....

Charles Lee, Virginia, 10 December, 1795; b 1757, d 1815.
Levi Lincoln, Massachusetts, 5 March, 1801; b 1749, d 1820.
Robert Smith, Maryland, 3 March, 1805; b 1757, d 1842.
John Breckenridge, Kentucky, 17 January, 1806; b d 1806.
Cæsar A. Rodney, Delaware, 20 January, 1807; b d 1824.
William Pinckney, Maryland, 11 December, 1811; b 1765, d 1822.
Richard Rush, Pennsylvania, 10 February, 1814; b 1780, d 1860.
William Wirt, Maryland, 16 December, 1817; b 1772, d 1834.
John McP. Berrien, Georgia, 9 March, 1829; b 1781, d 1856.
Roger B. Taney, Maryland, December, 1831; b 1777, d 1864.
Benjamin F. Butler, New-York, 25 December, 1835; b 1795, d 1858.
Felix Grundy, Tennessee, 1 September, 1838; b 1770, d 1840.
Henry D. Gilpin, Pennsylvania, 11 January, 1840; 1801, d 1860.
John J. Crittenden, Kentucky, 5 March, 1841; b 1786.
Hugh S. Legare, S. Carolina, 13 September, 1841; b 1797, d 1843.
John Nelson, Maryland, 1 July, 1843; b 1791, d 1860.
John Y. Mason, Virginia, 5 March, 1845; b 1795, d 1859.

Nathan Clifford, Maine, 1846; b Rumney, N. H., Aug. 18, 1803.
Isaac Toucey, Connecticut, 1848; b 1798.

Reverdy Johnson, Maryland, 6 March, 1849; b 1796.

John J. Crittenden, Kentucky, 20 July, 1850; b 1786, d 1862.
Caleb Cushing, Massachusetts, 5 March, 1853; b 1800.
Jeremiah S. Black, Pennsylvania, 5 March, 1857; b 1810.
Edwin M. Stanton, Pennsylvania, 1860; b 1815.
Edward Bates, Missouri, 6 March, 1861; b 1791.
James Speed, Kentucky, 6 December, 1864; b 1812.
Henry Stanberry, Kentucky, July, 1866.

CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.

The "Supreme Court" is the highest judicial tribunal of the U. S.
John Jay, New-York, 26 September, 1789; b 1745, d 1829.
John Rutledge, South-Carolina, 1 July, 1795; b 1739, d 1800.
William Cushing, Massachusetts, 27 January, 1796.
Oliver Ellsworth, Connecticut, 4 March, 1796; b 1752, d 1807.
John Jay, New-York, 19 December, 1800; b 1745, d 1829.
John Marshall, Virginia, 27 January, 1801; b 1755. d 1836.
Roger B. Taney, Maryland, 28 December, 1835; b 1777, d 1864.
Salmon P. Chase, Ohio, 6 December, 1864; b Cornish, N. H., 1808.

ASSOCIATE JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.

John Rutledge, South-Carolina, 26 September, 1789; b 1739, d 1800.
William Cushing, Mass., 27 September, 1789; b 1788, d 1810.
Robert H. Harrison, Maryland, 28 Sept., 1789; b 1745, d 1790.
James Wilson, Pennsylvania, 29 September, 1789; b 1742, d 1798.
John Blair, Virginia, 30 September, 1789; b 1732, d 1800.
James Iredell, North-Carolina, 10 February, 1790; b 1750, d 1797.
Thomas Johnson, Maryland, 7 November, 1791; b 1732, d'1819.
William Patterson, New-York, 4 March, 1793; b 1743. d 1806.
Samuel Chase, Maryland, 27 January, 1796; b 1741, d 1811.
Bushrod Washington, Virginia, 20 December, 1798; b 1759, d 1829.
Alfred Moore, North-Carolina. 1799; b 1755, d 1810.
William Johnson, South-Carolina, 26 March, 1804; b.
1834.
Brookholst Livingston, N. Y., 16 January, 1807; b 1757, d 1823.
Thomas Todd, Virginia, 4 March, 1807; b d 1826.
Levi Lincoln, Massachusetts, 7 January, 1811 b 1749, d 1820.
John Quincy Adams, Mass., 22 February, 1811; b 1767, d 1848.

Gabriel Duval, Maryland, 18 November, 1811; b 1751, d 1844. Joseph Story, Massachusetts, 18 November, 1811; b 1779, d 1845. Smith Thompson, New-York, 9 December, 1823; b 1767, d 1843. Robert Trimble, Kentucky, 9 March, 1826; b

d 1829.

John McLean, Ohio, 7 March, 1829; b 1785, d 1861.
Henry Baldwin, Pennsylvania, 6 January. 1830; b 1779, d 1844.
James M. Wayne, Georgia, 13 January, 1835.

Philip P. Barbour, Virginia, 15 March, 1836; b...., d 1841.
William Smith, Alabama, 8 March, 1837; b 1765, d 1840.

John Catron, Tennessee, 8 March, 1837.

John McKinley, Alabama, 3 September, 1837; b

d 1852.

Peter V. Daniel, Virginia, 3 March, 1841; b 1785, d 1860.

Samuel Nelson, New-York, February, 1845.

Levi Woodbury, New-Hampshire, January, 1846; b 1790, d 1851. Robert C. Grier, Pennsylvania, 1846; b 1794.

Benjamin R. Curtis, Massachusetts, 1850; b 1809.

Edward A. Bradford, Louisiana, 1852.

John A. Campbell, Alabama, 1853.

Nathan Clifford, Maine, 1858; b Rumney, N. H., Aug. 18, 1803. Noah H. Swayne, Ohio, 1862.

Samuel F. Miller, Iowa, 1862.

David Davis, Illinois, 1862.

Stephen J. Field, California, 1863.

CONGRESS.

All legislative powers are vested in Congress, which consists of a Senate and House of Representatives.

The Senate consists of two members from each State, elected by the Legislatures thereof respectively for six years. The VicePresident of the United States is ex officio President of the Senate; but a President pro tempore is elected by and from among the Senators, who, in the absence of the President, acts in his stead.

"

PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE PRO TEMPORE.

66

John Langdon, New-Hampshire, April, 1789.
Richard Henry Lee, Virginia, April, 1792.
John Langdon, New-Hampshive, May, 1792.
66 March, 1793.
Ralph Izard, South-Carolina, May, 1794.
Henry Tazewell, Virginia, February, 1795.
Samuel Livermore, New-Hampshire, May, 1796.
William Bingham, Pennsylvania, February, 1797
William Bradford, Rhode-Island, July, 1797.
Jacob Read, South-Carolina, November, 1797.
Theodore Sedgwick, Massachusetts, June, 1798.
John Lawrence, New-York, December, 1798.
James Ross, Pennsylvania, March, 1799.

Samuel Livermore, New-Hampshire, December, 1799.
Uriah Tracy, Connecticut, February, 1800.
John E. Howard, Maryland, November, 1800.
John Hillhouse, Connecticut, February, 1801.
Abraham Baldwin, Georgia, December, 1801.
Stephen R. Bradley, Vermont, December, 1802.
John Brown, Kentucky, October, 1803.
Jesse Franklin, North-Carolina, March, 1804.
Joseph Anderson, Tennessee, January, 1805.
Samuel Smith, Maryland, December, 1805.

Stephen R. Bradley, Vermont, December, 1808
John Milledge, Georgia, January, 1809.
Andrew Gregg, Pennsylvania, January, 1809.
John Gaillard, South-Carolina, February, 1810.
John Pope, Kentucky, February, 1811.
William H. Crawford, Georgia, March, 1812.
Joseph B. Varnum, Massachusetts, December, 1813.
John Gaillard, South-Carolina, January, 1820.
Nathaniel Macon, North-Carolina, May, 1826.
Samuel Smith, Maryland, May, 1828.
Littleton W. Tazewell, Virginia, July, 1832.
Hugh L. White, Tennessee, December, 1832.
George Poindexter, Mississippi, January, 1834.
John Tyler, Virginia, March, 1835.
William R. King, Alabama, July, 1836.
Samuel L. Southard, New-Jersey, March, 1841.
Willie P. Mangum, North-Carolina, May, 1842.
David R. Atchison, Missouri, August, 1846.
William R. King, Alabama, July, 1850.
David R. Atchison, Missouri, December, 1852.
Jesse D. Bright, Indiana, 1856.

Solomon Foote, Vermont, 1861.
Daniel Clark, New-Hampshire, 1862.

Lafayette S. Foster, Connecticut, March 4, 1865.
Benjamin F. Wade, Ohio, March 4, 1867.

The House of Representatives chooses its Speaker, and other officers. The following named Representatives have been elected Speakers of the House:

2d

1st Congress, F. A. Muhlenburg, Pennsylvania; b 1750, d 1801. Jonathan Trumbull, Connecticut; b 1740, d 1809. 3d F. A. Muhlenburg, Pennsylvania; b 1750, d 1801. 4th and 5th Congress, Jona. Dayton, New-Jersey; b 1756, d 1824 6th Congress, Theodore Sedgwick, Massachusetts; b 1746, d 1813. 7th, 8th and 9th Congress, Nathaniel Maeon, N. C.; b 1757, d 1887. 10th and 11th Congress, Joseph B. Varnum, Mass.; b 1750, d 1821. 12th and 13th Congress, Henry Clay, Kentucky; b 1777. d 1852. 13th Congress, Langdon Cheeves, South-Carolina; b 1776, d 1857. 14th, 15th and 16th, Henry Clay, Kentucky; b 1777, d 1852. 16th Congress, John W. Taylor, New-York; b 1784, d 1854. P. P. Barbour, Virginia; b 1779, d 1889. Henry Clay, Kentucky; b 1777, d 1852. John W. Taylor, New-York; b 1784, d 1854. 20th, 21st, 22d and 28d Congress, Andrew Stevenson, Virginia; 23d Congress, John Bell, Tennessee; b 1797.

17th 18th

19th

[b 1784, d 1857. 24th and 25th Congress, James K. Polk, Tennessee; b 1795, d 1849. 26th Congress, Robert M. T. Hunter, Virginia; b 1809.

27th

28th

66

29th

30th

31st

66

John White, Kentucky; b 1805.

John W. Jones, Virginia; b 1806.

John W. Davis, Indiana.

Robert C. Winthrop, Massachusetts; b 1809.
Howell Cobb, Georgia; b 1815.

32d and 33d Congress, Linn Boyd, Kentucky; b 1800.
34th Congress, Nathaniel P. Banks, Massachusetts; b 1816.
James L. Orr, South-Carolina; b 1822.
William Pennington, New-Jersey; b 1796, d1862.
Galusha A. Grow, Pennsylvania; b 1828.
38th, 39th and 40th Congress, Schuyler Colfax, Indiana; b

35th

36th

แ

37th

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.

WE, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

ARTICLE I

SECTION 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

SEC. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States; and the electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of represen tatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one representative: and until such enumeration shall be made the State of New-Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, one; Connecticut, five; New-York, six; New-Jersey, four; Pennsylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six; Virginia, ten; North-Carolina, five; South-Carolina, five; and Georgia, three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.

The House of Representatives shall choose their speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment.

SEC. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years; and each senator shall have one vote.

Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments, until the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.

No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.

The Vice-President of the United States shall be president of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.

The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a president pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.

The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments; when sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the members present.

Judgment in case of impeachment shall not extend farther than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law.

SEC. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.

SEC. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide.

Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two thirds, expel a member.

Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such part as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house, on any question, shall, at the desire of one fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.

Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.

SEC. 6. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place.

No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased, during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.

SEC. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of