Science and Technology in the Global Cold War

Sampul Depan
Naomi Oreskes, John Krige
MIT Press, 7 Nov 2014 - 472 halaman
Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in fields from biomedicine to rocket science.

The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security restrictions. These changes affected not just the arms race and the space race but also research in agriculture, biomedicine, computer science, ecology, meteorology, and other fields. This volume examines science and technology in the context of the Cold War, considering whether the new institutions and institutional arrangements that emerged globally constrained technoscientific inquiry or offered greater opportunities for it.

The contributors find that whatever the particular science, and whatever the political system in which that science was operating, the knowledge that was produced bore some relation to the goals of the nation-state. These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated. The contributors also consider to what extent the changes to science and technology practices in this era were produced by the specific politics, anxieties, and aspirations of the Cold War.

Contributors
Elena Aronova, Erik M. Conway, Angela N. H. Creager, David Kaiser, John Krige, Naomi Oreskes, George Reisch, Sigrid Schmalzer, Sonja D. Schmid, Matthew Shindell, Asif A. Siddiqi, Zuoyue Wang, Benjamin Wilson

 

Isi

Introduction
1
1 Science in the Origins of the Cold War
11
2 Atomic Tracings
31
3 SelfReliant Science
75
4 From the End of the World to the Age of the Earth
107
5 Changing the Mission
141
6 Fighting Each Other
189
7 Embedding the National in the Global
227
9 Calculating Times
273
10 Defining Scientific Direction
317
11 The Cold War and the Reshaping of Transnational Science in China
343
12 When Structure Met Sputnik
371
13 Big Science and Big Science Studies in the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War
393
Concluding Remarks
431
About the Authors
443
Index
447

8 Bringing NASA Back to Earth
251
Hak Cipta

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Istilah dan frasa umum

Academy Acoustic AEC’s American Applications argued ATOC AC32 Atomic Energy Big Science Biological bomb Butrica California California Coastal Commission Caltech China climate Cold Cold War Conant context Cultural Defense DuBridge early Edward Shils Einstein’s ELDO engines experiment Folder Forman funding geochemistry Haystack Ibid industry Institute intellectual isotopes John Krige Kevles knowledge Kuhn Kuhn’s launch Lincoln Laboratory liquid oxygen Manhattan Project Marine Mammal Michael Polanyi military Minerva missile MITLL MMRP Naomi Oreskes NASA NASA’s National nuclear ocean oceanographers People’s physicists physics planetary Polanyi political postwar produced proposed radar radar astronomy radioactive radioisotopes reactor relativity research program Revolution rocket role S. P. Korolev satellite science and technology self-reliance Shapiro Shils SIOA social Society Soviet science Soviet Union space program space science Stalin technical tion tracers transnational United University Press Urey Urey’s V. P. Glushko Walter Munk weapons whales World

Tentang pengarang (2014)

Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University.

John Krige is Kranzberg Professor in the School of History, Technology, and Sociology at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is the author of American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe and the coeditor of Science and Technology in the Global Cold War, both published by the MIT Press.

Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University.

Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University.

Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University.

John Krige is Kranzberg Professor in the School of History, Technology, and Sociology at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is the author of American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe and the coeditor of Science and Technology in the Global Cold War, both published by the MIT Press.

David Kaiser is Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science, Department Head of the Program in Science, Technology, and Society, and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Physics at MIT. He is the author of Drawing Theories Apart: The Dispersion of the Feynman Diagrams in Postwar Physics, and editor of Pedagogy and the Practice of Science: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives (MIT Press).

Sonja D. Schmid is Assistant Professor in the Department of Science and Technology in Society at Virginia Tech.

John Krige is Kranzberg Professor in the School of History, Technology, and Sociology at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is the author of American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe and the coeditor of Science and Technology in the Global Cold War, both published by the MIT Press.

Informasi bibliografi

JudulScience and Technology in the Global Cold War
Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology
EditorNaomi Oreskes, John Krige
Edisiberilustrasi
PenerbitMIT Press, 2014
ISBN0262326116, 9780262326117
Tebal472 halaman
  
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