Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... Tunjungan Plaza , which opened in 1986 as Surabaya's first multistory , air - conditioned shopping palace and ten years later LOUN completed its third phase of expansion , including the five. Figure 1.9 . Surabayans marching through ...
... Tunjungan as the main European shopping street and center of recreation . At the turn of the century this section of ... Tunjungan , where land could be purchased more cheaply and in larger blocks . The opening of the magnificent Hotel ...
... Tunjungan lost its ultramodern chic . Boutiques , bookshops , and fashionable restaurants gave way to tawdry electronic goods and furniture stores ; the roadway was widened into multiple lanes of speeding , one - way traffic , forcing ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |