nomination or by election by the Corporations of the State and by the largest taxpayers :

(1.) President of the Senate or of the Congress of Deputies.

(2.) Deputies who have belonged to three different Congresses or have sat through eight Sessions.

(3.) Ministers of the Crown.

(4.) Bishops.

(5.) Grandees of Spain.

(6.) Lieutenant-Generals in the Army and Vice-Admirals in the Navy, after they have been appointed two years.

(7.) Ambassadors, after two years of active service, and Ministers Plenipotentiary after four years.

(8.) Councillors of State, the "Fiscal" of that Council, the "Ministros" and "Fiscales" of the Supreme Tribunal and of the Audit Department, Members of the Supreme Council of War and of the Navy, and the Senior Member of the Tribunal of the Military Orders, after exercising their office for two years.

(9.) Presidents or Directors of the Royal Spanish Academy, of the Academies of History, of Fine Arts (San Fernando), of Exact, Physical, and Natural Sciences, of Moral and Political Sciences, and of Medicine.

(10.) Members, not honorary, of the aforesaid Academies, who may form part of the first half of their respective lists of seniority; First Class Inspectors-General of the Corps of Engineers of Roads, Mines, and Forests; First Class Professors of Universities, if they have held that rank and performed the duties thereof for four years.

The persons included in the above categories must, besides, have 7,500 pesetas of income proceeding from property of their own or from salaries of posts which can only be lost by reason of culpability legally proved, or from retiring pension, or from allowance on account of temporary cessation of services.

(11.) Persons having for two years previous possessed an annual income of 20,000 pesetas, or paid 4,000 pesetas for direct contributions to the Public Treasury, if they possess, besides, titles of nobility, have been members of Cortes or of Provincial Deputations, or Alcaldes in capitals of Provinces or in towns of more than 20,000 inhabitants.

(12.) Persons who may at any time have been Senators before the promulgation of this Constitution. Those who, in order to become Senators, may at any time have proved the possession of income may prove it, that it may be computed to them on becoming Senators in their own right by a certificate from the Office of the Registrar of Property proving that they continue to possess the same property.

The nomination of Senators by the King shall be made by special

Decrees which shall always set forth the foundation upon which, in conformity with the dispositions of this Article, the nomination is based.

23. The necessary circumstances for being named or elected a Senator may be changed by a Law.

24. Half of the elected Senators shall be replaced every five years, and they shall all be replaced when the King dissolves that part of the Senate.

25. Senators cannot, while the Cortes are open, accept posts, promotion (except promotion governed by strict seniority), titles, nor decorations.

However, the Government may employ them, within the sphere of their respective posts or ranks, on such commissions as the public service may require.

The post of Minister of the Crown is excepted from the rule laid down in the first paragraph of this Article.

26. For taking seat in the Senate it is necessary for a man to be a Spaniard, to have completed the age of 35 years, not to be subjected to criminal proceedings, nor deprived of the exercise of his political rights, and to be free as to the management of his property.

DIVISION 4.-Of the Congress of Deputies.

27. The Congress of Deputies shall be composed of those who may be named by the electoral Juntas in the manner which the law may fix. At least one Deputy shall be named for every 50,000 inhabitants.

28. The Deputies shall be elected, and may be continuously re-elected according to the method which the law may fix.

29. To be elected a Deputy it is necessary to be a Spaniard, a layman, of full age, and in the enjoyment of all civil rights. The law will settle as to the kind of functions incompatible with those of a Deputy and as to the cases of re-election.

30. The Deputies shall be elected for five years.

31. Deputies upon whom the Government or the Royal Household shall confer a pension, office, promotion (except promotion governed by strict seniority), commission with remuneration, honours, or decorations, shall be relieved of their functions without any declaration being necessary, if, within 15 days immediately after their nomination, they do not inform the Congress of their refusal of the favour.

The provisions of the previous paragraph do not include the Deputies who may be named Ministers of the Crown.

DIVISION 5.-On the Assembling and Powers of the Cortes.

32. The Cortes will meet every year. It belongs to the King

to convoke them, to suspend and close their sessions, and to dissolve, simultaneously or separately, the elective section of the Senate and the Congress of Deputies; in the latter case he is obliged to convoke and assemble the dissolved body or bodies within three months.

33. The Cortes shall be convoked as soon as the Crown is vacant, or when the King shall be in any way incapacitated from Government.

34. Each of the co-legislative bodies will draw up its own regulations for its internal government, and will examine both the qualifications of its members and the legality of their election.

35. The Congress of Deputies will name its President, VicePresidents, and Secretaries.

36. The King names for each Legislature, from among the Senators themselves, the President and Vice-Presidents of the Senate, which last elects its Secretaries.

37. The King opens and closes the Cortes in person, or by means of his Ministers.

38. One of the two co-legislative bodies cannot be assembled without the other, except in the case when the Senate exercises judicial functions.

39. The co-legislative bodies cannot deliberate together, nor in the presence of the King.

40. The sessions of the Senate and Congress shall be public, and a secret session can only be held in cases when privacy is

necessary.

41. The King and each one of the co-legislative bodies possesses the right of initiating Laws.

42. The Laws relating to contributions and to the public credit will be presented, in the first instance, to the Congress of Deputies.

43. The resolutions in each of the co-legislative bodies will be adopted by a majority of votes; but in order to vote the Laws the presence of one more than half the number of members that compose the body is required.

44. If one of the co-legislative bodies should throw out any Project of Law, or should the King refuse it his sanction, no other Project of Law upon the same subject can be again proposed in that session.

45. In addition to the legislative power which the Cortes, in conjunction with the King, exercises, it possesses the following privileges-1. To receive from the King, from the next successor to the throne, and from the Regency or Regent of the Kingdom, the oath to keep the Constitution and the Laws; 2. To elect the Regent or the Regency of the Kingdom, and to appoint a tutor for a minor

King when the Constitution advises it; 3. To make the responsibility of the Ministers effective, and they shall be impeached by the Congress and judged by the Senate.

46. Senators and Deputies are inviolate as far as concerns their opinions and their votes in the discharge of their functions.

47. Judicial proceedings cannot be taken against Senators, nor can they be arrested without the previous determination of the Senate, unless they have been found in flagranti delicto, or when the Senate is not assembled; but in any case a report shall be made to that body as soon as possible, in order that it may determine what is proper. Neither can judicial proceedings be taken against Deputies, nor can they be arrested during the session without the permission of Congress, unless they have been found in flagranti delicto; but in this event, or in the event of their being proceeded against or arrested whilst the Cortes are closed, a report shall be furnished as soon as possible for its information and for its decision. The Supreme Tribunal will take cognizance of criminal proceedings against Senators and Deputies in cases and in the form decided by law.

DIVISION 6.-Of the King and his Ministers.

48. The person of the King is sacred and inviolable.

49. The Ministers are responsible. No Decree of the King can be carried into effect without being countersigned by a Minister, who by this act alone becomes responsible.

50. The power of causing the Laws to be executed is vested in the King, and his power extends to everything that conduces to the preservation of public order in the interior and the security of the State abroad, in conformity with the Constitution and the Laws.

51. The King sanctions and promulgates the Laws.

52. He has supreme command of the army and fleet, and disposes of the forces by sea and by land.

53. He bestows rank, promotions, and military rewards, in accordance with the Laws.

54. There appertains besides to the King the right-1st. To issue the decrees, regulations, and instructions which may be conducive to the execution of the Laws. 2. To see that in the whole of the kingdom justice is fully and promptly administered. 3. To grant pardon to criminals in accordance with the Laws. 4. To declare war and to make and ratify peace, furnishing afterwards a written report to the Cortes. 5. To conduct diplomatic and commercial relations with the other Powers. 6. To take charge of the coinage of money, on which will be stamped his head and name. 7. To decree the distribution of the funds destined for each branch of the Administration in accordance with the Law of the Budget. 8. To confer civil employments

and to grant honours and distinctions of every class, in accordance with the Laws. 9. To name and dismiss freely the Ministers.

55. The King must be authorized by a special Law-1. To alienate, cede, or exchange any part of Spanish territory. 2. To incorporate any other territory to Spanish territory. 3. To admit foreign troops into the kingdom. 4. To ratify Treaties of Alliance, offensive and defensive, those which specially relate to commerce, those which stipulate for the granting of subsidies to any foreign Power, and all those which may be binding individually on Spaniards. In no case can secret Articles of a Treaty annul public ones. 5. To abdicate the throne to the next heir.

56. The King before contracting marriage will inform the Cortes, to whose approbation will be submitted the matrimonial contracts and stipulations, which will form the subject of a Law.

The same formalities will be observed with regard to the next heir to the throne.

Neither the King nor the next heir to the throne can marry any person excluded by the Law from the succession to the Crown.

57. The revenue of the King and of his family will be fixed by the Cortes at the beginning of each reign.

58. The Ministers can be Senators or Deputies, and take part in the discussions of both the Legislative Bodies, but they will only have the right to vote in the one to which they belong.

DIVISION 7.-Of the Succession to the Crown.

59. The legitimate King of Spain is Don Alfonso of Bourbon. 60. The succession to the throne of Spain will follow the regular order of primogeniture and right of succession in the person of another, the elder branch being always preferred to the younger ones; in the same branch the nearest degree of kindred to the more remote; in the same degree of kindred the male to the female, and in the same sex the older to the younger person.

61. The lines of the legitimate descendants of Don Alfonso XII of Bourbon being extinguished, his sisters will succeed in the order that is established; then his aunt, sister of his mother and her legitimate descendants, and those of his uncles, brothers of Don Fernando VII, if they have not been excluded.

62. If all the branches named shall be extinguished, the Cortes will make new calls to the throne as it most suits the nation.

63. Any doubt as to fact or right which may arise in the order of the succession to the Crown shall be settled by a Law.

64. Those who may be incapable of governing or may have committed some act for which they may deserve to lose their right to the Crown, shall be excluded from the succession by a Law.