Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... firms , including four engineering firms , two chemical firms , an oil mill , a N. V. ACHIN IEK AMSTERDAM DJOCJA TEGAL BRAAT BRAAT BRAAT BRAAT SOEKABOEMI 1807-971 Figure 5.2 . The Braat workshops , next to the Ngagel industrial estate ...
... firms about halved ( Vreede 1926 , 4 ) . Cutthroat competition ensued and by 1922-23 most firms were operating at a loss and could no longer pay divi- dends . Several well - known firms went out of business . Braat , the largest private ...
... Firms in metals and machinery had a good deal of work , especially in rehabilitating rice mills , though plantation orders , the mainstay of the industry before the war , continued to be held back by the in- security of the hinterland ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |