Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... street lighting was finally achieved in 1881 , when the new gas factory introduced gas mantles - electric street lighting did not take over until after 1919 ( Faber 1931 , 105 ; SGS 1919 ) . Street lighting brought a sense of security ...
... street sellers ( KMS , SDA an- nual ; Bijlmer 1987 , 178 ) . Surabaya's administration was more cautious than Jakarta's in moving against street traders . Around the mid - 1970s , street traders began to be cleared away from the main ...
... street of department stores . Aptly named Tunjungan Plaza , the new mall exemplified the reinvention and privatization of the conventional shopping street as a vertical building . Now the private mall became the street , encompassing ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |