Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... kampung society is indeed very scram- bled in terms of conventional socioeconomic variables . Teachers , for example ... dwellers , regarded with as much suspicion by kampung dwellers as they in turn are regarded by suburbanites along ...
... kampung dwellers went begging . Another conflict arose with the introduction of water meters . To reduce fecal pollution and control the spread of infectious diseases such as typhoid and cholera , as part of kampung improvement the ...
... Kampung dwellers had no redress from an utterly corrupt legal system . Their unofficial lead- ers were always vulnerable to coercion . Under duress kampung dwellers thereby subsidized development projects , the revenues from which ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |