closing date, any member of this Association may withdraw his bid unless he has bound himself not to do so. But, unless there is an entire new bidding, he may not substitute another bid for the one withdrawn. In particular, if the low bidder finds his bid low by a large margin, he is not permitted to withdraw it and substitute a higher one, and if his low bid is accepted within thirty days, he must stand by it and complete the work for the amount of his bid. In case the bid contains a time limit shorter or longer than 30 days, the time limit stated in the bid controls. 13. New Bidding on Revised Plans and Specifications: Generally speaking, except as provided in Rule 10, no member of this Association may submit a bid on the same plans and specifications after the closing date, and after a set of competitive bids has been submitted. But if bids are rejected, and new bids invited on revised plans and specifications, the following rules will apply to members of this Association: (a) If the revisions are in quantities of marble only and the total change does not amount to more than 25 per cent of the total quantity of marble originally called for, new bids must be confined to the original bidders. If the revision involved is greater than 25 per cent of the total quality of marble originally called for, new bidders are permitted. (b) If the revisions involve changes in the kind of marble, and they do not involve changing more than 25 per cent of the quantity originally called for, the new bids will be confined to the original bidders, but if the changes effect more than 25 per cent of the original quantity called for, new bidders will be permitted. (c) If quantities are changed, and the kinds of marble are also changed, if the sum of the changes does not amount to more than 25 per cent of the quantity of marble originally called for, new bids shall be confined to the original bidders, if more than 25 per cent, new bidders will be permitted. (d) When figures are submitted on revised plans and specifications involving changes in the kind of marble, if kinds of marble already bid upon are included in the revised specifications, as alternates, without changes in quantities thereof amounting to 25 per cent or more, new bids on marble so included in the original specifications, are not permitted. But in order that this restriction shall be effective, the description of the marble in question in the original specifications must be specific as to grade. A mere general specification of a marble from a given locality where a number of grades and kinds are produced shall not be sufficient to bar new bidders bidding on specific grades of such marble. 14. Action of Members in Response to Requests for Bids on Revised Plans, etc. When requested to bid on revised plans and specifications, members of this Association not included among the original bidders, must satisfy themselves that the revisions are such as to justify new bidders-otherwise they must not bid. In any case, they must report all the facts to the Secretary without delay. 15. Award of General Contract to be Reported: Every member shall, as soon as he learns the facts, report to the Secretary the name of the successful general contractor on any job on which the member has submitted a bid. 16. The Successful General Contractor: A general contractor who has received competitive bids on the marble work in a building for which he secures the general contract, is expected to award the marble contract to one of the bidders whose bid he has received. If he has received no bids on the marble work or has received only preliminary estimates from the trade, all members of this Association who have submitted bids on the work are free to submit the same bids to the successful contractor, even though the closing date has gone. by. 17. Members of this Association are not permitted to furnish bids to architects for distribution to general contractors except upon the specific request of the architects themselves. 18. Joint Bids: Where two or more members of this Association submit a joint or co-operative bid on a job, this bid must be plainly marked as such, and contain the names of all the concerns interested in it. Each one of them may also bid individually if he so desires, provided the co-operative bid be plainly disclosed as such. If the co-operative bid is accepted, anyone or more of the members interested in it may sign the contract, even though the cooperative bid was submitted in the name of another member of the interested group. 19. Maintenance of Proper Standards of Workmanship: Because of the errors in setting and the poor workmanship which always occur when the setting of marble is in the hands of persons not skilled in the Trade, and to avoid the claims, difficulties and misunderstandings which always arise in such cases, members of this Association will not bid f. o. b. in excess of $2,000.00 to any one not actually engaged in business as a marble contractor; provided that to bank fixture and plumbing concerns, f. o. b. quotations not exceeding $4,000.00 may be made on jobs in which the building and location thereof are fully disclosed. 20. Job Reduced to less than $2,000.00: Where any job reported as over Two Thousand Dollars ($2,000.00) is subsequently revised to less than that figure, the facts must be reported to the Secretary, to complete the record. 21. F. O. B. Quotations: Copies of all f. o. b. quotations over $1,000.00 in amount shall be sent to the Secretary, where other members are bidding on the job set-in-place, copies of f. o. b. quotations shall be distributed with the bids. No member of this Association shall submit an f. o. b. quotation on any job on which a closing date has been established, between the time of the closing date and the time when the marble contract is definitely awarded. Members of this Association are prohibited to take advantage of f. o. b. quotations in such a manner as to gain for themselves an unfair advantage over other bidders. 22. Detailed Estimates where Required as Evidence: In cases where violations of these Rules for Bidding are charged against a member or members, the Grievance Committee, to be so constituted in this case as to contain no members interested in the case in question, may call upon the Secretary for the schedule of bids in the case, and upon the accused and accusing members for their detailed estimates on which their bids are based, in case this information is necessary to reach a finding as to the facts. This constitutes the sole exception to the rule that bids shall be distributed only to the bidders and in no other case shall this Association or any of its officers require any member to produce his detailed estimates, or reveal the basis of his bids or his unit prices. 23. Power to Modify Rules: Where on account of the occurrence of some unusual or unforeseen event or happening, or because of the lapse of time or change in market conditions, the strict application of any of these rules would work substantial injustice to any person, whether a bidder on marble work or a prospective purchaser, the Board of Directors may so modify them in each case as to avoid the injustice. MEDICINE THE OATH OF HIPPOCRATES Early 4th century B. C. Translated by Francis Adams, I swear by Apollo the physician, and Aesculapius, and Health, and All-heal [Hygeia and Panacea, daughters of Aesculapius,] and all the gods and goddesses, that, according to my ability and judgment, I will keep this Oath and this stipulationto reckon him who taught me this Art equally dear to me as my parents, to share my substance with him, and relieve his necessities if required; to look upon his offspring in the same footing as my own brothers, and to teach them this art, if they shall wish to learn it, without fee or stipulation; and that by precept, lecture, and every other mode of instruction, I will implant a knowledge of the Art to my own sons, and those of my teachers, and to disciples bound by a stipulation and oath according to the law of medicine, but to none others. I will follow that system of regimen which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to any one if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; and in like manner I will not give to a woman a pessary to produce abortion. With purity and with holiness I will pass my life and practice my Art. I will not cut persons laboring under the stone, but will leave this to be done by men who are practitioners of this work. Into whatever houses I enter, I will go into them for the benefit of the sick, and will abstain from every voluntary act of mischief and corruption; and, further, from the seduction of females or males, of freemen and slaves. Whatever, in connection with my professional practice or not in connection with it, I see or hear, in the life of men, which ought not to be spoken of abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that all such should be kept secret. While I continue to keep this Oath unviolated, may it be granted to me to enjoy life and the practice of the Art, respected by all men, in all times! But should I trespass and violate this Oath, may the reverse be my lot! AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL ETHICS Chapter I The Duties of Physicians to Their Patients THE PHYSICIAN'S RESPONSIBILITY SECTION 1.-A profession has for its prime object the service it can render to humanity; reward or financial gain should be a subordinate consideration. The practice of medicine is a profession. In choosing this profession an individual assumes an obligation to conduct himself in accord with its ideals. PATIENCE, DELICACY AND SECRECY SEC. 2. Patience and delicacy should characterize all the acts or a physician. The confidences concerning individual or domestic life entrusted by a patient to a physician and the defects of disposition or flaws of character observed in patients during medical attendance should be held as a trust and should never be revealed except when imperatively required by the laws of the state. There are occasions, however, when a physician must determine whether or not his duty to society requires him to take definite action to protect a healthy individual from becoming infected, because the physician has knowledge, obtained through the confidences entrusted to him as a physician, of a communicable disease to which the healthy individual is about to be exposed. In such a case, the physician should act as he would desire another to act toward one of his own family under like circumstances. Before he determines his course, the physician should know the civil law of his commonwealth concerning privileged communications. PROGNOSIS SEC. 3.-A physician should give timely notice of dangerous manifestations of the disease to the friends of the patient. He should neither exaggerate nor minimize the gravity of the patient's condition. He should assure himself that the patient or his friends have such knowledge of the patient's condition as will serve the best interests of the patient and the family. PATIENTS MUST NOT BE NEGLECTED SEC. 4. A physician is free to choose whom he will He should, however, always respond to any request for his assistance in an emergency or whenever temperate public serve. |