Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... mills meant that this first wave of the Industrial Revolution transformed neither town nor countryside ( Dick 1993c ) . The most direct impact of the sugar mills on Surabaya was rapid growth of a private engineering industry . Cattle ...
... mills were small , with fewer than 15 looms , but there were also some giants . The Martak mill , owned by an Indian merchant at Cermee , near Gresik , was reported in February 1938 to have installed 2,000 hand looms and 350 machine ...
... mill , while on the far side of the Surabaya River above Wonokromo , within about a kilometer of each other , were the Dadungan , Ketintang , and Karah mills , which also crushed the cane from the Darmo estate . These mills were all ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |