In his second section Dr. Waddington draws out the distinction between the Puritans and the Separatists, and traces with clearness and precision the point of divergence between them. He redeems the Separatists from the odium of Brown's eccentricities, and gives a touching account of Harrison, Greenwood, Barrowe, Johnson, Penry, and other early witnesses for the principle of an independent, self-governed Church. This section brings us down to the formation of the church in Southwark in 1592, the original nursery of the Pilgrim Fathers.

Section third continues the theme of the martyrs and exiles under Queen Elizabeth, with the violence of Bancroft's measures for repressing Puritanism, and the exodus of the first Separatists to Amsterdam.

Section fourth, which is one of the largest in the essay, covers the period from 1602 to 1620, and is devoted to the Pilgrim Fathers. John Smyth and the Church in Gainsborough; John Robinson at Scrooby; Henry Jacob; the Pilgrims at Leyden; the Church in Southwark; the Departure for America, these, and kindred topics, are skillfully handled in a brief, lucid, and graphic narrative. In an Appendix, Dr. W. vindicates the Pilgrims at Plymouth from the aspersions which have been cast upon their colonial policy. When Dr. W. was in this country, he visited Plymouth, and took part in laying the corner-stone of the proposed monument to the memory of the Pilgrim Fathers. But the monument he has now erected to vindicate their honor and consistency is worth more than a record upon marble.

Section fifth, in which he treats of Presbyterians and Independents, from 1625 to 1638, is one of the most important in the book, showing the great advantage which the Separatists had over the Puritans in their principles and methods in opposition to the authority of the state in religion. The conflict of these two parties in the men of the commonwealth furnishes the theme of section sixth, from 1640-46.

The concluding section treats of parties before the Restoration, and the development of Congregationalism. The essay terminates with the Act of Uniformity. Dr. Waddington, however, culogizes the triumph of moral consistency in the Separatists of 1662, and eloquently urges upon the Dissenters of to-day the duty of a reiterated testimony in behalf of conscience. In an Appendix, Dr.

Waddington thus connects the Non-conformists of the seventeenth century with English Congregationalists in the nineteenth.

"We are of opinion, from a partial glance at the unpublished records from 1672 to 1688, that it can be demonstrated from the clearest and fullest evidence, that the Congregationalists properly represent the men of the exodus of 1662;"—though at the time of the ejection the majority were State-Church Presbyterians, "those who survived at the revolution of 1688, identified themselves mainly with the Congregationalists, and so gave strength and consolidation to that body, which have never since been lost."

Dr. Waddington's essay covers an exceedingly interesting and important period of Congregational history--a period which he has already illuminated, with much pains-taking and expense, by his original researches among state papers and in the archives of the British Museum. We trust that he will continue this line of investigation, and give us in his own simple and lucid style, the ecclesiastical history of England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

SPOTS ON THE SUN: OR THE PLUMB-LINE PAPERS.*___“The difficult passages of Scripture," examined in this lively volume, are the passage in Judges xv, 4-5, concerning Samson and the foxes; the passages in 2 Kings xx, 9, 10, 11, and in Isaiah xxxviii, 8, concerning the going back of the shadow on the dial of Ahaz; and the passage in Joshua x, 12-15, on the standing still of the sun and moon. The "dogmas of the church," upon which 66 careful inquiry" is bestowed, are the Resurrection of the Body; the Image of God in Man; the Inexorable Element in Law; and the doctrine of the Imputation of Adam's Sin to his Posterity.

The author holds and seeks to establish that the story of Samson and the foxes is no story about foxes, but about sheaves of wheat, which were laid two and two, and set on fire;-that there were no dials in the times of Ahaz, and therefore there could have been no shadow on them, but that the sign spoken of was symbolical language, which he does not very definitely interpret and the received story of the standing still of the sun and moon is poeti

* Spots on the Sun: or the Plumb-Line Papers. Being a series of essays, or critical examinations of difficult passages of Scripture; together with a careful inquiry into certain dogmas of the church. By Rev. T. M. HOPKINS, A. M., Geneva, N. Y. Auburn: William J. Moses. 1862. 12mo. pp. 367.

cal language interpolated from the book of poems called the book of Jasher.

The resurrection of the body he explains by the aid of the illustration borrowed by Paul from the grains of wheat, and shows by a careful computation that all the individuals of the human race could have been interred in a much smaller portion of the earth's surface than has been represented. He holds that men are created in a natural likeness to God, in several particulars which he specifies and defends at length. The inexorable element in Law is treated in a discussion of the passage of James ii, 10-"Whosoever shall keep the whole law and yet offend in one point is guilty of all;" of which the true import is explained and defended. Last of all, the doctrine of the Imputation of Adam's Sin is earnestly and ably refuted.

There is some wit and more wisdom in this plain-spoken volume; and though we cannot commit ourselves to all the exegetical theories of the author we can commend the volume to all lovers of an earnest discussion in a manly and truth-loving spirit.

DR. HARWOOD'S CONVENTION SERMON.*-The annual Convention Sermon, preached this year at Bridgeport, by Dr. Harwood of Trinity Church, New Haven, is deserving of altogether a more extended analysis than our crowded pages will allow. "The Preeminence of Jesus Christ: or, the order in things to be believed," is his own statement of its theme. The manly, earnest, and scholarly manner in which the preacher illustrates and defends this central truth is significant of the position he is prepared to take in the new controversy which has been awakened in the English Church by the publication of the "Essays and Reviews."

PROF. SHEDD'S DISCOURSES AND ESSAYS.t-Mr. Draper of Andover, has published a new edition of the admirable volume of Disourses and Essays of Professor Shedd, an extended examination and review of which appeared in this Quarterly in 1856, (Vol. XIV,

*The Preeminence of Jesus Christ: or, the order in things to be believed. A sermon before the twenty-eighth Convention of the Diocese of Connecticut, in St. John's Church, Bridgeport, June 10, 1862. By EDWIN HARWood, rector of Trinity Church, New Haven. 8vo. pp. 31.

Discourses and Essays. By W. G. T. SHEDD. Andover: 1862. 12mo. pp. 324.

p. 362). The titles of these Essays are-1. The Method, and Influence, of Theological Studies. II. The True Nature of the Beautiful, and its Relation to Culture. III. The Characteristics, and Importance, of a Natural Rhetoric. IV. The Nature, and Influence, of the Historic Spirit. V. The Relation of Language, and Style, to Thought. VI. The Doctrine of Original Sin. To these has been added another Essay, which was originally published in the Bibliotheca Sacra, in October, 1859, on the Doctrine of the Atonement.

THE REBELLION.

PUTNAM'S RECORD OF THE REBELLION.-Three large octavo volumes of this work, averaging over seven hundred closely printed pages each, and abundantly furnished with maps, diagrams, and portraits on steel, were some months ago completed, and announced in this Quarterly. Parts 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, which are the first five numbers of the fourth volume, have since appeared, and the Record is now brought down to the battle of Pittsburgh Landing. The portraits in these five numbers are of Admiral A. H. Foote, Major-General John Pope, Major-General David Hunter, Henry A. Wise, Colonel E. D. Baker, Edwin M. Stanton, General S. P. Heintzleman, Ben McCullock, MajorGeneral Kearney and Stonewall Jackson. For sale by T. H. Pease, New Haven.

CAIRNES'S "SLAVE POWER."*-This book was placed in our hands just as our last sheet was sent to the press. We have glanced over its pages-reading here and there a weighty passage -with sufficient attention to feel quite safe in saying that no more timely volume has been issued from the American press since the Southern Rebellion was inaugurated. Certainly no more grateful volume has appeared from the English press for this many years. It consoles us somewhat, in the bitterness of the disappointment and the intensity of the displeasure with which we respond to the

*The Slave Power: Its Character, Career, and Probable Designs: being an attempt to explain the real issues involved in the American contest. By J. E. CAIRNES, M. A., Professor of Jurisprudence and Political Economy in Queen's College, Galway; and late Whately Professor of Political Economy in the University of Dublin. New York: Carleton, Publisher, 413 Broadway. 1862. [For sale in New Haven by Judd & Clark].

Large 8vo. pp. 170.

selfish unreason and the envious exultation manifested by the great mass of our English cousins, to read from an English Professor so able and so dispassionate a discussion of the sole cause of our disasters. We mean what we say, when we call it able and dispassionate. It is able, as it is thoroughly philosophical in its estimate of the nature and essential tendencies of slavery; as it is comprehensive in the recognition of all the modifying circumstances which serve to check for a while its malign action; as it evinces an accurate and profound knowledge of American society and of American institutions; and as it is founded on wide inductions and a careful scrutiny of facts and statistics.

It is dispassionate-not characterized by excessive heat or undue partiality for either party, not committed to all the conclusions and expectations of the Northern people, but cool, even tempered and judicial in its tone and temper. Of course we cannot accept all the views of the author, but we are certain that his main principles are just and sound.

We wish that it might be circulated by hundreds of thousands through the country, to give steadiness and intelligence to the opposition to the slave power that has been already awakened, and to enforce some caution and restraint on the true fanatics of the North, who in hypocritical garb and with demure faces, are just now ready to say to any advances from this power-Pax vobiscum; i. e. Peace on your own terms.

LIEBER ON GUERRILLA PARTIES.*-The learned author of the little pamphlet which bears this title was induced to prepare it at the special request of Major-General Halleck, who addressed a letter to him asking for his views on the subject of guerrilla parties. The General says:

"The rebel authorities claim the right to send men, in the garb of peaceful citi. zens, to waylay and attack our troops, to burn bridges and houses, and to destroy property and persons within our lines. They demand that such persons be treated as ordinary belligerents, and that when captured they have extended to them the same rights as other prisoners of war; they also threaten that if such persons be punished as marauders and spies, they will retaliate by executing our prisoners of war in their possession."

* Guerrilla Parties considered with reference to the Laws and Usages of War.— Written at the request of Major-General Henry W. Halleck, General-in-chief of the army of the United States. By FRANCIS LIEBER. New York: P. Van Nostrand. 1862. 24mo. pp. 22.