ale, ǎt, câre, ärm, all.

eve, end, her. ice, ill.

Aberdeen, ab-er-dēn'.
Abomey, ab-o-mā'.
Abyssinia, ab-is-sin'I-a.
Acapulco, ä-ka-pool'kō.
Aconcagua, -kon-kä'gwä.
Adelaide, d'e-lād.
Aden, ä'den.

Adirondack, ad-i-rõn'dak.
Adrian, a'dri-an.

Adriatic, ad-rē-ǎt'Ik.
Egean, e-je'an,

Afghanistan, if-găn-is-tăn.

Africa, af'ri-ka.

Agaña, -gan'yä.

Ajaccio, ä yät'chō.

Akron, akron.

Alabama, l-a-bä'ma.

Alaska, -lis'ka.

Albany, al'ba-ni.

Albemarle, l'be-märl.

Albuquerque, al-bōō-kār’kā. Aleutian, a l'shi-an.

Alexandria, l-egs-an'dri-a. Algeria, al je ri-ä.

Algiers, al-jērz'.

Alleghany, l'e-ga-ni.

Allegheny, al'e-ga-ni.
Alpine, alpin.
Altai, l-ti'.

Altamaha, al-ta-ma-ha'.
Altoona, al-too'na.
Amazon, am'a-zon.

Amsterdam, am'ster-dăm.
Amur, ä-moor'.

Anam, ñ-năm

Andean, an-dē ́an.

Andes, n'dez.

Androscoggin, aăn-dros-cog'in.

Annapolis, an-nap'o-lis.

Antarctic, n-tärk'tik.

Anticosti, an-ti-kōs'ti.

Antofagasta, än-tō-fă-gäs'tă.

Antwerp, ant'werp.

Anvick, in-vik'.

Apalachee, ap-a-lách ́ē.

Apennines, ap'en-ninz.
Apia, ä'pe-ä.

Appalachian, ap-pa-la'chi-an.

Appalachicola, ä-pa-lich-i-kō'lä.

Appomattox, ap-po-măt'toks.
Arab, arab.

Arabian, ǎ-ra'bĭ-an.

Aral, arʼal.

Ararat, r'a-răt.

Archangel, rk-ān'jěl.

Archipelago, är-ki-pěl'ǎ-gō.
Arctic, ärk tik.
Arequipa, -ra-kē'på.
Argentina, r'jen-te'-na.
Arizona, r-I-zō'na.

Arkansas, ir'kan-sa'.
Asia, A'shi-a.

Asiatic, a-shi-åt'ik.

Astoria, as-to'ri-a.

Astrakhan, s-trä-kän'.
Atacama, -tä-kä'mä.
Atchafalaya, ach-af-a-l'a.
Atchison, ch'i-son.
Athabasca, ath-a-bǎs'ka.
Athens, ath'enz.
Atlanta, at-län'ta.
Atlantic, at lǎn'tik.
Auckland, ak'land.
Augusta, a-gus'ta.
Austin, as'tin.

Australia, as-trä'lí-å.
Austria, tri-a.
Avon, a'von.

Azov, ä-zŎv'.
Azores, a-zorz'.

n as in ink. th as in thin. th as in the.

Caribbean, kar-Ib-bē'an.

Carolina, kär-o-li'na.

Carpathian, kär-pa'thi-an.

Carpentaria, kär-pen-tä're-a.

Cartagena, kär-ta-jē'na.

Cascade, kas-kād'.
Caspian, kas pi-an.
Cassiquiari, ka-sē-kē·ä'tē.
Catoche, ka-to'shã.
Caucasus, ka'ka sŭs.
Cavite, kä-ve-tā'.
Cayenne, ka-yĕn'.
Celebes, sel'e-běz.
Cenis, se-ne'.

Cettinje, cha-tēn'yā.

Cévennes, sã-věnn'.

Ceylon, se-lon'.

Champlain, sham-plān'.
Chapala, shä-pä'lä.

Chattahoochee, chat-ta-1 60'chẽ.
Chattanooga, chặt-là-hữu ga,

N nearly like ng in sing (French nasal).

Chautauqua, sha-tą'kwa. Chelsea, Chel'sē. Cherbourg, sher'bûrg. Chesapeake, ches ́a-pēk.

Cheyenne, shi-en'.

Chicago, she ka'gō.

Chihuahua, clē-wä'wä.

Chile, che a

Chimborazo, chim-bō-rä'zō,

Chinese, c'ı ēz.

Christiania, kris-tē-ä'rē-ã‚

Cienfuegos, e en'fwā'gos.
Cinchona, sin-kō'na.
Cincinnati, sin-sin-nä'ti.
Clyde, klid.

Cologne, kō-lon'.

Colombia, ko-lōm'bē-å.

Colon, ko-lón'.

Colorado, kol-o-rä ́ðõ,

Concepcion, kon-sép'shūn.

Concord, kork'urd,

Connecticut, kōn-nět I-kut,
Constance, kon'stans.

Constantinople, kõn-stǎn'ti-nG']

Copenhagen, kō'pen-hä'gen.
Cordova, kor'dō-vä.

Corinth, korinth.

Corpus Christi, kōr'pūs kris'tē
Corrientes, kör-ré-én'tés,
Corsica, kor'-i-ka.

Costa Rica, kos'tä rē’kā.
Cotopaxi, ko-tō-pāk'sē.
Covington, kuv'ing-ton.
Cracow, kra'kō.
Cuba, 'ba.

Dahomey, dä-hō'mā.

Dakota, da-kō'ta.

Dallas, dal'as.

Damascus, da-mǎs'kŭs.

Dantzic, dànt'zik.

Danube, dan'ũb.

Dardanelles, Gär-da-nělz'.

Darien, da're-én.

Davenport, daven-pōrt.
Decatur, de-ka'tur.
Dekkan, děk ́kan.
Delaware, del'a-wâr.
Delhi, India, dēllē.
Des Moines, de moin'.
Detroit, de-troit'.
Dnieper, ne'per.
Dniester, 1es'ter.
Dovrefield, do-vre-fyěld'.
Drave, dräv.

Dresden, diz'den.

Dubuque, doo-bûk'.

Duluth, di-ooth'.

Dundee, dun-dē.
Dunedin, dun-éd'in.
Dwina, dwe'na.

Honolulu, ho-nō-lʊʊ/150.

Hoosac, 100'sak.

Housatonic, hoo-sa-ton'Ic. Houston, bus'ton.

Hudson, hud'son.

Hué, hoo A'.

Humboldt, hum'bōlt.
Hungary, hun'ga-ri.
Huron, hu'ron.

Kabul, kä'bul.

Kadiak, käd-yak'.
Kalahari, kä-lä-häʼrf.

Kamchatka, käm-chät'ka.
Kamerun, kä-mã-róʊn'.
Kanawha, ka-ng'wa.
Kankake, kan-ka-kē'.

Kansas, kan'sas.

Kara, kärä.

Katahdin, ka-tä'din.
Kauai, kow-I'e.
Kenia, ka-ne'â.
Kennebec, ken-c-běk'.
Kentucky, kon-tŭk'I.
Keokuk, ke'o-kük.
Khaibar, kë-här.
Khartum, kar-toom'.
Khelat, kel-ät'.

Khin-ghan, kiu gin,
Khiva, ke'vä.
Kief, kef.

Kilauea, ke-low-'a.

Kilimanjaro, kil ́ē-män-jä-rō'. Kiolen, kyö'len.

Kioto, ke-o'to.

Kirghiz, kir-gēz'.

Klamath, klä'math.

Klondike, klon'dik.

Knoxville, nõks'vil.

Kongo, kōngō.

Kordofan, Kor-dō-fän'. Korea, kō-re'a. Kuenlun, kwěn-loon'. Kyoto, ke-o'to.

Labrador, lab-ra-dôr'.
Lachine, lä-shën'.
Lacrosse, la-kros'.
Ladoga, lad'ō-ga.
Ladrones, la-drōnz'.
Lafayette, l-fa-ět'.
La Guaira. la gwI'rä.
Landes, loNd.
Lansing, lan'sing.
La Paz, li päth'.
La Plata, la plä'tä.
Laramie, lar'a-mē.
Lassa, lässä.

Liberia, l-be'ri-a.

Libyan, lib'e-an.
Lille, lel.

Lima. le'må (Peru).
Lingayen, len-gå-yĕn.
Lipari, lip'a-rē.
Lisbon, liz'bon.
Liverpool, liv'er-pool.

Llano Estacado, lyä'no és-tä-kä'dō.
Loanda, lo-an'då.

Lofoden, 10-fo'den.
Loire, lwär.

Los Angeles, los än gel-es.

Louisiana, 100-e-zē-ä'na.

Louisville, 100'Is- or loo ́I-vil.

Lourenço Marques, lo-ren'sō mär

(Spain).

Maelstrom, mål'strēm.

Magdalena, näg-dä-lä'vä.

Magdeburg, mag'de-boorg.

Magellan, ma-jēl'an.

Maine, man.
Malacca, ma-lak'a.
Managua, mä-nä'gwä.
Manchester, manches-ter.
Manchuria, man-choo're-a.
Mandalay, män'dä-lā.
Manila, ma-nil'a.
Manitoba, man-i-tō-bä'.
Manzanillo, män-thä-nēl’yō.
Maori, ma'o-rē.

Maracaibo, mä-rä-kÏ'bō.
Marajo, mä-rä-zhō'.
Marañon, mä-rän-yōn'.
Marmora, mär'mo-ra.
Marseilles, mär-salz'.
Martinique, mär-ti-nēk'.
Maskat, mis-kat'.

Massachusetts, mas-a-chu'sets.
Matagorda, mat-a-gor'da.
Matamoros, mat-a-mō'ros.
Matanzas, ma-tănʼzas.
Matapan, ma-tä-pän' (Gr.).
Maui, mowē.

Mauna Kea, mow'rä kä'ä.

Mindanao, men-dä-nä'ō.
Mindoro, men-dō'rō.
Minneapolis, min-e-ǎp'o-lis.
Minnesota, min-e-sō'ta.
Mississippi, mis-is-Ip'I.
Missouri, mis oo'ri.
Mobile, mo-bēl'.
Mohave, mo-hä'vā.
Mohawk, mo'hak.
Molokai, mo-10-kI'.
Moluccas, mo-lük'kaz.
Mombasa, mom-bäsʼa.
Mongolia, mon-gō'lí-a.

227

Monongahela, mō-nõn-ga-hē’la.

Monrovia, mon-rō'vi-a.

Montana, mon-täʼna.
Montauk, mon-tąk'.

Mont Blanc, mōn blŎn' or mount blank.

Mont Cenis, mōN' se-ne' or mount.
Montenegro, mōn-tã-nã'grō.
Monterey, mon-te-1ã'.

Montevideo, mõn-të-vid'ē-ō.
Montgomery, mont-gŭm'er-I.

Montpelier, mont-pē ́li-er.
Montreal, mont-re-gl'.

Moray, ura.

Morocco, 11.0-rök'ō.

Moscow, mos'kō.

Mount St. Elias, e-l'as.

Mount Tyndall, tin'dal.

Mozambique, mō-zam-bēk'

Mukden, ook-děn',

Munich, mu'nik.

Murray, mur'ā.

Muskegon, mus-kē'gon.

Nan-ling, än'ling.

Nantes, nants.

Nantucket, văn tùket.

Naples, na plz.

Narragansett, năr-ra-gănʼset.

Nashua, nali'-a.

Nassau, nasa.

Natchez, na'chez.

Nebraska, ne-brǎs'ka.

Nepal, na-päl'.

Netherlands, neth'er-landz.
Neuse, us.

Nevada, ne-vä'da.
Newark, nu'ark.

Newfoundland, nu'fond-land.
New Hampshire, hamp'shir.
New Orleans, ôr'le-anz.
Newport, 'ört.

New Zealand, zē ́land.
Niagara, 11-g'a-ra.

Nicaragua, ne-kä-rä'gwä.
Niger, f'jer.

Nijai Novgorod, nij'nẻ nŏv-go-rŏd'
Ningpo, ning-po,

Norfolk, nor fok.

Norwegian, nor-wē'jl-an.

Norwich, nor wich (U. S.); nõr❜rij

Eng.).

Nova Scotia, nō'va skō'shi-a. Nova Zembla, nō'va zěm’bla.

Nubia, nu bi-a.

Nueces, nwa'sēs.

Nuevitas, nwa-vē'tas.

Nyanza, n-n'za,

Nyassa, ne-äs'sä.

Oahu, 0-'hoo.

Oakland, ōk'land.
Obi, o'bē.

Odessa, o-des'sa.

Ogden, og'děn.

Okechobee, O-ke-chō'bē.

Okefinokee, O-ke-fl-no'ke.

Okhotsk, O-kötsk'.

Oklahoma, Ok-lä-hō'ma.

Olympia, ō-Im'pi-a.

Omaha, o'ma-ha.

Oman, ō-män'.

Omsk, omsk.

Onega, O-ne'ga.

Paraná, pä-rä-nä'.

Paris, păr is.

Passaic, pas-sa'ik.

Passamaquoddy, pas-a-ma-kwŏd'I.

Patagonia, pat-a-gō'ni-a.

Paterson, pat'er-son.

Pawtucket, pa-tŭk'et.

Pedee, pe-de'.

Peking, pé-king'.
Peling, pe-ling'.

Pennsylvania, pen-sil-va'ni-a.
Penobscot, pe-nob'scot.
Pensacola, pen-sa-kō'la.
Peoria, pé-o'ri-a.

Pernambuco, pĕr-näm-bʊʊ'kō.
Persia, per shi-a.

Perth, perth.

Peru, pe-roo'.

Phenix, fo'niks.

Philadelphia, fil-a-děl'fi-a.

Philippine, fil'Ip-In.

Piedmont, ped'inŏnt.

Pierre, pe-ar'.

Pietermaritzburg, pē-ter-mâr'itsburg.

Saco, sa'kō.

Sacramento, sak-ra-měn'tō.
Saginaw, sag'I-ną.
Sahama, sä hä-mä.
Sahara, sä-hä'ra.
Saigon, I-gon'.

Saint Albans, sänt al'banz.

Saint Augustine, agus-tēn.
Saint Clair, klar'.

Saint Croix, kroi'.

Saint Gothard, gō-tärd'.
Saint Helena, sent he-lē'na.
Saint Lawrence, sant la'rens.
Saint Louis, 100'is or loo ́I.
Saint Petersburg, pē'terz-bûrg.
Saint Roque, rõk.
Sakhalin, sä-khä-len'.
Salem, så'lem.

Salonika, si-lō-nē’kä,

Salvador, säl-vä-dōr'.

Samarkand, säm-ar-känd'.
Samoa, sä-mō'ä.

San Antonio, sän än-to'nĬ-0.

San Bernardino, bêr-när-dě'nō.
San Diego, san dō-ã'gō.
Sandusky, san-dŭs'ki.

San Francisco, frăn-sis'kō.
San Joaquin, sän hō-ä-kēn'.

San José, ho-sÃ'.

San Juan, hod-än'.

San Lucas, oo'kas.

Santa Barbara, săn’ta bär ba-ra. Santa Fé, fa.

Santee, san-të'.

Santiago, sän-tö-ä'gō.

Santo Domingo, sän ́tʊ dō-mēn'gō. Santos, sän'tōs.

Saratoga, sar-a-tō'ga.

Sardinia, sär-din'I-a.

Saskatchewan, sas-kach'e-wan.

Sault Sainte Marie, soo sent ma'ri.
Savannah, sa-văn ́a.
Save, säv.

Scandinavia, skan-di-na'vi-a.
Schenectady, ske-něk'ta-dě.
Schuylkill, skool'kil,

Scotland, sköt land.

Scranton, skrån'ton.

Seattle, se-at'l.

Seine, ăn.

Seneca, sen'e-ka.

Senegal, sen-e-gal'.

pa.

Seoul, sã-ool'.

Smyrna, směr'na.

Sokoto, so-ko-10'.
Somali, so-mä'lē.
Somerville, sum'er-vil.
Spokane, spo-kǎn'.
Stanovoi, stä-no-voi'.
Stockholm, stökʼhōlm.
Strasburg, străz'bûrg.
Stuttgart, stoot'gärt.
Sucre, so'kre.
Sudan, soo-dän'.
Suez, soo-ěz'.
Sulu, 800 100.

Sumatra, so0-mä'trä.
Sunda, sun'da.

Sunderland, un'der-land.

Susquehanna, sus-kwe-han'a.
Sweden, swe'den.

Switzerland, swit'zer-land.
Sydney, sid'ni.

Syracuse, sir'a-kūs.

Syria, sir'i-a.

Topeka, to-pe'ka.
Toronto, to-rõn'tō.
Trieste, tre-est'.

Trinidad, trin-i-dăd'.

Tripoli, trip'o-II.

Tucson, tu son'.

Tunis, tü'nis.

Turin, tü'rin.

Turkestan, toor-kis-tän'.

Uinta, u-in'tą.
Ujiji, oo-jo'jè.
Ural, u'ral.

Uruguay, 00-roo-gwI'.
Utah, u'tä ū ́tą.
Utica, u'ti-ka.

Valdai, väl'dī.

Valencia, va-len'shi-a.
Valparaiso, väl-pä-rī ́sõ.
Vancouver, van-koʊ'ver.
Venezuela, věn-e-zwē ́la,
Venice, věn'is.

Vera Cruz, va'rä kioos'.
Verde, verd.

Vermont, ver-mont'.

Vesuvius, ve-sū ́ví-ūs.

Victoria, vik-tō'rē-a.

Vienna, vi-ĕn'a (U. S.); vē-ĕn'a (Austria).

Virginia, ver-jîn'i-a.

Vistula, vis'tű-la.

Vladivostok, vlä-dē-vōs-tōk'.

Volga, võl❜gä.

Wabash, wa'bash.

Wachusett, wa-chű’set.

Wadai, wä'dI.

Wales, walz.

Warsaw, war'sa.

Wasatch, wa'sach.

Welland, wel'and.

Wellington, wel'ing-ton.
Wener, vä'ner.

Westminster, wěst'min-ster.
Wetter, vět'ter.

Wheeling, hwel'Ing.
Wichita, wich'i-ta.

Wilkesbarre, wilks bar-I.

Willamette, wil-ä'mēt.

Wilmington, wil'ming-ton.

Winnemucca, win-ē-mūk’a.

Winnepesaukee, win-ē-pe-sa'kē.
Winnipeg, win'i-peg.
Winona, wi-nō'na.
Winooski, wi-noʊs'ki.
Wisconsin, wis-kön'sin.

Woonsocket, woon-sõk ́et.

Worcester, WODs'ter.
Wyoming, wi-o'ming.

Yablonoi, yä-blō-noi'.
Yakutsk, ya-köotsk'.
Yang-tse, yang'tse.
Yarkand, yar-känd'.
Yazoo, ya-zoo'.
Yenesei, yen-e-sā ́ē.
Yesso, yes'sō.

Yokohama, yo-kō-hå’mã

Yonkers, yonk'ers.

Yosemite, yo-sẽm ́Ï-tē.

Yucatan, yoo kä-tän'.

Yukon, yoo kŏn.

Zacatecas, zäk-a-tā'kas.
Zambezi, zâm-bi ze.
Zanzibar, zinʼzi-bär.
Zululand, zoo/loo-land.
Zurich, ts'rik.

Zuyder Zee, zoi’der zā'.