4. Hiring and dismissing shall be on the basis of ability, adaptability, dependability, or lack thereof, as shown in the way the employe works for the company's best interest.

5. All promotions or advancements shall be made on the basis of merit.

6. Continuity of employment shall be guaranteed for faithful work. The employer shall reward industry, loyalty, ability and unusual effort.

7. A fair wage for a fair day's work shall be the governing thought in arriving at the rate of pay for all employes, having due regard for the public's ability and willingness to pay for telephone service, the economic value of the service rendered by the employes, legal requirements and general living conditions. 8. Employes should be instructed in the correct standards of practice in the conduct of the telephone business, so that the Code of Ethics of the United States Independent Telephone Association may be carried into effect by every employe.

SECTION IV

Declarations Governing Our Relations with Connecting

Companies

1. The nature of our business requires that there be perfect co-operation between connecting companies and ourselves. Every effort should be made to maintain the most friendly and cordial relations."

2. It is obvious, for the mutual benefit of the companies concerned, that prompt attention be given to maintenance and repairs of individually and jointly owned toll lines.

3. Long Distance operators should be carefully selected. They should be instructed to avoid disputes and delays over all toll lines.

4. It is the duty of member companies to make prompt payment of interchanged toll and other bills.

SECTION V

Declarations Governing Our Relations with The Public At Large 1. We recognize that our existence as manufacturers and telephone operators is justified only by the extent to which we can be of service to the public.

2. It is the manifest duty of all citizens to take an active interest in the welfare of the community. We assume our responsibility in supporting local, civic and commercial associations which have this as an objective.

3. It is our duty to keep informed regarding all proposed telephone legislation, and to take such action as may protect the public and ourselves against the passage of ill-advised laws.

SECTION VI

Declarations Governing Our Relations with Public Regulating Bodics

1. Between telephone companies and the regulating bodies a spirit of mutual respect and friendly co-operation should exist at all times.

2. Responsibility for rates, rules and regulations applied for by a telephone company and authorized by the regulating body should be assumed by the telephone company through its officers, directors and employes.

3. The service rendered by a telephone company and the relations between the company and its patrons, also between the company and its employes, should be such as to justify the regulating body in authorizing rates, rules and regulations which will guarantee a fair return on the money invested in telephone properties.

Concluding Declarations

1. Members of this Association shall seek to elevate the standards of this Code, and shall use their influence and example to inspire all others in the business to do likewise.

2. Publication of this Code of Ethics by member companies in their various localities is urged.

3. The adoption of this Code by the United States Independent Telephone Association places an obligation on each member to a sincere and faithful performance of the rules of conduct so set forth.

TENTS AND AWNINGS

MISSOURI VALLEY TENT AND AWNING MANU-
FACTURERS ASSOCIATION

Adopted 1924:

CODE OF ETHICS

In the making and selling of Tents, Awnings and kindred lines a real service is rendered to the public and those so engaged should define and publish the motives and ideals which are to govern their actions toward the public; the employee; those from whom purchases are made; those to whom goods are sold; competitors, and trade and civic organizations, keeping in mind our duties to our cities, States, and Nation, and their laws.

The ideals of men best project themselves into reality when crystallized in written documents. In every line of human activity, a united written expression of what is best for the common good becomes a strong force for progress. The mere expression clarifies the general sentiment. Nowhere is a formation of principles more needed than in business. In most industries there is a substratum of concerns which live by dishonest and unfair methods. Although they represent but a small part of an industry, the vicious, crooked competition of such concerns can have a most harmful effect upon an entire industry. The trade association offers the agency through which the forward-looking leaders of business can crystallize the conscience of their industry. Through the association united effort is possible to rid an industry of such practices.

For the above reasons we, the members of this Association, do hereby adopt the following code of ethics:

Article I. The Management:

1. Realizing that a business received its character and soul, as it were, from those in command, it must be necessary, in order for the fine character and soul you would wish to be reflected in your business, that the directing head be a man of morality physically fit, of the highest integrity of established reputation, with honesty unquestioned and of credit standing in his community. He must be thoroughly trained and experienced in the manufacture and distribution of tents, awnings, etc.

2. To these are added kindliness, courtesy and the desire to be friendly, with a pride in his occupation and an appre

ciation of the opportunity that he has to render a service to his community.

3. With these qualifications in our management, just so surely will the public, the business world and our employees accept them as the characteristics of our business.

Article II. Relations of Employer and Employee:

1. The closest relationship and co-operation should always manifest itself between employer and employee. These are successfully obtained only by impartial, equitable, fair and honest treatment of the employee.

2. There shall be no discrimination made in the hiring of employees based on their affiliation or non-affiliation with organizations of similar employment.

3. The employer shall pay a just and living wage. The well-being contentment and happiness of the employee shall be of first consideration. Efficient and honest effort shall be rewarded without discrimination and a continuance of employment be guaranteed for faithful work, in so far as is consistent with the seasonable character of our business.

4. In our dealings with our workmen let us ever be mindful that there is resting upon us, as employers, a grave responsibility. For we should by example and precept endeavor to inculcate the highest ideals of manhood and character, and emphasize the responsibility of every thinking man as a citizen of the United States of America, for the rightful discharge of his duties thereunder.

Article III. Relation with Those from whom Purchases are Made:

1. Whenever the subject is of interest to the purchasers, courtesy demands that we shall cordially receive salesmen and representatives enquiring for business. In all such interviews truth and honesty shall be observed. We shall make no mis-leading statements in order to secure special privileges or benefits nor shall we violate the confidence of a competitor. Contracts of purchase and terms of payment shall be strictly adhered

to.

2. It is by these methods that we will create confidence in our industry and place it upon the high and honorable plane of business integrity.

Article IV. Rules of Conduct between Competitors and Trade

Associations:

1. Our mutual interests can be best served through co

operation with one another, and our aim shall be and our efforts directed toward such mutual exchanges of general matters of like interest that each, through the experience of others, may profit thereby and avoid the loss entailed by others.

2. In the realization that higher business standards and greater efficiency are to be attained through the proper use of knowledge received in an exchange of experiences, we shall maintain an open mind and give due consideration to the opinions of

others.

3. We shall endeavor to maintain such a friendly relationship with competitors as will enable us to meet with them and discuss frankly the means of furthering our mutual interests. 4. We shall not combine with competitors to raise or maintain or bring about uniformity in prices, to divide territory or to allot customers. Selling below cost is an unfair method of competition, and it is unethical to do so. A fair profit shall be made on all transactions.

5. We believe that our Association is the medium for accomplishing great good for our industry and the members thereof, and since we recognize that it can be more effective when supported by all units of the industry, we shall use all fair and lawful means to persuade non-members to apply for membership. 6. We shall avoid scrupulously all overstatements or misrepresentations of any kind in our own behalf, either in advertising or in personal salesmanship.

7. We shall refuse to pay bribes or "commissions" to buyers, purchasing agents or others who thus may be induced to place orders with us. We realize that business so acquired is sure to develop undesirable characteristics.

8. We shall not hire employees away from a competitor or induce them by other means to leave his service, as it is recognized as a sure way to invite reprisal and a general demoralization of employment relations in our industry. We recognize the right of every man to use all reasonable efforts to better his condition, but also recognize that employers do one another and the employee a great wrong when they become bidders for his services.

9. Recognizing that to enable the officers of our Association most effectively to advance the interests of the industry, we must give them our unqualified confidence and trust, so long as we shall find it not misapplied, and believing that they will apply it to the interests of the industry as a whole and not for individual gain, to this end we shall promptly and fully make answer honestly to all matters of inquiry in so far as shall be in