Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... workers ' union ( Sarikat Pegawei Palaboean dan Laoetan , SPPL ) and held a public meeting of some fifteen hundred workers and union representatives . Over the next few months the PKI headquarters became the offices for the unions of ...
... workers , typically with less job secu- rity and lower pay . For Surabaya a precise occupational break- down by socioeconomic status is impossible because the standard employment categories are so broad . Nevertheless , after exclusion ...
... workers . A complete census might therefore have reckoned at least twelve thousand industrial workers within the immediate environs of the city . The above rough figures suggest fairly rapid growth in indus- trial employment between ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |