizenship to be so prostituted as to be at it would have been to have completely answered the misconceptions and mis-statements of that letter, it seemed unnecessary to proceed with a correspon dence which could conduce to no practical effect. On the subject of your late application, we are to repeat to you that neither before the war, nor since, has this country been desirous of retaining in its service any bona fide American citizens, but that the grant and undeniable abuses of the official documents of American citizenship (to say nothing of the question of naturalizing British subjects) have obliged their lordships to look at all such documents with the utmost distrust.*

ful error.

The following from a Philadelphia paper puts this matter, and the English. law in the case, in a very clear point of view. We recommend the judge's decision to the serious reflection of our readers? Sir William Scott's Judgment as to Foreign Seamer. The publication of the following decision of the great English civilian, Sir WILLIAM SCOTT, we deem We had particularly appropriate at this moment. hoped that the splendid progress and issue of the recent war, had put a period to the aggressive poli cy of the late enemy: But in this just expectation we are disappointed. Recent advices from Gibraltar, inform us beyond doubt, that four seamen, two of *Note by the editor of the Weekly Register. The first whom are certainly native Americans, have been imissue of paper protections was a fatal and disgrace-pressed by admiral FLEMING, from two American Such things are not permitted by the go ships. Such an act is an essential infringement of vernment of any other country. The act debased our sovereignty, and as such must either be atoned our Hag, Because it partially recognized the "right for or avenged. All rights and duties between naof search" for men. But this error, like many others tions are equal and reciprocal. A free citizen or subequally distressing, committed by every administra-ject has, by the universal law of nature and nations, tion, had its origin in a too ardent desire to remove the right of expatriation; and every nation has a a pretext for a complaint on the part of Great Bri-right-the municipal laws of any derelict country tain, and accommodaté ourselves to her interpolations to the contrary notwithstanding-to receive suci of the established law. As we "gave way an inch subject or citizen into its own bosom upon its own she was ready to take an ell;" until, at last, through terins. Upon this broad principle no American citi our peaceable disposition and desire to avoid colli-zen is restrained from settlement and employment sion, we had retired, as it were, into a corner from in any foreign country, not in open hostility with the which it was impossible to escape, without fighting. United States. No Tyro in politics can deny this We forced ourselves out with honor; and, trusting fact; and no publicist will deny the principle. But that we shall never be so penned-up again, we would England claims the right of taking her seamen front keep the open field, and take a stand by ordering our merchant vessels. We claim from her no such that paper protections should not issue hereafter. right; and our men are as likely to go to her, as hers No doubt they were sometimes obtained by persons to come to us; unless our country is better than not entitled to them, and it was impossible, utterly hers, and the seamen know it, and that is not our impossible, entirely to prevent it; for some men fault but our good fortune. The laws of nations capable of perjury are to be found in the United give her no such right. We challenge all the advoStates as well as in England, where the swearing cates for impressment, from the great lord Castleand counterfeiting businesses were reduced to regular reagh down to the little Josiah Quincy, to produce occupations, and carried on with the open knowledge the passage of the author which justifies it, either of the government. But the fact is, that these pro- directly or indirectly, by an fogy or inference. Even tections never were respected, when the puppy mid-as to municipal law, the following decision of judge shipman who boarded a vessel, had orders to bring Scort proves that the character of the mariner is back men because "his majesty wanted them." He derived from the bottom in which he sails; and hence would sometimes tear them to pieces and throw them it follows, that every man under the flag is an Ame in the faces of those they belonged to-or put the whole in his pocket to be used, (as he would say, in the coarse language that belongs to his class,) for the most disgraceful purposes.

rican citizen for the voyage; and for this obvious reason, it is much more prejudicial to take a man from a ship, and thereby leave her short-handed, and jeopardize the lives of the remainder of the I repeat it-I hope no more paper protections will crew, and all the property, than to take an Englishissue. They are disgraceful-they are not granted man from the wharf, where nothing but the indiviby or required of any other people. Let us assert dual would be lost to the community. If we must the broad English principle, that the flag gives a submit to the principle, let us commute. national character to those who sail under it. We brave sons of the ocean go free, and impress from the are willing even that our seamen should be subject houses and wharves. to the English law in this respect-Britons will not complain of that! But the law and the fuct shall not be judged by any fellow who happens to want men to fill up his crew.

Let the

THE FREDERICK, WORTH.-Sept. 7th, 1803. This was the case of a French whale ship, that was taken on a voyage to the southern whale fishery and back to L'Orient. The master claimed specific shares of the cargo, as the property of himself and *Note upon note. Sixteen hundred British vessels the officers and the crew of his vessel, asserted subcleared out from British ports for the north of Eu-jects of America. rope in one year, as American vessels, with forged The king's advocate contended-That the character American papers, which were publicly advertised for of the master and mariners were to be taken from sale in the London newspapers. In the matters con- that of the ship, and that they were presfuded fruta nected with these vessels I venture to say, more per-cl iming wages on board an enemy's ship. jury was committed in England in one year, than Contra. Laurence cited the cuses of the Ospr yaml there was in the United States for twenty years, re- the Industry, in the lust war, (in which the master's lating to seamen. Yet Englishmen have the modesty adventure had been restored, and contended-That to talk about "agrant and undeniable abuses as the claiman's had engaged in this trade only in

199

last wholly undeserving of any attention or respect, the present intentions of the lords commissioners and the British government has always regretted of the admiralty, respecting the American seamen that this check (slight as it originally was) has been who have been heretofore detained in the British so infinitely abused, and finally so completely de- service. stroyed, not only for the sake of the Americans themselves, who might thereby suffer the inconvenience, but for that of the English officers, who were thereby rendered still less capable than before of distinguishing the persons whom it was their duty to impress.

In making those observations in my letter of the 13th March, upon this subject, which their lordships consider as entering upon a question beyond my competency to discuss, I was influenced solely by a sense of duty. The topic is unfortunately too humiliating to be willingly selected, but painful as Their lordships, for the reasons already stated, do its consideration was to myself, and unwelcome not enter with you into any explanation of the rules as it appears to have been to their lordships, I cannot which governed their conduct on this subject before regret that I yielded to the necessity of presenting the war, sent, either at their own or your request, it clearly to their view, since it now appears that to prison, from his majesty's service, their lordships their lordships no longer adhere to their determina. have no hesitation in stating that they have, in favor tion,that impressed American seamen must continue of that first principle of civilized society, the alle-to serve his Britannic majesty or go to prison, to be giance which is due to the land of a man's nativity, released only as prisoners of war. being anxious to avoid even the possibility of oblig- I cannot but lament that as their lordships thought ing any American to fight against his country; and it necessary to allude to "misconceptions and misthey are therefore discharged persons from the statements," which they represent that letter to military service of this country, on evidence of their contain, they did not take the trouble to point them being Americans-which would not, in ordinary out, especially as in their opinion, they might have times, have been considered sufficient, even in the been "so easily answered." I lament this the more, as opinion and the practice of the American consulate I can discover nothing in it which further experience here to obtain their release. And it has happened and reflection do not confirm. that several persons have, on their own assertions, But whatever ground their lordship's letter affords or on production of American documents, been so for retorting such a charge upon themselves, I fordischarged, of whom it has been discovered that bear to notice. If their lordships do see in the frauthey are natural born subjects of his majesty, and dulent use of documents of American citizenship by that such assertions were false, or such documents British seamen, any excuse for impressing and defraudulently obtained. taining American seamen in the British navy, and if

But while their lordships prefer the risk of losing they do consider such impressment and detention as the services of a British subject to that of obliging only a temporary inconvenience to the American seaan American citizen to continue in arms against men, and if they think that the blame of all such imhis country, they cannot, on evidence loose and pressments and detention is imputable, as their unsatisfactory, or without any evidence at all, permit letter insinuates, to the United States, I should such persons to proceed to the United States to utterly despair that our opinions could ever be bear arms against this country. We are therefore brought to coincide, and consequently, that any practo acquaint you that persons discharged to prison tical good could result from any effort of mine to from his majesty's service, as being Americans, effect it. Happily, however, this is not now necessary. cannot be released, unless in each individual case The question does not relate to the abuse of docuyou shall produce satisfactory proofs that the person ments of American citizenship, whether resulting whose exchange you demand is a natural-born Ame-from forgeries practised here, or frauds committed rican citizen. Whenever such proof shall be pro-in the United States; nor is it essential to enquire duced, the person will be immediately released whether American seamen have been taken through from prison, upon the usual terms of exchange, if error or design; nor whether their impressments and he has been a volunteer in our, service, or, if an detention be in conformity with long and general impressed man, freely and without restriction.

HARLEY STREET, May 29th, 1813. Sir-I have received the letter addressed to me by the board on the 26th instant, communicating time of peace, it was reasonable that they should be allowed some time to withdraw themselves and their property, without being bound instanter to all the disabilities of a French character, for a mere tempo. rary service on board a French ship.

JUDGMENT,

SIR W. SCOTT.

practice in the British navy, or contrary to the wishes of the British government. The fact is admitted that American scamen have been impressed and held in the service of Great Britain, and their lordships now declare that upon satisfactory proof of this national character, they shall be released, either as prisoners of war, or freely and without restriction. The question, then, is as to the proof.

But, on entering upon this question, we should not overlook the very important consideration that the greater number of these persons having been I have no hesitation in pronouncing that these per taken from American vessels, were, whether they sons cannot be admitted to claim They are to be did or did not bear documents of their citizenship, considered as mariners; and this proportion of the taken against the prima facie evidence of their being proceeds of the voyage, as their wages. Then can American citizens. They were deprived of the bea claim be sustained for wages, on board an enemy's nefit of this evidence upon the mere suspicion of ship? In the cases cited, the ships were either persons interested in discrediting it, and they have really or ostensibly American ships, which might en-been detained in the British service without any title the persons serving in them, in that character, evidence of their being British subjects. It is the to a different consideration. The present vessel is British government, therefore, on which the burthen : vowedly a French ship, and these persons must be of proof should still lie.

taken to be French sailors. There is indeed less These unfortunate men are, however, in the pow reason for any relaxation of the general principle infer of the British government, and it imposes this this branch of navigation, than in any other; because burden upon them. To this additional hardship, the ratio of wages is a material part of the trade they must therefore submit. We come then to its itself, being the ordinary mode of carrying on that operation. articular species of commerce.

The official documents of American citizenship