Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... land into suburbs of European housing and chafed under their obligation to respect traditional land rights . Rents were often increased sharply to drive kampung dwellers off their land . The Arab merchant and land developer Ibrahim ...
... land was made extremely difficult by the land reform of 1960 and the aggressive campaign of the Communist Party against large landholders , including the owners of the old private estates . Given the further complications of fragmented ...
... land for urban development , were issued by the central government's Department of Internal Affairs on advice of the provincial governor . Jakarta - based investors could therefore make the most of their political connections to ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |