shall forfeit to the United States the sum of $100 for each day of such default.

Whoever willfully falsifies, destroys, mutilates, or alters any such report, account, record, rate, charge, or memorandum, or willfully files a false report, account, record, rate, charge, or memorandum shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and subject upon conviction to a fine of not more than $1,000, or imprisonment for not more than one year, or to both such fine and imprisonment.

Sec. 22. That any person may file with the board a sworn complaint setting forth any violation of this act by a common carrier by water, or other person subject to this act, and asking reparation for the injury, if any, caused thereby. The board shall furnish a copy of the complaint to such carrier or other person, who shall within a reasonable time specified by the board, satisfy the complaint or answer it in writing. If the complaint is not satisfied the board shall, except as otherwise provided in this act, investigate it in such manner and by such means, and made under this act shall continue in force for such time, not is filed within two years after the cause of action accrued, may direct the payment, on or before a day named, of full reparation to the complainant for the injury caused by such violation.

The board, upon its own motion, may in like manner and, except as to orders for the payment of money, with the same powers, investigate any violation of this act.

Sec. 23. Orders of the board relating to any violation of this act shall be made only after full hearing, and upon a sworn complaint or in proceedings instituted of its own motion.

All orders of the board other than for the payment of money made under this act shall continue in force for such time, not exceeding two years, as shall be prescribed therein by the board. unless suspended, modified, or set aside by the board or any court of competent jurisdiction.

Sec. 24. That the board shall enter of record a written report of every investigation made under this act in which a hearing has been held, stating its conclusions, decision, and order, and, if reparation is awarded, the findings of facts on which the award is made, and shall furnish a copy of such report to all parties to the investigation.

The board may publish such reports in the form best adapted for public information and use, and such authorized publications shall, without further proof or authentication, be competent evidence of such reports in all courts of the United States and of the States, Territories, Districts, and possessions thereof.

Sec. 25. That the board may reverse, suspend, or modify, upon such notice and in such manner as it deems proper, any order made by it. Upon application of any party to a decision or order it may grant a rehearing of the same or any matter determined therein, but no such application for or allowance of a rehearing shall, except by special order of the board, operate as a stay of such order.

Sec. 26. The board shall have power, and it shall be its duty whenever complaint shall be made to it, to investigate the action of any foreign Government with respect to the privileges afforded and burdens imposed upon vessels of the United States engaged in foreign trade whenever it shall appear that the laws, regulations, or practices of any foreign Government operate in such a manner that vessels of the United States are not accorded equal privileges in foreign trade with vessels of such foreign countries or vessels of other foreign countries, either in trade to or from the ports of such foreign country or in respect of the passage or transportation through such foreign country of passengers or goods intended for shipment or transportation in such vessels of the United States, either to or from ports of such foreign country or to or from ports of other foreign countries. It shall be the duty of the board to report the results of its investigation to the President with its recommendations and the President is hereby authorized and empowered to secure by diplomatic action equal privileges for vessels of the Uniteed. States engaged in such foreign trade. And if by such diplomatic action the President shall be unable to secure such qual privileges then the President shall advise Congress as to the facts and his conclusions by a special message, if deemed important in the public interest, in order that proper action may be taken thereon.

Sec. 27. That for the purpose of investigating alleged violations of this act, the board may by subpoena compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of books, papers, documents, and other evidence from any place in the United States at any designated place of hearing. Subpoenas may be signed.

by any commissioner, and oaths or affirmations may be administered, witnesses examined, and exidence received by any comsioner or examiner, or, under the direction of the board, by any person authorized under the laws of the United States or of any State, Territory, District, or possession thereof to administer oaths. Persons so acting under the direction of the board and witnesses shall, unless employees of the board, be entitled to the same fees and mileage as in the courts of the United States. Obedience to any such subpoena shall, on application by the board, be enforced as are orders of the board other than for the payment of money.

Sec. 28. That no person shall be excused, on the ground that it may tend to incriminate him or subject him to a penalty or forfeiture, from attending and testifying, or producing books, papers, documents, and other evidence, in obedience to the subpœna of the board or of any court in any proceeding based upon or growing out of any alleged violation of this act; but no natural person shall be prosecuted or subjected to any penalty or forfeiture for or on account of any transaction, matter, or thing as to which, in obedience to a subpoena and under oath, he may so testify or produce evidence, except that no person shall be exempt from prosecution and punishment for perjury committed in so testifying.

Sec. 29. That in case of violation of any order of the board, other than an order for the payment of money, the board, or any party injured by such violation, or the Attorney General, may apply to a district court having jurisdiction of the parties; and if, after hearing, the court determines that the order was regularly made and duly issued, it shall enforce obedience thereto by a writ of injunction or other proper process, mandatory or otherwise.

Sec. 30. That in case of violation of any order of the board for the payment of money the person to whom such award was made may file in the district court for the district in which such person resides, or in which is located any office of the carrier or other person to whom the order was directed, or in which is located any point of call on a regular route operated by the carrier, or in any court of general jurisdiction of a State, Territory, District, or possession of the United States having jurisdiction of the parties, a petition or suit setting forth briefly the causes

for which he claims damages and the order of the board in the premises.

In the district court the findings and order of the board shall be prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated, and the petitioner shall not be liable for costs, nor shall he be liable for costs at any subsequent stage of the proceedings unless they accrue upon his appeal. If a petitioner in a district court finally prevails, he shall be allowed a reasonable attorney's fee, to be taxed and collected as part of the costs of the suit.

All parties in whose favor the board has made an award of reparation by a single order may be joined as plaintiffs, and all other parties to such order may be joined as defendants, in a single suit in any district in which any one such plaintiff could maintain a suit against any one such defendant. Service of process against any such defendant not found in that district may be made in any district in which is located any office of, or point of call on a regular route operated by, such defendant. Judgment may be entered in favor of any plaintiff against the defendant liable to that plaintiff.

No petition or suit for the enforcement of an order for the payment of moneys shall be maintained unless filed within one year from the date of the order.

Sec. 31. That the venue and procedure in the courts of the United States in suits brought to enforce, suspend, or set aside. in whole or in part, any order of the board shall, except as herein otherwise provided, be the same as in similar suits in regard to orders of the Interstate Commerce Commission, but such suits may also be maintained in any district court having jurisdiction of the parties.

Sec. 32. That whoever violates any provision of this act, except where a different penalty is provided, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by fine not to exceed $5,000.

Sec. 33. That this act shall not be construed to affect the power or jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission. nor to confer upon the board concurrent power or jurisdiction over any matter within the power or jurisdiction of such commission; nor shall this act be construed to apply to intrastate

commerce.

Sec. 34. That if any provision of this act, or the application of such provision to certain circumstances, is held unconstitu

tional, the remainder of the act, and the application of such provision to circumstances other than those as to which it is held unconstitutional, shall not be affected thereby.

Sec. 35. That for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seventeen, the sum of $100,000 is hereby appropriated, out of any moneys in the Treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated, for the purpose of defraying the expenses of the establishment and maintenance of the board, including the payment of salaries herein authorized.

Sec. 36. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to refuse a clearance to any vessel or other vehicle laden with merchandise destined for a foreign or domestic port whenever he shall have satisfactory reason to believe that the master, owner, or other officer of such vessel or other vehicle refuses or declines to accept or receive freight or cargo in good condition tendered for such port of destination or for some intermediate port of call, together with the proper freight or transportation charges therefor, by any citizen of the United States, unless the same is fully laden and has no space accommodations for the freight or cargo so tendered, due regard being had for the proper loading of such vessel or vehicle, or unless such freight or cargo consists of merchandise for which such vessel or vehicle is not adaptable.

Approved, September 7, 1916.

United States Compiled Statutes 1919 Sections 8146a to 8146q. The Shipping Act called the Merchant Marine Act has been amended. Fully to understand the law the amendments are copied in full as follows:

An Act To provide for the promotion and maintenance of the American merchant marine, to repeal certain emergency legislation, and provide for the disposition, regulation, and use of property acquired thereunder, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That it is necessary for the national defense and for the proper growth of its foreign and domestic commerce that the United States shall have a merchant marine of the best equipped and most suitable types of vessels sufficient to carry the greater portion of its commerce and serve as a naval or military auxiliary in time of war or national emergency, ultimately to be owned and